Papua New Guinea District and Provincial Profiles NRI The National Research Institute March 2010 i First published in March 2010 Copyright © 2010 The National Research Institute. The National Research Institute’s (NRI) publications are made possible by the support of the Australian Government, through AusAID, who funds most of the NRI’s research activities through a partnership agreement. The NRI is an independent statutory authority established by an Act of Parliament in 1988 and confirmed by the IASER (Amendment) Act 1993. NRI’s main aims are to undertake research into the social, political, economic, educational, legal, environmental, and cultural issues and problems of Papua New Guinea and to formulate practical solutions to these problems. Research results are published in the following NRI publication series: Monographs Discussion Papers Special Publications Occasional Papers Educational Reports Post-Courier Index Bibliographies Additional Publications Direct any inquiries regarding these publications to: The Publications Sales Coordinator National Research Institute P.O. Box 5854 BOROKO. NCD. 111 Papua New Guinea Tel: Fax: E-mail: Website: (675) 326 0300/326 0061 ext. 328 (675) 326 0213
[email protected] www.nri.org.pg ISBN 9980 75 168 1 National Library Service of Papua New Guinea ABCDE 2013210 The opinions expressed in this report are those of the compilers and not necessarily those of the National Research Institute. The NRI takes no responsibility for the accuracy of information presented in national, provincial and district maps that feature in this report. These maps were supplied by the National Mapping Bureau and in many instances they present different information to that which is contained in the profiles themselves. ii Contents Foreword Acknowledgements Introduction Overview of Indicators Glossary of Terms Guide to Data Sources v vi 1 3 10 12 Southern Region 13 Central Province 15 Abau, Goilala, Kairuku Hiri and Rigo Districts Gulf Province 23 Kerema and Kikori Districts Milne Bay Province 29 Alotau, Esa’ala, Kiriwina Goodenough and Samarai Murua Districts National Capital District 37 Moresby North East, Moresby North West and Moresby South Districts Oro Province 43 Ijivitari and Sohe Districts Western Province 49 Middle Fly, North Fly and South Fly Districts Highlands Region 55 Eastern Highlands Province 57 Daulo, Goroka, Henganofi, Kainantu, Lufa, Obura Wonenara, Okapa and Unggai Bena Districts Enga Province 69 Kandep, Kompiam Ambum, LagaipPorgera, Wabag and Wapenamanda Districts Simbu Province 77 Chuave, Gumine, Karimui-Nomane, Kerowagi, Kundiawa, and SinasinaYonggamugl Districts Southern Highlands Province 87 Ialibu Pangia, Imbonggu, Kagua Erave, Komo Margarima, Koroba Lake Kopiago, Mendi, Nipa Kutubu and Tari Pori Districts Western Highlands Province 99 Anglimp South Wahgi, Baiyer Mul , Dei, Hagen, Jimi, North Wahgi, and Tambul Nebilyer Districts iii Contents Momase Region 109 East Sepik Province 111 Ambunti Dreikikir, Angoram, Maprik, Wewak, Wosera Gaui and Yangoru Saussia Districts Madang Province 121 Bogia, Madang, Middle Ramu, Rai Coast, Sumkar and Usino Bundi Districts Morobe Province 131 Bulolo, Finschhafen, Huon Gulf, Kabwum, Lae, Markham, Menyamya, Nawae, and Tewai Siassi Districts Sandaun Province 143 Aitape Lumi, Nuku, Telefomin, and Vanimo Green Districts New Guinea Islands Region Autonomous Region of Bougainville Central Bougainville, North Bougainville and South Bougainville Districts East New Britain Province Gazelle, Kokopo, Pomio, and Rabaul Districts Manus Province & District New Ireland Province Kavieng and Namatanai Districts West New Britain Province Kandrian Gloucester and Talasea District 151 153 159 169 171 177 iv Foreword Vision 2050 is the new roadmap for building a healthier, fairer, smarter and wealthier Papua New Guinea. The central mission of Vision 2050 is for Papua New Guinea to achieve a ranking in the top 50 countries of the United Nations Human Development Index by 2050. This mission is ambitious, but if it can be achieved the rewards for our society will be great. However, the only way this mission will be realized, is if the key social and economic indicators from which the index is developed are carefully monitored over time. More specifically, these and other important indicators must be monitored right down to the district level, because this is the only way policy and funding interventions can be accurately targeted to improve service delivery, achieve concrete improvements to peoples lives as well as improve our development standing in relation to other nations. The objective of this project is simple: to become a central collection point for social and economic indicators that are currently being collected at a district and provincial level by key agencies and stakeholders. In undertaking this project the National Research Institute aims to create a tool that can monitor in detail the performance of districts and provinces around the country, thus giving the nation’s planners and policy-makers an accurate insight into the areas of social and economic development which may be preventing Papua New Guinea from achieving the central mission of Vision 2050. This project is in its infancy. There is much more work to be done to identify those agencies collecting relevant data and to collaborate with those agencies to include that data in this unique monitoring tool. This initial pilot report has been developed to simulate feedback and ultimately inspire collaboration and support. Therefore, in releasing this report, I am making a direct appeal to Members of Parliament, key agencies and other interested community members to give their feedback and input to help to develop this project further. I look forward to the opportunity to explore the future possibilities of this project with all interested stakeholders in Papua New Guinea. Dr Thomas Webster Director National Research Institute v Acknowledgements The following people are gratefully acknowledged for their various contributions to this project: Dr Thomas Webster, Dr Musawe Sinebare, Dr Alphonse Gelu, Linda Duncan, Dr Arnold Kukari, Dr Israel Sembajwe, Dr Helen Cheney and Katherine Wheen formed the project team and devised and developed this project throughout 2009. Katherine Wheen managed the production of this pilot report. Lindsay Kutan, Mathlina Somo and Michael George also made a contribution to data collection and data entry. The printing of this report was made possible with the support of the Australian Government (AusAID) who funds most of NRI’s research activities through a partnership agreement. vi viii Introduction In Papua New Guinea, there are more than 800 languages spoken. More than 80 percent of the population lives in rural areas and some of these areas are extremely remote. With 20 provinces, 89 districts, 313 local-level governments and 6,131 wards the challenges for policy makers and service delivery agencies are substantial. The 1995 reforms to the Organic Law on Provincial Governments and Local-level Governments were significant in relation to decentralization of public administration to the district level in the hope of improved service delivery. An ongoing reform process is expected to simplify administrative arrangements, increase accountability and ensure that funds are spent where they are most needed. It is essential that any reform process is carefully monitored to detect evidence of change. The ability to monitor the progress of policy and administrative reforms is limited unless there is up-to-date, accurate and relevant information that can be disaggregated to the level of the district. This will help governments to better understand the unique needs of each district, to focus on areas most in need and to identify where there are signs of improvement, no change or deterioration. The NRI Provincial and District Profiles have been prepared to draw attention to the need for information at the district level. They provide basic information and establish key socioeconomic indicators related to services at the district level. This will establish a baseline from which individual districts can monitor their progress over time. These profiles can be used by public administrators and policy makers to monitor the progress of districts and to assist in planning and policy development. There have been a number of exercises where information and analysis has been focused at the district level. The Papua New Guinea Rural Development Handbook and the NEFC’s Review of Intergovernmental Financing Arrangements: District Development Index, among others. Although these are useful resources, the NRI believes that much more can be done to collect and publish a broad range of district level indicators related to services and the monitoring of these over time. 1 It is clear that there is limited accessible and up-to-date data and information disaggregated at the district level. For the effective monitoring of changes in service delivery, there needs to be substantial investment in information management across all agencies responsible for services. Improved services will require more effective public administration. In relation to monitoring performance, there will need to be particular attention given to systematic record keeping and timely performance reporting. With a greater emphasis on implementation, reporting, monitoring and evaluation, it is expected that, over time, there will be improved data and information for future versions of this publication. Each district profile contains a map, some general Information regarding the population, geography, government and access to services. There are also specific indicators on education, health and economic activity and it is anticipated that future editions will include indicators on infrastructure. Provincial profiles have also been included as there was found to be important information that could be reported at this level and that provides some additional context to the district profiles. At the same time, it is recognized that provincial-level data do not convey the variability between districts and the distinct development problems related to public administration and service delivery. In preparing the District Profiles NRI has drawn heavily on the 2000 Census and the Rural Development Handbook. This is because the data for each of these sources have been collected nationally, are comparable across districts and are readily available. It is hoped that indicators at the district level can be expanded upon as information management and data collection practices improve and as there is increased pressure on agencies to report on service delivery and to make this information accessible to others. We look forward to your suggestions for how this document could be improved and refined in the future. 