Report on Summer Training

REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING-2011S.N o. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Introduction Topic Page No. 3 3 4 5 6 6 Salient Features of the Project S-14 Project Scope details Plant and Equipment available on site Good practices at Project S-14 Basic Steps involved in Construction Practices Submitted by: Siddhartha Sharma I.D.No: 36281 Civil Engineering CONTENTS REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING-2011 2 INTRODUCTION During the month of June and July, I completed my compulsory Summer Training at DLF Utilities Ltd., Gurgaon. It was a good experience as I was able to witness the various construction practices that are carried out in the modern age and time. My Training period was divided into two phases. The first half required me to be on the site and learn all the activities that are carried out to change the structural drawings into structures. The second half of my time was spent at the corporate office, where I was introduced to the whole concept of ‘How does it all really start?’ The construction was already in full swing, at building no. S-14, when I started my training at the site, where a multi-storey commercial building was being constructed. It was being built in four stages, of which two had already been built and handed over to the concerned buyers. The third block was also almost complete with the terrace being the only thing left to complete the ‘shell’ of the REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING-2011 3 building. The ‘core’, Lift lobby, still had a lot of work left. The fourth block had a few more floors to be built and so a lot of work was still to be done. The tentative date of the completion of the project is March, 2012. The second part of my training allowed me to gather knowledge about the entire process involved in changing a concept into reality. The elements that are required to carry out the whole process, starting with a Site visit, Architectural & Structural Drawings, Quantity survey, Contract & Billing (Preliminary), Scheduling & Planning, Finishing works and finally monitoring. My training commenced on 15th June and ended on 15th July, 2011. In this report all the details regarding various practices that I saw at the site have been included. SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT • • • • Plot Area: Built up Area: Saleable Area: Type of Structure: 8.89 Acre 3.16 MN Sq.ft 2.02 MN Sq.ft SEZ, Commercial Extended Basement (3B), Energy Center, Underground water tanks (Flush Water Tank, Soft Water Tank, Fire Tank, Raw Water Tank, and Domestic Water Tank). Block wise detail of the number of stories in each block: TOWER – A TOWER – B TOWER – C TOWER – D 3B+G+3P+6 3B+G+3P+13 3B+G+3P+15 3B+G+3P+16 • • • Client Name: Architect: Structural Consultant: M/S DLF Universal Limited Hafeez Contractor EIGEN Technical Services Pvt. REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING-2011 4 Ltd. • • • • Contractor: Contract Value (Original): Contract Value (Revised): Original Contract Duration: Intent Type of Contract: Contractual Date of commencement: DT Projects Limited 70 Crore 155 Crore 26 Month from the letter of Cost Plus for Block-A & B and Item rate • • 12th July, 2007 31st March, 2012 • • Actual Date of Commencement: 12th July, 2007 Expected date of Completion: PROJECT SCOPE DETAILS Total Excavation: Total Re-inforced Cement Concrete (R.C.C.): Total Reinforcement: Total Shuttering: Total Brickwork: Total Plaster: 400000 Cu.M 179525 Cu.M 29283 MT 568400 Sq.M 21174 Cu.M 235172 Sq.M PLANT AND EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE ON SITE • TOWER-CRANE MC 115 B: 01 REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING-2011 5 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • TOWER-CRANE MC 205 B: CONCRETE PUMP BP 350 DX: CONCRETE PUMP BP 1800: BACKHOE LOADER JCB 3DX: TRACTOR WITH TROLLEY: MATERIAL HOIST (WICKAM): TRANSIT MIXER: FLATBED TRUCK: BAR BENDING M/C: BAR CUTTING M/C: AIR COMPRESSOR - 300 CFM: BATCHING PLANT CP-60: FREQUENCY CONVERTER 2 OUTLET: FREQUENCY CONVERTER 4 OUTLET: WELDING RECTIFIER: WELDING TRANSFORMER: DG SET 250 KVA: DG SET 160 KVA: DG SET 125 KVA: DG SET 62.5 KVA: 01 04 01 03 01 01 03 02 04 01 04 02 03 03 03 02 02 03 02 01 GOOD PRACTICES AT S-14 ⇒ Promoting mix design with fly ash. ⇒ Conservation of bulk material debris within the project by ⇒ Utilization of concrete debris in Temporary Roads and Yard developments. ⇒ Utilization of broken bricks in brick ‘coba’ waterproofing. ⇒ Using of MS cantilever plat forms for material shifting through Tower crane. REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING-2011 6 ⇒ Improving site logistics by completing the non-tower area’s, extended basements and under ground water tanks on priority. ⇒ Using of Doka jumping form to reduce the slab cycle and timely completion of lift shafts and machine rooms. ⇒ Initiating measures during design stage itself for reuse of available structural steel elements mobilized for temporary works in main jobs like chiller plat forms, structural steel back light supports, louvers etc. ⇒ Promoting LAFOR system for Energy Center 15m height GF slab to achieve better quality with safety. BASIC STEPS INVOLVED IN CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES The entire process from conceptualization of a structure to its final erection on the land, involves a lot of steps that are to be carried out in order so as to be able to accomplish the task. A lot of aspects need to be taken care of for carrying out different activities associated with the project. The important steps with details have been mentioned here. 1. Conceptualization: The type of structure that has to be built with the purpose that it is meant for has to be decided by the ‘Client’ or the ‘Owner’ of the building. According to the needs, requirements and the purpose of the building the design of the building is decided upon. However, amongst all this the most important thing to be remembered is the budget of the entire project. As, it acts as the most fundamental guideline for the whole project. 