Accounting & Financial Services Corp.Network Design Proposal Michael J. Smith, ITN 100 Nov. 14, 2011 Accounting & Financial Services Corp. Network Design Proposal | 2 Introduction CONTENTS Introduction Executive Summary Project Description Network Objectives Design Assumptions 2 4 4 5 5 Network Needs Geographic Scope Application Systems Network Users Transmission Speed Requirements Security Requirements 5 5 5 6 6 6 AFS Network Design AFS WAN High-Level Design AFS WAN Architecture Network Technology Cabling Security Hardware Configuration AFS BN High-Level Design AFS BN Architecture Network Technology Cabling Security Hardware Configuration 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 10 10 10 10 10 10 Accounting & Financial Services Corp. Network Design Proposal | 3 AFS LAN High-Level Design AFS LAN Architecture Network Technology Cabling Security Hardware Configuration IP Addressing OSI Model Cost 12 12 13 13 13 13 20 22 23 . WA OMAHA. AFS’s network design will consist of a wide-area-network (WAN) with 1000Base-FX Gigabit Ethernet over fiber optic cable using a star architecture.58 Million 9. both logically and physically. Project Description The proposed network is designed to link AFS Headquarters. CO BURBANK. as well as the AFS BN. CA. The WAN will be connected to a rack-mounted switched backbone network (BN) that uses 100Base-TX Ethernet over Category 5 cables. CA SEATTLE. The company seeks a new network that will link all offices with the headquarters for secure file sharing and application sharing. BRANCH LOCATIONS Distance to HQ in miles DUBLIN. Greensboro. NC DENVER. This will be used to determine the amount of cable needed.78 Million 6. Denver. Greensboro RELIABILITY The network must contain redundancy to ensure that the failure of one system will not bring the entire network down.700 2.200 Distance to HQ in feet 2. WA. OH GREENSBORO.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. Dublin. SCALABILITY The network must be capable of sustaining scalability without the need to rebuild the entire network. VA.5 Million 14.600 employees spread across seven locations in the United States. located in Burbank. NE. to the company’s six branch offices. and Seattle.26 Million 14. Changes and updates must be easy to implement. Each local-area-network (LAN) will connect several department workstations to database. located in Fairfax.64 Million 1. The table below details the distance between each branch office and the headquarters. NE 500 300 1.33 Million .800 2. The BNs will contain layer 2 and layer 3 switches. Network Design Proposal | 4 Executive Summary Accounting & Financial Service Corporation (AFS) is a financial accounting firm with 1. NC.800 1. OH. The BNs will be connected to switched 100Base-TX Ethernet local-area-networks that use multipoint circuits in a star topology. file and print services. Each branch office consists of five departments that will also be linked by the network. Burbank Fairfax Seattle Omaha Dublin SPEED The network must provide enough bandwidth to meet demand during periods of peak usage. NETWORK OBJECTIVES Denver SECURITY The network must be designed to prevent unauthorized access. which will in turn connect workstations to the WAN. CO. Omaha. AFS HQ contains seven departments that will be linked by the network. but they do not require the same speed as the WAN. . They also want to use Adobe graphic design products. AFS throughput rates indicate that 100Base-TX for LANs and 1000Base-FX for the WAN will suffice. Distribution Layer: Cisco 3560x-48T-L switch. Connections for these layers will not be as fast as those for the WAN to keep costs down. They also want to use Adobe graphic design products. The network will need to accommodate AFS’s 1.600 employees across seven locations. AFS is not interested in VoIP or video teleconferencing. Application Systems AFS will have two choices of software configurations within this design. The company wants to use Microsoft operating systems and productivity suites. The distribution and access layers will need to meet network requirements. accounting information. The network must be capable of sustaining scalability without the need to rebuild the entire network. AFS will maintain physical security of the network. web pages. and personnel profiles. AFS wants to build all circuits in the network instead of leasing them. brochures. AFS does not share buildings with any other businesses. Geographic Scope The AFS network will consist of the following layers: Access Layer: Dell OmniPlex 390 desktop or Dell Latitude E6420 laptop. The network design must only ensure that it is logically secure. The entire infrastructure will be built from scratch. Reliability. Each department resides on a separate floor within AFS offices. The network must be designed to prevent unauthorized access. The network will also need to handle graphics-heavy files. thus faster connections will be used in this layer. Changes and updates must be easy to implement.