2 Overview of Indicators This section is intended as a guide to the indicators chosen for these profiles. It provides a description of the significance of each indicator and what it tells us about the status of development in each of the districts and provinces. Administration and Governance The profiles in each district and province begin with administrative information on the numbers of wards and local-level governments as well as the headquarters for each province or district. In Papua New Guinea, the administrative boundaries are coextensive with electoral boundaries. This is a useful situation when it comes to these profiles, as it is possible to look at political representation directly alongside the development indicators for each unit of government and administration. However, there are also problems associated with having the administrative boundaries linked to electoral boundaries. Administrative boundaries can often be long-standing and rooted in history, while electoral boundaries need to respond to changing demographics. For instance, electoral boundaries should cover approximately equal population units, so that representation is reasonably equal across the country. This is especially important because PNG has single-member districts, that is, only one Member of Parliament represents each district. In reality, this is not the case. Across the country, there is no uniformity on the size (in terms of population) of local-level, district and provincial government jurisdictions. The vested interests in the ‘status quo’ have also made it very difficult for the Electoral Boundaries Commission to successfully change electoral boundaries to bring them more in-line with the demographic characteristics of the country. One challenge in PNG is to get a definitive list of administrative units because the National Statistical Office, the National Mapping Bureau and the Department of Provincial and Local Government Affairs (DPLGA) all have slightly different lists, especially at the local-level government and ward levels. A careful reader will notice that often the district and provincial maps, supplied by the National Mapping Bureau, and the listing of local-level governments, supplied by the DPLGA differ in many districts. This will continue to frustrate any department involved in the collection of statistics until there is some resolution of administrative units, and their names and boundaries, at the national level. The profiles also give some basic information on the political representation within each province and district, by individual and by political party in the period since 2002. This section could be expanded in the future to develop a longer term picture of political governance in each of the districts and provinces. Population Data and Indicators by Age and Sex Population data are disaggregated in each profile by sex and age. This is done for a number of reasons. For example, it is important to know the distribution of population by sex and age: (1) To determine the size of the working age population in relation to that of the children and the elderly (this can help you to assess the degree of dependency in the population); (2) To determine the proportion of females or males in each age group 3 so that planning for facilities and services such as those for health and education is facilitated (e.g. health facilities and services are targeted towards children and females in maternal ages); (3) To have adequate information on the number and sex of the population when deciding on policies and plans that are geared towards gender equality, equity and empowerment; and (4) To know the size and sex of the working age population in relationship to female and male employment or unemployment differences. Population Density Population density measures the number of persons per square kilometre in a given area (e.g. district, province, country). Care should be taken in interpreting population density as a measure of population distribution. Other geographic factors that effect population distribution, such as deserts, mountains, and forests, should be taken into consideration. In these profiles, the density is given per total land area in the district and per occupied land area in the district, to capture this difference and to take into account uninhabitable areas. This shows whether the area is thickly or sparsely populated, and reflects the implication of this on the provision of facilities such as schools and health centres as well as the provision of services for health, education, banking and essential commodities. A more meaningful measure of population distribution, in this respect, is population per arable land or population per agricultural land, which could be included in future profiles. Population Growth The rate of population growth in the same area would indicate the nature of population change taking place, whether the rate of natural increase is high or low in the area, whether people are moving out of the area, or whether apart from the natural rate of increase, people are moving into the area because of different opportunities, especially those related to economic activities and availability of services. Electoral Statistics Electoral participation is an indicator of the extent to which citizens can freely participate in the processes and institutions of democracy. Typically, high levels of participation can be used to indicate the legitimacy of elected officials and the regimes to which they belong. In Papua New Guinea, indicators of electoral participation also give information about the extent to which the electoral process has been impacted by electoral fraud, which has been prevalent, and some would say is growing, in National General Elections. Voter turnout is usually expressed as the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election. In this profile we have used the ‘number of votes cast’ in the 2002 and 2007 elections. This figure represents to the total of formal and informal votes recorded in the counting process. We note that the law does allow some ballots to be excluded from the count if electoral fraud can be demonstrated; therefore in a small number of cases these figures may not represent the total number of eligible voters who cast a ballot in the relevant elections. 4 In addition, and in the provincial profiles only, the numbers of names on the electoral roll for 2002 and 2007 have been provided. This district level data was not available at the time of printing. Where the numbers of votes cast or numbers of names on the roll are substantially higher than the number of eligible voters, it reveals that the results for these elections have been artificially impacted by instances of multiple voting or of ballots being cast by ‘ghost’ voters, who have benefited from an inaccurate and inflated roll. Where figures are lower than the number of eligible voters, this could be indicative of a number of factors including the deliberate disenfranchisement of groups of voters, the existence of some geographic or other barrier that is preventing citizens from freely participating, or even that some groups of voters may be deliberately boycotting elections. These indicators also develop a picture of the effectiveness of initiatives to curb electoral fraud and ensure free and fair elections. For instance, an entirely new electoral roll was developed in 2006, which was intended to eliminate or reduce the numbers of ‘ghost’ voters who were voting in elections. In theory, this new roll should have brought voter participation more in-line with the eligible voting population, as the 2002 Electoral Roll, with 5.3 million names, was substantially inflated. In the districts of Simbu Province, the over-participation of voters in 2002 was pronounced, with numbers of votes cast totalling more than double the number of eligible voters, in some instances. This has been substantially reduced in the roll used in the 2007 Elections and is now more in-line with numbers of eligible voters. By contrast, in Western Highlands Province, specifically in Mt. Hagen, it is clear that the reregistration process was less successful. The number of votes cast is well above the number of eligible voters. At the other end of the scale, in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, the number of votes cast was well below the number of eligible voters in both 2002 and 2007. In addition, because growth rates in PNG are unreliable, we have instead presented the figures for eligible voters in the 2000 census along side the numbers of votes cast in the 2002 and 2007 National General Elections. The average national annual growth rate of 2.7 % would need to be applied to get an estimated idea of eligible voters in 2002 and 2007. Type and Number of Schools Each district and provincial profile shows the number of schools in each level of education, by province and by district, in order to ascertain if there is an adequate supply of space to meet the demand for education. Access and enrolment data seem to suggest that one of the critical factors for the increased number of school-aged children being out of school is the lack of schools. There is an obvious critical shortage of space in all provinces and districts. Net Admission Rate: Students’ Access to Education In Papua New Guinea, access to the first level of education is measured in terms of the proportion of six year old children admitted to elementary prep relative to the population of six year olds, and this measure is described as the net admission rate. 5 The net admission rate is a useful indicator because it tells us not only the number of students with access to Elementary Prep, but more importantly, the number of students being