2. Site assessment: The site should be visited to carry out a preliminary survey of the basic details of the site. They may include, the geographical directions, soil quality (a basic idea), accessibility to the site, etc. 3. Quantity Survey: After the above two steps a survey is carried out to provide a rough estimate of the quantities of concrete, brickwork, formwork, etc. that would be used in the entire project. Thus, an estimated cost of the project is worked out. If the cost exceeds the given budget the structure of the building is revised. Usually in multistorey building quantity survey is carried out with the help of ‘Good For Construction’ drawings. In small-scale projects like personal homes, the Quantity Surveyor uses his past experience to estimate the required REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING-2011 7 quantities. 4. Contract: This is the most important legal document that governs an entire project. It is an agreement between the client and the contractor that carries all the details related with the project. It includes each and every detail regarding all the work that is to be carried out at the site. Once the concerned people have signed it only then can the work be carried out. 5. Soil Testing: All the necessary tests are carried out as mentioned in the IS Codes, by the concerned firm or lab. The head of the organization, carrying out the tests, should then submit a detailed report. Usually the foundation type is also recommended by the same organization. The results are used further in deigning of the superstructure. 6. Architectural & Structural Drawings: These acts as the guideline for the contractor who carries out the construction at the site. They should therefore, have all the details regarding the dimensions of the structural elements, clearly mentioned in it. Different types of drawings required at the site are (some general drawings): • General Arrangement of every level • Beam Detailing • Slab Detailing • Column Detailing • Column Layout • Staircase Detailing 7. Structural Analysis of the proposed structure: A structural engineer analyses the entire structure as proposed by the architect through the ‘Structural Drawings’. The entire design has to be analysed thoroughly, with the basic design features being fulfilled. 8. Planning & Scheduling: This is a very important aspect as far as multi-storey projects are concerned. A schedule is worked out by the planner determining the time of completion of various activities on site. A lot of factors need to be kept in mind when planning the time duration for different activities. Labour output, Plant and Machinery availability, Site conditions, etc. determine the scheduling. A detailed knowledge about site works assists in working out the schedule. It then also assists in monitoring of the progress of construction activities from time to time. 9. Billing: This is another very important aspect in civil engineering projects. Billing is done at every step of construction phase and plays the role of keeping in check the expenses. Even the minutest of details are included and a very detailed account of all the expenditure is prepared. ‘Bill of Quantities’ is one of the most important bills. (All the above processes were majorly at the corporate office level. The REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING-2011 8 ones mentioned below are those that are practiced on the site.) 10. Material Procurement: Once the due date for construction has been agreed upon material is bought and stacked in the ‘Store’ at the site. A note of all the incoming and outgoing material is kept at the Store office. Only the required quantity of material is kept in the stock, in order to reduce wastage to a bare minimum. An audit is carried out from time to time to keep a check of all the activities at store level. 11. Quality Control: Before the material can be given a nod to be accepted and kept in the stock for its use in construction, a proper testing of the material has to be carried out. All the major tests are carried out in accordance with the IS Codes. A report is also prepared by the concerned in-charge and if the material fails to meet the minimum standards it can be returned to the supplier. A few of the tests are: • Compressive Strength Test for Concrete and Bricks. • Sieve Analysis for Coarse and Fine Aggregates. • Impact Test for Coarse Aggregate. • Shear Slump test for Concrete (Workability). • Test for checking Silt content. • Boiling water test for the plywood used in formwork. 12. Plant And Machinery (P&M): This department at the site manages all the machinery being used at site. From transporting it to the required location to maintaining its proper functioning. Batching plant is the most important machinery used at site and requires experienced person for its use. It assists in the production of concrete and therefore takes top priority. All the other equipments used are also equally important and need to be taken good care of. The machines usually used are: • Batching Plant • Transit Mixture • Excavator (JCB) • Concrete Pump • Tower Crane • Hoist • Air Compressor • Vibrator • Concrete Breaker 13. Finishing: This is the last part of construction but requires great skill and expertise. It deals with all the safety features like fire fighting, external façade, plumbing, electrical fittings, AC ducts, False ceiling, etc. It also forms an important part of the entire budget and therefore has to be dealt with carefully. REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING-2011 9 Details of various processes carried out at construction site. FORMWORK RE-INFORCEMENT CONCRETING REPORT ON SUMMER TRAINING-2011 1 0