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. The network must provide enough bandwidth to meet demand during periods of peak usage. At this time. both logically and physically. financial information. Network Design Proposal | 5 Network Objectives The network is designed to meet the following requirements: Security. Design Assumptions This network design makes the following assumptions: AFS does not currently have a network. Scalability. Speed. Core Layer: Cisco 3750x-48P-S switch The AFS wide-area-network (core layer) will experience most of the traffic in this network design. AFS wants to use Microsoft operating systems and productivity suites. Network Needs The majority of traffic on this network will be file sharing including reports. The network must contain redundancy to ensure that the failure of one system will not bring the entire network down. and several databases. Each employee’s workstation will be connected to a department LAN. Sage Peachtree Quantum will use Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). . Security Requirements AFS wants a physically and logically secure network. This design will only include services to keep the network logically secure. The AFS WAN will not be meshed to save money. Network Design Proposal | 6 The first configuration includes MS Windows 7. The star architecture will also be faster because information will not need to make its way around the ring to get to HQ. data rates of 100 Mbps for LANs and 1 Gbps for the WAN will meet network demand. Sage Peachtree Quantum Platinum. AFS WAN High-Level Design AFS’s WAN employs a star architecture. The highest amount of traffic will come from the accounting and finance departments in the form of document sharing and accessing databases. SolarWinds Orion PM. Based on analysis of AFS’s usage. AFS has decided to keep computers and servers behind locked doors with controlled access. SysAid. User names and passwords will be used to limit access as well. To keep costs down. and OmniPage Enterprise. which will connect all the LANs in each branch office to the WAN. and EndNote X3. access cards. AFS Network Design AFS’s network design consists of one wide-area-network connecting all the offices to AFS headquarters. Adobe Creative Suite will also use FTP. MS Office Pro. Network Users The network needs to accommodate 1. management approval will be required. ManageEngine SupportCenter Plus. The WAN is connected to AFS’s backbone network.Accounting & Financial Services Corp.600 users. Permissions will be assigned by department to keep internal threats to a minimum. Adobe Creative Suite Master Collection. Employees will only have access to files and servers they need to perform their job functions. and a surveillance system. MS Windows Server 2008. meaning that the network needs to handle transmission as quickly possible. HR Document Maker. HRA HRIS. Should an employee need access to information beyond the scope of their job. The second configuration includes MS Windows 7. ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus. with security guards. which will be easier to manage than a ring architecture. LBE Help Desk. AFS will administer physical security. MS Windows Server 2008. Adobe Creative Suite Master Collection. Access to buildings will also be controlled. Adobe Acrobat. AdRem NetCrunch 6. QuickBooks Enterprise Solution. Transmission Speed Requirements Access to network resources should be as seamless as possible. Most of the applications in both configurations will use HTTP over TCP/IP and Windows file access. Customer service will generate the least amount of traffic. which will allow departments to share files and database information. MS Office Pro. Each department will generate different levels of traffic. The high-level design appears below. Adobe Acrobat. Staff Files Pro. Accounting & Financial Services Corp. Network Design Proposal | 7 Figure 1. Fiber optic cable will be laid between each office. With the selection of Gigabit Ethernet. Cabling distances were determined using the distances between cities. the entire network topology would use the same technology. but ultimately 1000Base -FX Gigabit Ethernet over fiber optic cable was chosen. should AFS decide to open another branch office in the future. Cabling The AFS WAN will contain connections between each branch office and the headquarters. Both Frame Relay and ATM were at a disadvantage from the start because they create latency due to protocol conversion. cable rolls needed based on distance to headquarters based on the table in the project description. The table below lists the amount of 1000-ft. Gigabit Ethernet will also allow AFS to make incremental investments in expansion. While this design assumes the AFS wants to lay their own cable. . it is highly recommended that they use leased lines. High-Level Design AFS WAN Architecture Network Technology Frame Relay and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) were considered for use in AFS’s WAN. which eliminates the need for additional protocols and complexities. Purchasing from Omnitron would cost $12.641 1. AFS also has demilitarized zones (DMZ) at each location that contain email servers.8 million. while the Netgear switches will cost $24. NE TOTAL 1000 FT. The core layer of each office will be equipped with a layer 3 (L3) switch. media converters must be used. Cabling Needs LOCATION DUBLIN. If the network experiences bottlenecks. The total cost for the Cisco switches will be $40.