denied access. The data presented show that East Sepik Province has the lowest net admission rate (2.8%) while Central Province has the highest net admission rate (32.7%). In terms of districts, data show that Wosera-Gawi has the lowest net admission rate (0.1%), while Kundiawa has the highest net admission rate (49.4%). Generally, the net admission rates for the provinces and the districts show that a large proportion of children in the population of six year olds do not have access to the first year of formal education. This is caused by the lack of space and qualified teachers, the inability of parents to pay school fees, high incidences of repetition, and the enrolment of over-aged children, amongst other factors. Enrolment Rates: Students’ Participation in Education Enrolment rates are used to measure students’ participation in education as well as help us to identify the number of children enrolled in education as a proportion of the population of related school age. The gross and the net enrolment rates are often used to measure students’ participation in education. The gross enrolment rate has been used here because it helps us to know the exact number of children, regardless of age, who are enrolled from Elementary Prep to Grade 8 and, most importantly, those who are not enrolled. The enrolment data presented here show that the Autonomous Region of Bougainville has the highest gross enrolment rate (109.5%) while Southern Highlands has the lowest gross enrolment rate (51.7%). In terms of the districts, Central Bougainville has the highest gross enrolment rate (130.8%) while Tari has the lowest gross enrolment rate (2.3%). The figures for the Autonomous Region of Bougainville and Central Bougainville suggest that student enrolment in basic education is very high. However, these enrolment rates provide an illusion of high enrolment in basic education. This high enrolment is caused by factors such as the enrolment of a large number of students who are outside the population of related school age (6-14 years of age). The net enrolment rate has been used to measure students’ participation in basic education because firstly, it helps us to know the actual number of pupils in the population of related school age (6-14 year olds) who are in school and, most importantly, those who are not in school. Secondly, it is a good indicator for measuring province’s and districts’ status of progress toward the attainment of the goal of Universal Basic Education. The enrolment data presented indicate that Milne Bay Province has the highest net enrolment rate (69.2%) while Oro Province has the lowest net enrolment rate (38.4%). In terms of districts, Ialibu-Pangia has the highest net enrolment rate (82.4%) while Nipa-Kutubu has the lowest net enrolment rate (25.1%). The data seem to suggest that Milne Bay Province and Ialibu-Pangia District are making good progress towards the attainment of the goal of Universal Basic Education. Infant and Child Mortality Health indicators are usually listed as some of the most important social indicators because they reflect whether a national or local government is making progress in improving the living conditions of its people. 6 The infant mortality rate relates to the environment in which infants are born, how their mothers are taken care of before and after child-birth, and the cultural practices determining how early the infants are exposed to liquids and foods other than their mothers breast milk. In childhood, in relationship to the child mortality rate, the risks to children are extended through the weaning practices and the nutritional quality of food they are given, the shelter in which they are kept, and the hygienic conditions in which they live, as well as prevailing parasitic diseases such as malaria, and communicable diseases such as measles. All this is summed up by the under five child mortality rate which combines all the conditions together. Where the rates are high, the living conditions and service provision are relatively poor compared to where the rates are low. Life Expectancy With regard to indicators such as life expectancy at birth, it is useful to provide them by sex because they reflect biological, health and socioeconomic differences between women and men. For example, it is universally known that women survive longer than men, sometimes by more than two or three years. This margin of differences is a reflection of a special biological advantage which is sometimes increased by the hazardous occupations in which men engage as compared to women, or even be reversed because of the sociocultural conditions in which women in some societies live, that is when they are exposed to violence, hard labour, limited access to health and education facilities and services, poor nutrition, lower status for girls than for boys, limited participation in decisionmaking, and other factors. Overall, life expectancy (or average number of years lived from birth in a particular area) summarizes the mortality conditions and provides an embracing indicator of how health and living conditions in a particular area compare with those in another area. Where life expectancy is higher, the conditions are better than where it is lower. Hence, during distribution of services, facilities and development opportunities, more chances should be given to relatively underprivileged or underserved areas than those which are better served. Population per Health Officer and Health Facility The indicators of population per medical officer, population per nursing officer, population per Aid Post, and population per Health Centre reveal the gaps that exist in the provision of health services in PNG. Hence, during distribution of services, facilities and development opportunities, more emphasis should be given to relatively underprivileged or underserved areas than those which are better served. Such gaps affect the delivery of services such as those related to maternal health, and infant and child immunization programs, and facilitates policymaking and planning for the future. Economic Activity 7 The economic activity in a province or district encompasses all activities whereby an individual or company earns a wage or income from selling goods or services. This section in each of the provincial and district profiles focuses on agricultural activities at a household level because the majority of Papua New Guinea’s population, particularly in rural areas, participates in the cash economy through agriculture. The census data presented in the provincial and district profiles shows the top five agricultural activities in the province or district in 2000, ranked by the proportion of citizen households that engaged in these activities. Also shown is the proportion of households that earned cash income from these same activities. These figures give an indication of the importance of the different crops as a source of food and as a source of income. If there is a dominant crop (one that a much higher percentage of households grow than other crops) this suggests there is little crop diversification. Heavy reliance on a single type of crop, particularly if it is also the main source of income, can mean the effects of a crop failure or a problem with disease or pests (such as the cocoa pod borer) could be disastrous. Where the figures show that a high proportion of households are engaged in agricultural activities for cash, this can indicate there are few other sources of income. People in these districts and provinces are likely to be more vulnerable to the effects of floods, droughts, crop failures and agricultural commodity price fluctuations. What these figures don’t show is the volume or value of the crops produced or the relative importance of these crops compared to other food and income sources. In future editions, other measures of economic activity such as average income, formal employment levels, tax revenue or GDP could be considered to give a more holistic picture of the economic activity within the provinces and districts. Infrastructure The infrastructure in a province or district refers to the network of facilities that supports the community in meeting its economic and social needs. This includes roads, ports, wharves, airstrips, communications and energy distribution networks, and water and waste management systems. Infrastructure is important to connect communities to basic services such as health and education, to improve social cohesion and to facilitate access to markets for participation in economic activities. The level of infrastructure within a province or district can affect both whether a community’s needs are met, and the efficiency and effectiveness in which they are met. In the district profiles, because of constraints in accessing data within the time available to prepare this report, this section is limited to a general description of road networks and access to services. This information has been sourced from the Rural Development Handbook (2001). In future editions, it is hoped that the data can be expanded to capture additional types of infrastructure. In the provincial profiles, the proportion of the population living within five kilometres of a national road and the number of electricity customers has been included in addition to the general description of roads and access to services. 8 The data have been sourced from Food and Agriculture in PNG (2009). In reading the figures for proportion of the population living within five kilometres of a national road, it is important to note that only national roads have been considered, the condition of the roads is not taken into account and the terrain is not factored in as the five kilometres distance is measured in a straight line. However, these figures do provide some indication of a community’s access to services and markets. The distance people have to travel to reach major roads and service centres is an indication of how easy it is for them to access basic services such as health and education. It also signals their ability to participate in economic activities through their access to financial services and markets to buy and/or sell produce. Road networks also enable others to access the community, including delivery of government services, distribution of goods and services, and tourism. The number of electricity customers has been included as an indication of the accessibility of electricity within the provinces. It is acknowledged that this is a crude measure and that the number of customers could reflect the demand for electricity as well as the supply. Access to electricity can improve well-being as it leads to better health care and education services, creates employment opportunities and frees up time for more economically productive (income-earning) opportunities. 