Synthesis of Insecticide (Carbaryl) Obioma 2003 Correct

SYNTHESIS OF INSECTICIDE (CARBARYL) PRESENTED BY GROUP 19 NWEKE COLLINS C: EKOP INEMESIT E.: OMOLADE FUNMI: ANAEDU OBIOMA: 119041013 119041025 010401090 119041041 IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF PROCESS TECHNOLOGY: CHG 853 FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS IN PROCESS ENGINEERING CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS. JANUARY 2012. INTRODUCTION  Definition: Insecticide is any agent that destroys insects by chemical action. It is classified according to method of application and mode of action.  Stomach Poison applied to the surface of plants, material, kills insect when ingested.  Contact Insecticides is sprayed, kills insect by body contact.  Fumigants are insecticidal gases, kills insects by attacking their respiratory system.  CARBARYL Carbaryl is classified as both stomach and contact insecticide. Carbaryl, C12H11NO2 belongs to carbamate group derived from carbamic acid. It is a wide spectrum insecticide that controls many species of farm, ornamental, livestock, pets and household insects. In mammalians, it has low oral and dermal toxicity It is the most widely used insecticide which decomposes few weeks after application. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES  The molecular formular of carbaryl is C12H11NO2  Molecular weight is 201.24g/gmol  Colourless to white to grey  Odourless crystals  Density of 1.2g/cm3  Melting Point of 142oC  Vapour Pressure of < 0.7 Pa at 25oC  Low solubility in water but highly soluble in organic solvents  It is stable to heat, light and acids under storage condition.  Non corrosive to metals, packaging material and application equipment. PRODUCTION METHODS  Carbaryl can be produced or synthesized from a principal compound known as naphtol-1 (C10H7OH), which reacts with some chemical compounds (reagents) that are mostly toxic in nature. The different routes of carbaryl synthesis are shown below:  Naphthol-1(C10H8O) and phosgene(COCL2) which yields chloroformate (C11H7O2CL) which further treated with (CH3NH2) to carbaryl (C12O11O2N)  Naphthol-1 and methyl isocyanate (C2H3NO)  Naphthol-1 and methylcarbomyl chloride(C2H3NCLOH)  Naphtol-1 and dimethylurea(C3H8 N2O) CHOICE OF ROUTE IN JUSTIFICATION Naphtol-1 with dimethylurea is the least toxic and is cost effective O O C C OH CH3 H3 C N H N H CH3 O N H Heat + CH3NH2 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM Equipment ID No 1. Water Treatment Tank 2. Centrifugal Pump 3. Reactor 1 4. Reactor 2 1 Stream ID No. Water 3 5 2 Methyl Isocyanate 3 1 3 1 4 Carbon Dioxide 4 4 7 Dimethyl Urea 5 Naphtol 1 6 7 2 Methylamine Carboaryl 2 6 USES/ IMPORTANCE  Carbaryl has found greatest use as a turf and commercial crop (cotton, cereals, nuts, pears, citrus etc) insecticide.  It is highly effective against all household insects, especially resistant cockroaches  In suburban yard, it is used to raise and maintain ornamental and shade trees.  Used as molluscide and acaricide.  It is the active ingredient in ‘carylderm’ shampoo for treatment of hair lice.  THANK YOU