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. Each location needs one switch. OH GREENSBORO. but this increases points of entry for attackers. Because AFS department LANs use 100 Mbps Ethernet over Cat 5e cable. ROLLS 2.256 14. Security All traffic to the Internet will be routed through AFS HQ to limit the points at which an outside attack can occur. for example. AFS can configure vLANs in the future if. generate alarms. Additionally.504 14.000. . they wanted all of the HR departments to share the same circuit. as they are the only locations that have connections to the outside Internet. while purchasing from Transition would cost $13. including one to be used if another experiences problems. NC DENVER. Hardware Configuration The AFS WAN uses 1 GbE over fiber cables. the cost will be $9. the IPS. They also contain intrusion prevention systems that identify malicious activity. OH office has redundancy built in. They can choose Cisco’s 3750X Catalyst 48P-S or Netgear’s Prosafe L3 switch. log information about the activity.325. CA SEATTLE.104 A total of 49. They are the only offices on the AFS network to have firewalls. The Dublin. additional entry points can be added to other offices. If AFS chooses to buy their fiber optic cable from FiberCables. Network Design Proposal | 8 Table 1. AFS HQ and the Dublin office each have firewalls to protect the network. should an intruder get past the IDS. it will cost $8. thus eight are recommended. nor does it include construction costs to physically lay the cable. and firewall. and terminate connections with hostile sources. AFS can choose Omnitron’s iConverter GX/TM converter or Transition Networks StandAlone Converter SGETF1024-110. The network requires seven converters but AFS should purchase at least eight. WA OMAHA. If they choose to buy from UltraSpec. they have traffic anomaly detection systems to help identify attacks.336 49.600.104 rolls of 1. The DMZ at AFS HQ also contains the company’s web server. should one experience problems.784 6.000-ft fiber optic cable would need to be run between the offices and the HQ. This does not include the cost of shipping.584 9. By using L3 switches. should the connection at HQ experience problems.4 million.115. CO BURBANK. attempt to block the activity and report it. Similarly. due to space constraints. Both AFS HQ and Dublin have firewalls and anomaly detection systems. The AFS LAN and BN sections contain diagrams of the specific locations. one for the DMZ). Because AFS HQ has seven departments. should the connection to AFS HQ experience problems. The Dublin office contains redundancy. More details about those switches can be found in Hardware Configuration under the AFS BN section. Figure 2. AFS Wide Area Network Important Points: Each location has a router. .Accounting & Financial Services Corp. Network Design Proposal | 9 The distribution layer of each office will contain six layer 2 (L2) switches (one for each LAN. the figure does not contain all HQ information. Diagram shows the AFS WAN configuration. The LANs here are for illustration purpose only. That can be found in the AFS Hardware subsection of the AFA LAN Architecture section. Each location is connected to AFS HQ using 1GbE over fiber cables. that location will require eight switches. Each location has a media converter. All Internet traffic is routed to AFS HQ to limit entry points. (1000Base-FX). The figure does not contain all branch office information. the BNs will not have firewalls. the total cost will be about $3. the total cost will be $168. but at this time. AFS can replace Ethernet with GbE. see the Security subsection under AFS WAN Architecture. 