9 Glossary of Terms Agricultural Activity Household involvement in growing or raising any of the following either for cash or own use: cocoa, coffee, rubber, oil palm, coconut, betel nut, livestock (cattle, pigs, goats, sheep), poultry, food crops/vegetables/root crops, fish (including crabs and shellfish), any other major crops or livestock. An Aid Post is staffed by a Community Health Worker. It provides a limited range of specified medicines for which the Aid Post staff have been appropriately trained to handle. Curative services are the lowest priority in the range of services provided by an Aid Post, with the emphasis placed on teaching people to take responsibility for their own health. The probability of a child dying between their first and fifth birthdays. A regular household where the head of household is a PNG citizen. A regular household is defined as ‘People who live together in a private dwelling and who share cooking arrangements. Household members may, or may not, be related’. A school with classes from Grade 1 to Grade 6. Number of PNG Power Ltd customers as at April 2009. A school with classes from Prep to Elementary Grade 2. Total number of citizens aged 18 and above. The number of students in a given education cycle expressed as a percentage of the population of six to 14 year olds. The term includes health sub-centres, health centres, rural hospitals and hospitals. A Health Centre supports and supervises Aid Posts and provides services to the community as well as supporting smaller health centres or sub-centres and day/urban clinics with supplies, staff, training and additional health services. It provides a broader range of services than an Aid Post. A Health Sub-Centre provides services similar to those of a Health Centre, but to a limited scale. A school with classes from Grade 7 to Grade 10. The probability of a child dying before their first birthday. Average number of years lived from birth assuming that present age-sex specific death rates remain constant. The percentage of the population who could read and write with understanding at least one of English, Tok Pisin, Motu or Tokples. Local-level Government is the third tier of government under Papua New Guinea’s system of Government, as outlined in the Organic Law on Provincial Governments and Local-level Governments. A Medical Officer is a trained medical doctor registered under the National Medical Board. Aid Post Child Mortality Rate Citizen Households Community School Electricity Customers Elementary School Eligible Voters Gross Enrolment Rate Health Centre Health Sub-centre High School Infant Mortality Rate Life Expectancy Literacy Rate LLG Medical Officer 10 Glossary of Terms Net Admission Rate Net Enrolment Rate Nursing Officer Population Growth Rate Population per Aid Post Population per Health Centre Population per Medical Officer Population per Nursing Officer Primary School Proportion of Population Living within 5km of a National Road Provincial High School Rural Hospital The number of six year olds admitted to Elementary Prep expressed as a percentage of the population of six year olds. The number of students in the 6 to 14 year age group in a given cycle expressed as a percentage of the population of 6 to 14 year olds. A Nursing Officer is a trained nurse registered under the National Medical Board. Annual rate of population change between 1980 and 2000. Total district/province population divided by number of operational aid posts in a district/province. Total district/province population divided by the number of subhealth centres, health centres, and hospitals in a district/province. Total district/province population divided by the number of medical officers in a district/province. Total district/province population divided by the number of nursing officers in a district/province. A school with classes from Grade 3 to Grade 8. The percentage of people living in the Province who live within five kilometres of a national road, as measured by a straight line and not taking into account terrain. A school with classes from Grade 7 to Grade 10. A rural hospital is a health facility with at least one medical officer. It has fewer staff and provides a more limited range of services than a hospital. A school with classes from Grade 9 to Grade 12. A service centre refers to the nearest location with any level of services or administrative functions available. A ‘major’ service centre either a provincial capital or urban centre with more than 1,000 people. All persons falling within the scope of the 2000 Census. This includes usual residents and all other persons present at the time of census. Includes any travel on foot, boat or by vehicle. It does not include air travel. The probability of a child dying between birth and their fifth birthday. An Urban Clinic provides day services in urban areas similar to those provided by a Health Centre in rural areas. A training centre offering vocational skills courses to post-primary school students. The smallest unit of governance in Papua New Guinea. Typically, it comprises of four to five villages who are represented by a single Ward Councillor. Secondary School Service Centre Total Population Travel Under 5 Mortality Rate Urban Clinic Vocational School Ward 11 Guide to Data Sources General Information Maps supplied by the National Mapping Bureau Administration Papua New Guinea Local-level Government Gazette, 15 January 2007. With the exception of Autonomous Region of Bougainville, this is from the Census (2000), TRS System, National Statistical Office. NOTE: As the National Mapping Bureau uses a different data set to the Department of Provincial and Local-level Governent Affairs, certain ward and LLG names, their spelling, and in some cases, the land boundaries differ to the information given in the column to the left. This difference is beyond the control of the National Research Institute. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households Census (2000), TRS System, National Statistical Office Female (%) About each province and/or district The paragraph on geography is summarised from the information on each province and district in Hanson et al. (2001) Papua New Guinea Rural Development Handbook. The paragraph on governance is based on data collected by the NRI. The paragraph on economic activity is summarised from the information on each province and district in Hanson et al. (2001) Papua New Guinea Rural Development Handbook. The paragraph on transport access is summarised from the information on each province and district in Hanson et al. (2001) Papua New Guinea Rural Development Handbook. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² (occupied area) Calculated by NRI Hanson et al. (2001) Papua New Guinea Rural Development Handbook Electoral statistics Eligible voters Votes cast (2002) Votes cast (2007) 2002 and 2007 Electoral Roll Census (2000), TRS System, National Statistical Office Results from the PNG Electoral Commission Data collected by NRI and based on some data supplied by PNG Electoral Commission PNG Electoral Commission Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): Census (2000), TRS System, National Statistical Office Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational Schools Census (2007) Department of Education Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts Department of Health (2000), National Inventory of Health Facilities Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Fishing Rubber Poultry *of total citizen households %* engaged for cash Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers Department of Health (2000), National Inventory of Health Facilities Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate Schools Census (2007) Department of Education Census (2000), TRS System, National Statistical Office Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 years Infant: under 1 year Child: 1-4 years Department of Health (2000), National Inventory of Health Facilities Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road PNG Power (Correct at April 2009) Bourke and Harwood, eds. (2009), Food and Agriculture in Papua New Guinea Literacy rate (%) Total Male Female Life expectancy (years) Total Male Female Census (2000), TRS System, National Statistical Office Census (2000), TRS System, National Statistical Office 12 Southern Region 13 14 Central Province 15 16 Central Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Port Moresby Number of districts: 4 - Abau, Goilala, KairukuHiri, Rigo Number of LLGs: 13 Number of wards: 205 About Central Central Province occupies the southern side of the Owen Stanley Ranges and the area of coast from Bereina in the north to Gaire Village in the south. The provincial member is Mr. Alphonse Moroi, of the Rural Development Party. This is his second term. People living near Bereina can earn a high income from the sale of food and betel nut, while those in reasonable proximity to Port Moresby can earn moderate incomes selling food and other goods at markets. People in the more remote areas of Goilala and Abau have low potential environments and earn low incomes. Many people commute to earn non-agricultural wage incomes in and around Port Moresby. A road runs along the length of the province, and areas around Port Moresby are also well served by roads. Another road leads up to the Sogeri Plateau and the start of the Kokoda Track. However, Goilala district and the east of Abau district have very few roads. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 183983 77376 100896 5711 29742 52.2 53.0 51.5 52.2 Female (%) 47.8 47.0 48.5 47.8 Electoral statistics 29998 6890 6.1 26.7 Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 94491 94576 191496 99827 151932 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.3 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 375 77 129 6 5 3 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 29 76 6344 2421 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Fishing Livestock 62 47 15 75.3 57.0 53.0 36.3 34.7 %* engaged for cash 13.7 27.6 10.0 9.5 7.7 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 48 n/a 3833 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 32.7% 77.8% 58.3% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 72.1 Male 75.4 Female 68.6 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 3182 63.0 Life expectancy (years) Total 56.4 Male 56.2 Female 56.7 17 Abau District General Information Administration District headquarters: Abau Number of LLGs: 3 - Amazon Bay Rural, Aroma Rural, Cloudy Bay Rural Number of wards: 40 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 38378 16165 20795 1418 5923 51.6 52.6 50.7 53.7 Female (%) 48.4 47.4 49.3 46.3 About Abau Abau district is located in the south east of Central Province. The district covers the coastal areas west of Milne Bay and the mountains and valleys of the Owen Stanley Ranges. The district member is Sir Puka Temu of the National Alliance Party. He is the current Deputy Prime Minister. He won this seat in 2002, however, the election was subsequently annulled. He then faced and won a by-election in 2004. There is potential for increased agricultural activities in the coastal plains of the district, especially north of Kupiano, and incomes are high from food sales in the Cape Rodney land settlement area. However, the population living in the coastal swamps and in isolated mountain areas earn low incomes from food, fishing, betel nut, coconut and coffee. The land in these areas has poor agricultural potential. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 7124 1201 5.4 32.0 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 19613 21035 22365 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 83 15 29 2 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 9 n/a 4264 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Fishing Betel nut Livestock 81.3 75.7 55.4 55.2 30.2 %* engaged for cash 9.2 16.0 12.0 15.2 4.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 22 7676 1744 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 8.7%b 71.7%b 52.8%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access An unsurfaced road leads from Kupiano to Kwikila and from there a sealed road runs to Port Moresby. There are some minor roads in the district, however, water transport is common for travel to Milne Bay and to Port Moresby. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 78.4 Male (%) 81.4 Female (%) 75.3 18 Goilala District General Information Administration District headquarters: Tapini Number of LLGs: 3 - Guari Rural, Tapini Rural, Woitape Rural Number of wards: 23 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 27345 11484 14980 881 5464 51.9 53.7 50.1 58.3 Female (%) 48.1 46.3 49.9 41.7 About Goilala Goilala District is located in the northern inland area of Central Province, bordering both Morobe and Oro Provinces, and covers the mountains and valleys of the Owen Stanley Ranges. The district member is Mr. Mathew Poia, of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Fabienne Savo Inne. Woitape Rural LLG, in this district, is one of only four Local-level Governments in PNG to have a female president. Incomes are moderate and agricultural potential is high in the lower valleys where transportation to markets is available. The upper valleys have low incomes and low agricultural potential because of their steep slopes and poor weather conditions. There is a gold mining operation at Tolukuma, north of Woitape, however, it has little influence on the incomes of the rural population. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 7587 1684 3.6 16.2 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 14234 13287 n/a Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 59 26 8 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 4 n/a 6836 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Betel nut Poultry 76.2 74.6 70.4 60.1 32.7 %* engaged for cash 9.4 20.2 62.7 26.2 4.1 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 8 3906 3418 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 10.7%b 57.4%b 42.0%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The only road in the district is in poor condition and leads from the Hiritano Highway to Tapini. Graded tracks link to Woitape, Guari and other small towns. Parts of the district would require more than eight hours travel to Port Moresby. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 24.7 Male (%) 30.3 Female (%) 18.7 19 Kairuku-Hiri District General Information Administration District headquarters: Bereina/Konedobu Number of LLGs: 4 - Hiri Rural, Kairuku Rural, Koiari Rural, Mekeo Rural Number of wards: 75 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 78784 33007 43668 2109 11670 52.7 52.8 52.7 52.5 Female (%) 47.3 47.2 47.3 47.5 About Kairuku-Hiri Kairuku-Hiri district surrounds Port Moresby and stretches from Gulf Province to Gaire Village, south east of Port Moresby. The inland areas in the Owen Stanley Range include the Sogeri Plateau and the area surrounding the Kokoda Track. The district member is Mr. Paru Aihi, a member of the PNG Party. The long-term member before 2007 was Sir Moi Avei. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 10215 2003 7.7 39.3 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 40408 38759 38964 Port Moresby markets offer high income-earning opportunities for the sale of food and betel nut, however there is also strong population pressure on the flood plains around Bereina and in the settlement areas north of Port Moresby, with high intensity cultivation being practised on land with a poor potential for agriculture. The most disadvantaged communities are those living along the Kokoda Track. The land surrounding these communities has poor agricultural potential and there is poor access to services. Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 131 10 60 2 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 26 n/a 3030 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Betel nut Fishing Livestock 71.3 56.2 52.2 42.9 29.7 %* engaged for cash 14.7 9.2 34.3 12.4 6.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 12 18 6565 4377 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 19.2%b 79.8%b 60.8%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A sealed road runs the length of the district and up to Sogeri. Sea transport along the coast is common. The most remote people, along the Kokoda Track, can require more than one day's travel to reach Port Moresby. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 81.5 Male (%) 83.9 Female (%) 78.9 20 Rigo District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kwikila Number of LLGs: 3 - Rigo Central Rural, Rigo Coastal Rural, Rigo Inland Rural Number of wards: 67 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 39476 16720 21453 1303 6685 51.9 53.3 50.8 54.1 Female (%) 48.1 46.7 49.2 45.9 About Rigo Rigo District is located in the south east of Central Province, and stretches from the coast up into the Owen Stanley Ranges on the border of Oro Province. The district member is Mr. Ano Pala, a member of the National Alliance Party and a Parliamentary Secretary for Lands and Physical Planning and Mining. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Anderson Vele. There are low incomes available from agriculture on the coast, as a long dry season makes the coastal plains unsuitable for intensive agricultural activity. However, many people commute to Port Moresby to earn an income. The most disadvantaged people are those living in the Owen Stanley Ranges who live on land that has a low potential for cultivation and are remote from services. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 5072 2002 7.8 19.7 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 20236 21503 22975 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 102 26 32 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 9 n/a 4386 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Betel nut Fishing Livestock 76.0 69.7 64.4 30.9 14.8 %* engaged for cash 19.5 13.7 28.2 8.8 1.9 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 28 7895 1410 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 16.2%b 83.5%b 62.6%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A sealed road runs through Rigo from Kwikila to Port Moresby. Some villages in the Owen Stanley Ranges are very remote, requiring more than one day’s travel to reach Port Moresby. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 80.4 Male (%) 83.6 Female (%) 76.9 21 22 Gulf Province 23 24 Gulf Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Kerema Number of districts: 2 - Kerema, Kikori Number of LLGs: 10 Number of wards: 150 About Gulf The Gulf of Papua dominates the centre of Gulf Province, which stretches along the southern coast of the mainland. The Great Papuan Plateau lies in the west of the province while a number of rivers including the Turama, Kikori and Purari all converge in a large delta area on the coast. The Albert and Stanithorp Ranges are in the east of the province. The provincial member is Mr. Havila Kave, a member of the People’s National Congress Party. The three-term member before Female 2007 was Chris Haiveta. (%) Some high incomes can be made from selling food and betel nut 48.1 47.5 48.5 48.1 in the markets in Port Moresby, otherwise most incomes in the province are low to moderate. Some forestry operations and the Kikori-Kutubu Oil pipeline provide limited wages. Income-earning opportunities could increase with the Liquefied Natural Gas Project. A road runs from Kerema to Port Moresby, but the quality is poor between Kerema and Malalaua. Instead, many people use sea transport, often in dangerous conditions. New road developments around Kikori and leading up to Lake Kutubu in Southern Highlands will serve the planned Liquefied Natural Gas Project, which may increase transport infrastructure in the area. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 106898 47268 57602 2028 17043 51.9 52.5 51.5 51.9 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 34472 5688 3.1 18.8 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 52333 47545 105912 49474 68509 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.6 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 154 54 58 4 2 4 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 23 57 4648 1875 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Fishing Poultry 160 103 57 73.7 70.0 53.1 44.8 23.0 %* engaged for cash 11.7 35.2 12.3 11.5 4.2 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 4 87 26725 1229 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.5% 57.6% 41.8% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 56.9 Male 62.5 Female 50.9 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 411 23.8 Life expectancy (years) Total 46.4 Male 46.3 Female 46.6 25 Kerema District General Information Administration District headquarters: Malalaua/Kerema Number of LLGs: 6 - Central Kerema Rural, East Kerema Rural, Kaintiba Rural, Kerema Urban, Kotidanga Rural, Lakekamu-Tauri Rural Number of wards: 74 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 65498 29307 34912 1279 11075 52.0 52.6 51.5 51.8 Female (%) 48.0 47.4 48.5 48.2 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 7318 3095 9.0 21.2 About Kerema Kerema District borders Central Province in the east and Morobe Province in the north. It stretches across the Albert and Stanithorp ranges and the Tauri and Lakekamu rivers. The district member is Mr. Titus Bombom, who ran for elections as an independent candidate but is now a member of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Ekis Ropenu. The river plains and valleys of the district have a moderate to high potential for agriculture, but are subject to flooding. Some incomes are derived from the sale of food and betel nut locally and in markets in Port Moresby, and some wage employment and royalties are available from forestry. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 31818 29200 31057 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 84 26 30 3 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 63 32749 1040 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Fishing Coffee 76.5 71.0 41.2 35.4 29.2 %* engaged for cash 8.6 34.6 5.6 7.6 27.7 Number and population per facility Health centres 16 27 4094 2426 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.6%b 51.7%b 39.7%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road runs from Kerema to Port Moresby, however, very poor conditions from Malalaua onwards see many prefer to travel the distance by water, in dangerous seas. There is no road linking the north of the district. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 55.3 Male (%) 59.8 Female (%) 50.6 26 Kikori District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kikori Number of LLGs: 4 - Baimuru Rural, East Kikori Rural, Ihu Rural, West Kikori Rural Number of wards: 76 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 41400 17961 22690 749 5968 51.9 52.3 51.6 51.9 Female (%) 48.1 47.7 48.4 48.1 About Kikori Kikori District encompasses the Great Papuan Plateau and the valleys of the Turama, Kikori and Purari Rivers, which all form a large, common delta on the coast. The district member is Mr. Mark Maipakai, a member of the National Alliance Party. He is the current Minister for Labour and Industrial Relations. This is his second term. Moderate potential for agriculture in some of the district's valleys is still constrained by flooding, while the delta area has very low potential for agricultural activity. Income opportunities exist for food production for markets in Port Moresby. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 27154 2593 1.5 16.0 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 20515 17800 18479 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 70 28 28 1 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 24 20700 1725 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Betel nut Fishing Poultry 75.2 68.5 68.2 62.3 32.9 %* engaged for cash 24.9 17.4 36.3 18.8 6.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 30 5914 1380 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.2%b 66.9%b 45.2%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A privately built road runs between Lake Kutubu and Kikori and more is anticipated to support the Liquefied Natural Gas Project. At present, there are no roads linking the valleys in the district. Water transport throughout the delta is common. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 59.5 Male (%) 67.0 Female (%) 51.5 27 28 Milne Bay Province 29 30 Milne Bay Province General Information Administration About Milne Bay Milne Bay Province covers the southern tip of Papua New Guinea's mainland, from the end of the Owen Stanley Ranges to Provincial headquarters: Alotau the coastal plains, as well as many small and large island groups Number of districts: 4 - Alotau, Esa’ala, Kiriwina in the Coral and Solomon Seas. Goodenough, Samarai Murua The provincial member is Mr. John Luke who ran for election as Number of LLGs: 16 an independent and later joined the National Alliance Party. The Number of wards: 394 member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Tim Neville. While people near Alotau and in the Trobriand Islands can earn moderate incomes from fish, food and betel nut, the rest of the Female province earns low incomes. Oil palm provides some income, (%) however, the closure of Misima Goldmine has reduced income47.9 earning opportunities. 42.6 Good roads service the provincial capital of Alotau and run to North and East Capes as well as inland, however, areas on the 48.3 southern and northern coasts of the mainland remain quite 47.9 isolated. The islands rely predominantly on dinghy and canoe transport and some commercial and passenger shipping. Only Kiriwina Island has serviceable roads. Over a day’s travel is needed from the more remote islands to reach a service centre. 14345 6609 14.7 31.8 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 210412 86820 117689 5903 38942 52.1 52.6 51.7 52.1 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 109802 88170 187149 92179 119895 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.5 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 357 51 127 5 3 7 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 41 136 5132 1547 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Fishing Poultry 97 69 28 82.8 80.7 75.4 54.5 38.7 %* engaged for cash 9.1 22.9 22.6 8.4 4.1 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 13 181 16186 1162 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 14.5% 84.6% 69.2% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 78.1 Male 79.8 Female 76.2 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 1340 21.1 Life expectancy (years) Total 54.1 Male 53.5 Female 54.8 31 Alotau District General Information Administration District headquarters: Alotau/Rabaraba Number of LLGs: 7 - Makamaka Rural, Daga Rural, Weraura Rural, Maramatana Rural, Huhu Rural, Suau Rural, Alotau Urban Number of wards: 156 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 74644 28621 43728 2295 13063 53.0 52.7 53.2 52.2 Female (%) 47.0 32.9 46.8 47.8 About Alotau 7835 3461 9.5 21.6 Alotau District stretches from the mountains at the end of the Owen Stanley Ranges to the coastal areas of the south eastern end of the mainland. The district member is Charles Abel who ran for election as an independent but later joined the National Alliance Party. He is the Minister for Culture and Tourism. The district member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Isaac Taitibi. Land potential is high in the south of the province, while the north experiences a long dry season and occasional droughts. Businesses in Alotau and oil palm enterprises provide some income-earning opportunities, as well as markets for the sale of fresh food, betel nut and coconut. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 40984 26893 29749 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 126 21 45 0 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 12 102 6220 732 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Fishing Livestock 77.1 67.8 61.8 46.3 39.6 %* engaged for cash 13.8 25.9 29.6 11.5 10.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 16 39 4665 1914 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 12.2%b 78.1%b 61.3%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Roads link Alotau with East and North Capes and the oil palm developments inland. However, water transport (dinghy and canoe) is the only means of travel up the north coast to Oro Province or from Suau in the south coast to Alotau. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 81.1 Male (%) 82.6 Female (%) 79.4 32 Esa’ala District General Information Administration District headquarters: Esa'ala Number of LLGs: 3 - West Fergusson Rural, Dobu Rural, Duau Rural Number of wards: 88 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 42644 18513 23101 1030 8358 51.6 51.9 51.2 52.8 Female (%) 48.4 48.1 48.8 47.2 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2322 1309 18.4 32.6 About Esa’ala Esa’ala District covers the two largest islands of the d’Entrecasteaux Group, Fergusson and Normanby, as well as the smaller Dobu, Sanaroa, Waiope and Neumara islands. The district member is Mr. Moses Maladina, of the Rural Development Party. This is his second term in parliament. Sources of income are limited in this island district, with low to very low incomes earned from the sale of fish, food, betel nut, cocoa and copra. Agriculture is predominantly low intensity, mixed staple cultivation of root crops and coconut with some production of betel nut for sale in markets in Alotau. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 21457 18121 17344 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 76 9 26 1 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 27 n/a 1579 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Fishing Poultry 88.0 87.9 77.0 55.5 35.8 %* engaged for cash 9.4 36.4 24.7 7.9 3.0 Number and population per facility Health centres 10 35 4264 1218 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 11.1%b 79.4%b 67.