100Base-TX Ethernet will be used to keep costs down. The switches will be rack-mounted in the basement of the each building. bringing the total to 51. Network Design Proposal | 10 Each location has a L3 switch. thus the additional cost to outfit the BN with GbE was not necessary. . Security will be handled by the WAN. If AFS chooses the Cisco 3560X-48T-L. AFS has identified scalability as an important design feature.360. This design has been employed to allow easy maintenance and upgrading. the L3 switch will be connected to eight L2 switches. which will need four. Each location will need two racks. Hardware Configuration The AFS BN s require 44 L2 switches. the total cost would be $3. Switching to GbE in the BNs would not have eliminated the need for media converters in the WAN. If they choose the Netgear Prosafe L2 switch. Cabling The GbE connection from the AFS WAN runs through the media converter to the L3 switch. one DMZ switch).Accounting & Financial Services Corp. Less than 10 ft. per connection should suffice. If AFS chooses Innovation. The second option is an Innovation First rack. with the exception of the HQ. 100 Mbps should suffice. In the AFS HQ BN.100. In the future. It is recommended that AFS purchase one additional switch for each location. All backbone switches are located in a secure room in the basement of each office. Thus AFS decided to pass on that option.700. Cat 5e price information can be found under the Cabling subsection of AFS LAN Architecture. Because those switches will all be located in the same room. not much Cat 5e is required. Once there. the total cost will be $171. If AFS chooses the StarTech Rack. The diagram shows the AFS HQ BN. Security Because the WAN will only have one entry point.300. For more information about security. Six for each branch office (36 total) and eight for HQ. While this means more cable is needed. the L3 switch will be connected to six L2 switches at each branch office (five department switches. AFS BN Architecture Network Technology For AFS BNs. AFS BN High-Level Design AFS’s backbone network will use switched backbones with a star topology. The HQ BN will not contain any security beyond the DMZ.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. as they would depend on the department and location. All branch office locations will be configured in this way for simplicity. as security will be handled by the anomaly detector and firewall at HQ. One for each LAN and one for the DMZ. IP addresses were left off. Network Design Proposal | 11 Figure 3. AFS HQ needs one L3 switch to connect the core layer to the distribution layer. . 100Base-TX over Cat 5e will be used in the AFS HQ BN. therefore it needs eight L2 switches. Because this diagram represents all branch offices. This diagram shows the BN of a branch office. AFS Headquarters Backbone Network Important Points: AFS headquarters has seven departments. LANs of this size would be severely limited if a peer-to-peer network was used. 100Base-TX over Cat 5e will be used in the AFS branch office BN. one for the DMZ. AFS LAN Architecture . therefore it needs six L2 switches: one for each LAN. Multipoint circuits will be used in LANs to minimize costs. The branch office BNs will not contain any security beyond the DMZ. LANs will have a star topology. Network Design Proposal | 12 Figure 4.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. Each branch office needs one L3 switch to connect the distribution layer to the core layer. AFS Branch Office Backbone Network Important Points: Each branch office has five departments. AFS LAN High-Level Design AFS department LANs will be dedicated-server networks. allowing users to share files and printers. as security will be handled by the anomaly detector and firewall at HQ. which lowers the probability of collisions. Hardware Configuration AFS HQ At AFS HQ. cheaper servers were chosen when they were designated to handle processor-light functions. no employee will be more than 50 ft. the cable will be $4. Switched 100Base-TX was also chosen because each circuit connected to a switch acts as a separate point-to-point connection. Security Because the WAN will only have one entry point. the LANs will not have firewalls. using the same assumptions. vertically from the main distribution facility. Cabling Operating under the assumption that AFS does not share its building with other tenants and each department is located on a different floor. which translates into speeds of roughly 95 Mbps. It has been said that Ethernet can use up to 95% of its capacity before problems arise. from the MDF). For example. and print servers. In its DMZ. That should be enough to meet AFS’s needs. thus switched Ethernet is a better option. AFS HQ would require 30 rolls of 1. switched 100Base-TX Ethernet was chosen because it provides better performance than shared Ethernet using hubs. an SQL server. with eight-foot ceilings and about two feet of structural space between floors for a total of 50 ft. It will also have two servers for backup. having a hub retransmit every message to all hosts would severely slow the network. the total will be about $7. except department file. the main reason 100Base-TX not 1000Base-FX was chosen for AFS LANs. HQ will also have a DNS server. AFS will also assign IP addresses at the LAN level dynamically. an application server. Roughly 70 feet of cable per employee would most likely cover each employee (only the furthest employees will be 70 ft. Each building has five floors. . They can choose to use the Dell PowerEdge line or the HP Proliant line. but to be safe. The table below contains the servers needed and the models proposed. at the branch offices. At AFS HQ. database. To save money. to account for Cat 5e cable needed for the BN connections. the MDF will house all of the servers for AFS’s networks. and an IM server. For more information about security.800. each branch office would need 15 rolls for a total of 120 rolls.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. it will have a web and email server. see the Security subsection under AFS WAN Architecture. the PowerEdge R510 or Proliant DL580 G7 would be used. which will contain information specific to all of AFS. which will require a DHCP. AFS HQ will require two domain controllers to handle its 400 employees. If AFS buys their Category 5e cable from Sewell. no employee will be more than 70 ft. per employee will be used.000-ft cable. and is cheaper than fitting an entire office building with fiber optic cables. the Dell PowerEdge R310 or the HP Proliant DL180 G6 would be used for the web server. 75 ft. If they instead choose Black Box. not individual departments. It will have one database server. On LANs of these size. For databases. Network Design Proposal | 13 Network Technology For all of the local area networks in AFS’s network. from the MDF. Security will be handled by the firewall and anomaly detector at AFS HQ. AFS has two options for servers.800. Network Design Proposal | 14 Table 2.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. AFS Server Options SERVER DATABASE DHCP DOMAIN CONTROLLER DNS EMAIL FILE IM PRINT SQL WEB DELL POWEREDGE R510 R310 R310 R310 R310 R410 R310 R410 R510 R310 HP PROLIANT DL580 G7 DL180 G6 DL180 G6 DL180 G6 DL180 G6 DL380 G7 DL180 G6 DL380 G7 DL580 G7 DL180 G6 . Server Room. HQ MDF will have a web server in its DMZ. executives. Both accounting & finance and sales & marketing have been allocated two database servers. compared to five departments for each branch office. Main Distribution Facility Diagram Important Points: The AFS HQ MDF will contain a firewall. the accounting and finance departments have been combined and share a LAN. and IPS to keep the network secure. IT. Figure 5. . IPSs or traffic anomaly detectors with the exception of Dublin.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. and sales & marketing. HR. Network Design Proposal | 15 Figure 5 shows what AFS’s HQ MDF will look like logically. AFS HQ DMZ. The other departments are customer service. HQ MDF will house all of the servers for the company except individual department servers. HQ has seven departments. Each department at AFS HQ will have its own database. legal. and two print servers because they will generate the most network traffic. an anomaly detector. At AFS HQ. while branch offices do not have web servers. Branch office MDFs do not have firewalls. file and print server. two file servers. also running Windows 7. it would cost $2. AFS HQ Department LAN Diagrams .9 million for Dell and $2. Some employees have local printers. they do not appear on these diagrams. they have a choice of the Dell Latitude E6420 laptop and HP Elitebook 8460P. or the HP Compaq 6200 Pro. it is assumed that they require all equipment. Network Design Proposal | 16 As AFS does not have an existing network.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. The following diagrams show the logical design of HQ LANs: Figure 6. including workstations. but because they are not on the network. To configure the entire office with desktops and laptops. AFS uses Xerox printers. For laptops.8 million for HP. They have two options for desktops: Dell OptiPlex 390 running Windows 7. The cost includes monitors and docking stations or port replicators for the laptops. Accounting & Financial Services Corp. two file servers. The email server will be located in the location’s DMZ. The only difference is that the accounting & finance department and the sales & marketing department each have two database servers. Figure 7. . AFS HQ Department LAN Diagrams Branch Offices LANs at AFS branch offices will have similar configurations to those at AFS HQ. Network Design Proposal | 17 All of the LANs are configured basically the same. On the LAN level. and two print servers. the departments at AFS HQ will have the same design and structure as those at branch offices. All other required network services will be provided by the servers at HQ. The only difference is that the accounting & finance department and the All of the network LANs are configured basically the same. but branch office MDFs will only house two servers: the domain controller and the email server. OH branch office MDF will look like logically. which will be connected to the router. Server Room. where it will connect to its L2 switch.