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Vehicle use is uncommon on the islands with few unsealed roads. Transport by dinghy and commercial ships link Esa’ala district headquarters and Salamo on Fergusson Island with East Cape and Alotau on the mainland. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 76.5 Male (%) 78.0 Female (%) 74.9 33 Kiriwina Goodenough District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kiriwina Number of LLGs: 2 - Kiriwina Rural, Goodenough Island Rural Number of wards: 61 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 49966 21975 26729 1262 9715 51.5 52.7 50.3 57.3 Female (%) 48.5 47.3 49.7 42.7 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 1107 647 45.1 77.2 About Kiriwina Goodenough This district encompasses Goodenough Island (of the d’Entrecasteaux Group) and the Trobriand and Luscany Island Groups. The district member is Mr. Jack Cameron, a member of the People’s Democratic Movement Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Brian Pulayasi. Kiriwina Rural LLG, in this district, is one of only four Local-level Governments in PNG to have a female president. There are opportunities for low incomes to be earned from the sale of betel nut, fish and food (mixed staples). Smaller islands rely on trade for sufficient food. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 24616 22949 24856 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 69 7 29 2 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 23 n/a 2172 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Betel nut Coconut Food crops Fishing Poultry 87.8 85.0 82.6 52.5 40.4 %* engaged for cash 13.0 13.7 5.5 5.6 1.7 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 22 7138 2271 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 22.6%b 98.1%b 81.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Vehicle use is uncommon on Goodenough Island and travel to a service centre can take up to eight hours. There are good roads on Kiriwina Island. Shipping routes link Kiriwina weekly with the mainland and other water transport is by dingy and canoe. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 71.3 Male (%) 73.6 Female (%) 69.0 34 Samarai Murua District General Information Administration District headquarters: Bwagaoia Number of LLGs: 4 - Bwanabwana Rural, Louisiade Rural, Yaleyemba Rural, Murua Rural Number of wards: 89 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 43158 17711 24131 1316 7806 51.9 53.2 50.7 54.8 Female (%) 48.1 46.8 49.3 45.2 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 3081 1192 14.0 36.2 About Samarai Murua This district covers a large area of ocean and includes the Woodlark, Marshall Bennet, Budibudi, Louisiade and Engineer Islands. It includes a small portion of the southern end of the mainland, including the area around Samarai islands. The district member is Mr. Gordon Wesley, an independent Member of Parliament. This is his second term. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 22745 20004 20245 Mixed staples and coconut cultivation as well as fishing are the main sources of food with low incomes available for trade of these goods and betel nut. Misima Island once provided income earning opportunities and royalties from the goldmine, however, this has ceased since the closure of the mine. Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 86 14 27 2 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 1 29 43158 1488 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Fishing Livestock 87.1 85.7 84.7 69.3 48.2 %* engaged for cash 5.4 15.6 19.7 7.5 5.1 Number and population per facility Health centres 8 40 5395 1079 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 12.5%b 87.3%b 72.4%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Transport in this district is entirely reliant on outboard motor and air transport, with some limited shipping routes. The most remote islands require more than one day’s ocean travel to reach a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 81.8 Male (%) 83.3 Female (%) 80.4 35 36 National Capital District 37 38 National Capital District (NCD) General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Port Moresby Number of electorates: 3 - Moresby North East, Moresby North West, Moresby South Number of LLGs: n/a Number of wards: 12 About National Capital District The NCD is the administrative unit that encompasses the national capital of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby. While the administration of NCD is quite different to the Provincial Governments, for electoral purposes, is classified as the equivalent of a province, in that it has a Provincial Member, who becomes the Governor of the district. The NCD is separated into three open electorates, however these are not considered districts in the same administrative sense as the other open electorates of Papua New Guinea, due to the wide-ranging authority of the National District Capital Commission (NCDC). The National Capital District Commission (NCDC) is the administrative authority and operates under the National Capital District Commission Act. This law establishes the NCDC a governing body for the purpose of providing municipal services to the entire city. The provincial member is Mr. Powes Parkop, who is an independent. The member before 2007 was Mr. Wari Vele who won a by-election after the death of Mr. Bill Skate, who was the member since 1992 and a former Prime Minister. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 254158 88228 163245 2685 35188 54.7 52.6 55.8 54.7 Female (%) 45.3 47.4 44.2 45.3 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 145732 82432 233763 94451 221908 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 3.6 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 45 1 42 1 11 5 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 14 54 18154 4707 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Fishing Livestock 27 22 5 14.4 8.1 6.1 4.3 2.2 %* engaged for cash 5.0 4.9 1.5 1.7 0.9 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 5 54 50832 4707 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 13.6% 75.5% 66.4% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 90.7 Male 92.3 Female 88.7 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 41766 100.0 Life expectancy (years) Total 59.2 Male 58.5 Female 59.9 39 Moresby North East District General Information Administration District headquarters: Number of LLGs: Number of wards: Map unavailable Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households Female (%) About Moresby North East This profile is mostly blank because the fact that key indicators are rarely produced for the urban electorates of the National Capital District. For more information see the National Capital District Provincial Profile. The open electorate member is Mr. Andrew Mald, who ran for election as an independent and is now a member of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Casper Wollom. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 30038 33709 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged %* engaged for cash Number and population per facility Health centres Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate b b b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total Male (%) Female (%) 40 Moresby North West District General Information Administration District headquarters: Number of LLGs: Number of wards: Map unavailable Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households Female (%) About Moresby North West This profile is mostly blank because the fact that key indicators are rarely produced for the urban electorates of the National Capital District. For more information see the National Capital District Provincial Profile. The open electorate member is Sir Mekere Morauta, a member of the PNG Party and the current Opposition Leader. This is his third term. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) increase total by somewhere between 100-500 votes. *26619 34164 *figure does not include informal votes. If known, this would Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged %* engaged for cash Number and population per facility Health centres Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate b b b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total Male (%) Female (%) 41 Moresby South District General Information Administration District headquarters: Number of LLGs: Number of wards: Map unavailable Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households Female (%) About Moresby South This profile is mostly blank because the fact that key indicators are rarely produced for the urban electorates of the National Capital District. For more information see the National Capital District Provincial Profile. The open electorate member is Dame Carol Kidu, of the Melanesian Alliance Party. She is the current Minister for Community Development, and the only female parliamentarian. This is her third term. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 26068 27525 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged %* engaged for cash Number and population per facility Health centres Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate b b b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total Male (%) Female (%) 42 Oro Province 43 44 Oro Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Popondetta Number of districts: 2 - Ijivitari, Sohe Number of LLGs: 9 Number of wards: 162 About Oro Oro Province covers the northern side of the Owen Stanley Ranges and a stretch of coastline from Cape Ward Hunt in the north to Collingwood Bay in the south. It includes the village of Kokoda near the eastern border with Central Province, as well as Cape Nelson and the coastal fjords near Tufi on the coast. The provincial member is Mr. Suckling Tamanabe of the United Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Bani Hoivo. High incomes can be earned in the Kokoda Valley from oil palm, Female cocoa and fresh food. More moderate incomes from oil palm can (%) be earned near the coast. Some wage employment is also 47.5 available in Popondetta. Elsewhere in the province incomes are very low. 47.7 A road runs from Popondetta to Kokoda and another to Afore. 