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. The router will connect to the WAN. Other branch offices will not have the firewall or the traffic anomaly detector. Other branch offices will have a slightly different configuration because Dublin will contain the network redundancy. The following diagram shows what the Dublin. Cable will run from that patch panel to a patch panel in the MDF. Figure 8. AFS Branch Office DMZ. The L2 switch will be connected to an L3 switch. Network Design Proposal | 18 All LAN workstations will be connected to a patch panel located on the same floor as the department. Main Distribution Facility Diagram . an IPS. branch office department LANs will each have their own database. Figure 9. Branch office department LANs will have DMZs that contain the email server. and a traffic anomaly detector. Much like the department LANs at HQ. Therefore that office will have a firewall.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. Network Design Proposal | 19 Important Points: The Dublin office will contain network redundancy. AFS Branch Office Department LAN Diagrams . Others branch offices will not. file and print servers. 15.255.x. IP Addressing Given that AFS was assigned a Class B block of IP addresses (150.15. and print server.0/20 150. VA (HQ) DUBLIN.0/20 150. OH GREENSBORO. The IP addresses would increase at intervals of 16.0 or 150. CO BURBANK.0/20 150.15. With that subnet mask.0/20 .15. the first location’s IP address would be 150. AFS Location IP Addresses LOCATION FAIRFAX. the x network needed to be divided into seven segments.80.0/20 150.112. CA SEATTLE.16. Table 3. a second panel and switch will need to be added.15.15. The IP addresses for the seven locations are shown in the table below.x) and that the company had seven locations.240. file.15. WA OMAHA.15.0/20. Network Design Proposal | 20 Figure 10. AFS Branch Office Department LAN Diagram Important Points: Each department has its own database.0/20 150.Accounting & Financial Services Corp.x.15.48. the correct subnet mask would be 255.0. If the departments grow beyond 48 network devices.96.64. NC DENVER.32.16. Branch office departments will only require one patch panel and switch.15. Using the equation 2 -2 ≥ y.0/20 150. NE IP ADDRESS 150. 15.113.0/24.15.15.0/24 150.33.15.97.15.96.15.15.0/20 150. Table 4.0/24 150.15.50.255.0/24 150.0/24 150.15.15.0/24 150.0/24 150.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. Using the equation above.15.34.0/24 150.0/24 150.0/24 150.0/24 150.35.15.15.0/24 150. the subnets would need to be further divided.52.0/20 150.98.83.0.15.68.64.0/24 150.112.16.20.114.15.15.15.84. AFS Department IP Addresses LOCATION FAIRFAX (HQ) EXEC.0/20 150.19.15.112.15.100.15.0/24 150.0/24 150.0/24 150.48.17.0/24 150.15.15.0/20 150.15.0/24 150.15.82.15.0/24 150. Network Design Proposal | 21 AFS has seven departments at its headquarters and five departments at each of the remaining six branch offices.0/24 150.22.80.36.0/24 150. we would need to take four more bits from the host ID for the network ID.0/20 150.18. which is more than enough to meet AFS’s needs and potential future expansion.15.21.32.0/24 150.0/24 150.0/24 150.255.0/20 150.15.0/24 150.66.49. That gives us 254 hosts per subnet.0/24 150.81.0/24 150.32.15.48. Therefore.0/24 150.15.0/24 150.15.64.15. which would result in a subnet mask of 255.0/24 150.80.67.15.0/20 150.15.15.0/24 150.15.0/24 150.0/24 150.15.15.15.15.0/24 150.15.0 or 150.99.65. IT DEPT ACCT & FIN DEPT HR DEPT SALES & MKTG DEPT CUST SVC DEPT LEGAL DEPT DUBLIN ACCOUNTING DEPT FINANCE DEPT HR DEPT SALES & MKTG DEPT CUST SVC DEPT GREENSBORO ACCOUNTING DEPT FINANCE DEPT HR DEPT SALES & MKTG DEPT CUST SVC DEPT DENVER ACCOUNTING DEPT FINANCE DEPT HR DEPT SALES & MKTG DEPT CUST SVC DEPT BURBANK ACCOUNTING DEPT FINANCE DEPT HR DEPT SALES & MKTG DEPT CUST SVC DEPT SEATTLE ACCOUNTING DEPT FINANCE DEPT HR DEPT SALES & MKTG DEPT CUST SVC DEPT OMAHA ACCOUNTING DEPT FINANCE DEPT HR DEPT SALES & MKTG DEPT IP ADDRESS 150.0/24 .15.15.96.0/24 150.15.51.16. the “4” refers to the Customer Service Department. AFS Headquarters was configured similarly. The web server is located at HQ. where the second domain controller was assigned the fourth IP address. No other locations have web servers. Layer 3 switches used to connect the core layer to the distribution layer were assigned the second IP address.2. AFS headquarters has two domain controllers.16. FTP. file servers end in .15. POP. IP’s were assigned consistently across all branch offices so that IT staff can identify the branch office. just as they do at the branch offices. Email servers were assigned to the fourth IP address. the technician could look at “84.Accounting & Financial Services Corp. SSL NetBIOS TCP. and print servers end in .9. the Fairfax router is 150. DHCP. SMTP. as HQ has more servers than the branch offices. with the exception of AFS HQ.15.115. For example. RTP(optional) MIME. ICMP.15. the following Apple protocols will be required. 1000BASE-FX Because the sales & marketing department will employ graphic designers who will use Mac Pros.3.15.8 and .0/24 IP addresses were assigned consistently across the network.0/24 150. Network Design Proposal | 22 CUST SVC DEPT 150.5. Table 5. including the protocols required for the software they chose.10” and know that the “8” refers to Burbank. Ethernet. OSPF IEEE 802. SNMP.15. .80. with a scope within their subnet.10 was experiencing problem. routers were all assigned the first IP of the location. DNS. For example.84.15. Domain controllers were assigned the third IP address at each location. OSI Model & Protocols Used OSI MODEL LAYERS APPLICATION LAYER PRESENTATION LAYER SESSION LAYER TRANSPORT LAYER NETWORK LAYER DATA LINK LAYER PHYSICAL LAYER PROTOCOLS USED HTTP.15. Telnet. an d the type of server by the IP address.95. which in the case of Fairfax is 150. CA (IP addresses 150.16. the HQ email server is assigned to the fifth address: 150.12. For example. the department. UDP IP. ARP 100BASE-TX. At HQ.116. RDP. TLS. and was assigned the sixth IP address. Workstations would be assigned IP addresses dynamically.1 – 150.11.11 and . so the fourth address was assigned to the second domain controller. if the server with the IP address 150. and that the “10” refers to a file server.15.16.254). OSI Model The table below lists all of the network services and protocols that AFS will use. but it could not be exactly the same.10 and . database servers end in .1. As a result. optical cable DATA LINK LAYER PHYSICAL LAYER Cost To install configuration one. That cost would include hardware. Omnitron GX/TM media converter. . and network equipment. Non-network hardware for branch offices would cost $387k under configuration one. Network Design Proposal | 23 Table 6. Cisco 2951 router. Cat 5e cable. the cost of laying cable would account for 64% of the total cost of the network. while configuration two would cost $599k. Ethernet port. software. It would cost $365k under configuration two. Non-network hardware (workstations) would cost $625k for AFS HQ under configuration one. OSI Model & Hardware Used OSI MODEL LAYERS APPLICATION LAYER PRESENTATION LAYER SESSION LAYER TRANSPORT LAYER NETWORK LAYER HARDWARE USED Web browser SQL software application TCP/IP software Cisco 3750x switch. In configuration two. OSI Model & Apple Protocols Used OSI MODEL LAYERS APPLICATION LAYER PRESENTATION LAYER SESSION LAYER TRANSPORT LAYER NETWORK LAYER DATA LINK LAYER PHYSICAL LAYER APPLE PROTOCOLS USED AFP AFP AEP DDP AARP Ethernet driver The table below is a breakdown of all the hardware AFS’s network will use mapped to its OSI model layer.2 million. In configuration one. Most of that cost would come from laying cable for the wide-area-network. Installation of configuration two would cost $15. Cisco ASA 5505 firewall. AFS would have to spend $14.4 million. Realtek Ethernet NIC (included w/ desktops).Accounting & Financial Services Corp. the cost of laying cable would account for nearly 60% of the total cost of the network. TCP/IP software Cisco 3560x switch. Table 7. 275 $355. 2 $599.159 $1.288 $500.136 $387.136 $387.751 Software for the entire network would cost $750k for configuration one at HQ. network hardware would cost between $315k and $2.284 $15.895 $1. At branch offices. 2 $52. Non-Network Hardware Cost LOCATION FAIRFAX DUBLIN GREENSBORO DENVER BURBANK SEATTLE OMAHA CONFIG.073 $572.986 CONFIG.439 CONFIG.657 $2. 1 $624.184 $365. software configuration one will cost $372k while software configuration two will cost $368k. routers.566. Configuration two would cost $724k.136 $387.567.136 CONFIG.576. 1 $56.184 Network hardware (including switches.538 $2. network hardware would cost $52k.624 .136 $387.184 $365.399 $1. Under configuration two.184 $365. media converters.482.6 million for configuration one. depending on distance.782 $14.088 $312.370. firewalls.202 $365.173.804. Network Equipment Cost LOCATION FAIRFAX DUBLIN GREENSBORO DENVER BURBANK SEATTLE OMAHA CONFIG. Table 10.305. 1 EQUIPMENT TOTAL SOFTWARE TOTAL TOTAL COST $11.184 $365.939.125. At branch offices.184 $365.988.672 $2.320 $2.724 $387.136 $387.Accounting & Financial Services Corp.844 $1. and racks) would cost $57k for configuration one. Total Network Cost CONFIG. cable.596. Network Design Proposal | 24 Table 8. it would cost between $355k and $3 million. depending on distance to HQ.889.339 $2.668. Table 9. 2 $12.366 $2. For configuration two. p. N. Web.co. pag.d.2. “Learn To Subnet. 27 January 2008.ciscopress.asp?p=169686&seqNum=3> “Network Design for Small Business. pag. N. 3.” OneStopClick.. 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