47.5 Otherwise there are very few roads in the province. Coastal 47.5 communities rely on dinghy and canoe transport. Very remote communities in this province must walk long distances over mountainous terrain to reach roads that continue to service centres. 22735 4528 5.9 29.4 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 133065 57767 72116 3182 21840 52.5 52.3 52.5 52.5 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 66584 61293 112502 60400 82509 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.7 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 260 31 70 3 2 4 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 19 64 7003 2079 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Betel nut Food crops Coffee Livestock 81 59 22 76.6 75.7 73.3 29.5 28.0 %* engaged for cash 11.8 16.4 7.0 28.3 4.4 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 6 83 22178 1603 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 4.5% 60.2% 38.4% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 69.7 Male 72.9 Female 66.2 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 961 50.4 Life expectancy (years) Total 54.5 Male 54.1 Female 55 45 Ijivitari District General Information Administration District headquarters: Ijivitari Number of LLGs: 5 - Oro Bay Rural, Safia Rural, Afore Rural, Popondetta Urban, Tufi Rural Number of wards: 88 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 67975 29287 37041 1647 10984 52.5 52.2 52.5 54.8 Female (%) 47.5 47.8 47.5 45.2 About Ijivitari 12709 3040 5.4 22.4 Ijivitari District stretches south east of Popondetta and from the Owen Stanley Ranges in the west across the Managalas Plateau and Mt. Lamington to the Nelson Range in the east. The district continues down to the coastal fiords of Tufi and then further south to Collingwood Bay. The district member is Mr. David Arore, who stood for election as an independent and then joined the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Cecil King Doruba. Kaukau, coconut and sago are important subsistence crops for the district but there are few opportunities for income from these activities. Oil palm is a high income earner on the coast. The inland areas of Ijivitari have a high potential for agriculture but remain very isolated from services. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 34321 31335 30065 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 140 16 38 3 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 6 70 11329 971 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Betel nut Food crops Fishing Coffee 74.8 72.9 71.9 34.5 24.9 %* engaged for cash 18.4 17.4 9.0 7.9 24.2 Number and population per facility Health centres 12 30 5665 2266 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 4.7%b 55.8%b 34.4%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The coast around Oro Bay has sealed roads and other minor roads connect Collingwood Bay and the Managalas Plateau with Popondetta. For the rest of the district, the absence of roads means more than one day's travel to reach a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 76.4 Male (%) 78.7 Female (%) 73.8 46 Sohe District General Information Administration District headquarters: Sohe Number of LLGs: 4 - Kokoda Rural, Higaturu Rural, Tamata Rural, Kira Rural Number of wards: 74 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 65090 28480 35075 1535 10856 52.5 52.4 52.4 56.7 Female (%) 47.5 47.6 47.6 43.3 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 10026 1488 6.5 43.7 About Sohe The Owen Stanley Ranges run along the south western border of Sohe District. The district includes the village of Kokoda and the Mambera, Opi and Kamusi Rivers. The district member is Mr. Anthony Nene of the People’s National Congress Party and the current Parliamentary Secretary for the Public Service. This is his second term. Oil palm delivers comparatively high incomes for those in the Mambare Valley and there are low incomes available for sales of fresh food and fish. Some wage-earning opportunities also exist in the businesses of Popondetta. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 32263 29960 30138 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 120 15 32 0 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 13 n/a 5007 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Betel nut Coconut Food crops Coffee Livestock 78.5 78.4 74.8 34.2 33.7 %* engaged for cash 15.3 5.1 5.1 32.5 4.0 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 34 9299 1914 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 4.3%b 64.7%b 42.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access There is a road from Kokoda to Popondetta and other sealed roads serving oil palm concerns. However, there are no other roads linking the rest of the district, and some communities are very isolated from services and markets. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 62.7 Male (%) 66.9 Female (%) 58.1 47 48 Western Province 49 50 Western Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Daru/Kiunga Number of districts: 3 - Middle Fly, North Fly, South Fly Number of LLGs: 14 Number of wards: 290 About Western Western Province is the largest province in Papua New Guinea. It shares an international border with West Papua in Indonesia to the west and with Australia to the south. It is dominated in the north by the Hindenburg Range, while the Fly River runs through the south. The provincial member is Dr. Bob Danaya of the PNG Labour Party. This is his second term. Moderate incomes can be earned along the Fly River and near Lake Murray from the sale of fish, food and crocodile skins. Elsewhere in the province, very low incomes can be earned from food, betel nut, animal skins, crocodiles and rubber. There is very little potential agricultural land. Royalties, wages and compensation from the Ok Tedi Mine also provide incomes in the province. Roads in the north connect Kiunga, Tabubil, the Ok Tedi Mine, Nomad and Lake Murray. Travel by canoe and outboard motor is more common along the many rivers in the province. There are some limited roads around Morehead in the south which do not connect to other major service centres. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 153304 67766 82669 2869 22564 51.7 52.0 51.6 51.7 Female (%) 48.3 48.0 48.4 48.3 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 98189 11544 1.6 13.3 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 72329 63718 141467 59722 100565 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 3.3 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 381 77 107 5 3 2 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 38 96 4034 1597 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Fishing Rubber Poultry 92 66 26 65.5 56.9 46.4 16.5 14.1 %* engaged for cash 5.8 3.9 6.2 15.8 2.7 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 7 157 21901 976 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 12.4% 75.5% 60.6% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 71.3 Male 76.4 Female 66.1 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 652 17.2 Life expectancy (years) Total 54.3 Male 54 Female 54.7 51 Middle Fly District General Information Administration District headquarters: Balimo Number of LLGs: 5 - Balimo Urban, Bamu Rural, Gogodala Rural, Lake Murray Rural, Nomad Rural Number of wards: 126 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 55853 26085 28544 1224 8239 50.8 51.9 50.2 42.4 Female (%) 49.2 48.1 49.8 57.6 About Middle Fly 44479 3659 1.3 15.3 Middle Fly District extends across the hills and floodplains of the Fly and Strickland Rivers. It covers the area surrounding Lake Murray and the Aramia, Bamu, Soari, Wamoi, Gama and Guavi Rivers, which flow out to the Gulf of Papua. The district member is Mr. Roy Biyama, a member of the United Resources Party. This is his second term. Hunting and fishing are more common food sources than agriculture in many parts of Middle Fly, where moderate incomes can be earned near Lake Murray and along the Fly River. Elsewhere in the district incomes are low. Some communities on the Fly River have also received compensation from the Ok Tedi Mine. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 25867 21309 20641 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 95 14 35 2 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 1 49 55853 1140 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Fishing Poultry Rubber 72.8 68.5 50.1 22.0 19.1 %* engaged for cash 3.1 5.3 5.0 3.6 18.3 Number and population per facility Health centres 12 37 4654 1510 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 14.3%b 72.8%b 58.2%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access There are minor roads in the district headquarters of Balimo and in Nomad in the north. Water transport is common along the district’s many rivers. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 66.3 Male (%) 71.8 Female (%) 60.7 52 North Fly District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kiunga Number of LLGs: 5 - Kiunga Rural, Kiunga Urban, Ningerum Rural, Olsobip Rural, Star Mountains Rural Number of wards: 89 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 50914 21209 29146 559 7284 53.1 52.5 53.5 53.0 Female (%) 46.9 47.5 46.5 47.0 About North Fly 21846 5438 2.3 9.4 North Fly District borders Sandaun Province and encompasses the Hindenburg Range in the north and the plains of the Ok Tedi, Strickland and Fly Rivers. The district member is Mr. Boka Kondra, who ran for elections as an independent candidate and later joined the People’s National Congress Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Martin Tabi. Incomes and the agricultural potential of land are low in most of the district, with the ranges constrained by their steep slopes and the valleys by high rainfall and floods. The Ok Tedi mine provides various sources of income from salaries, royalties and remittances. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 23437 21583 20953 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 165 35 36 3 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 4 69 12729 738 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Fishing Coconut Rubber Livestock 57.4 30.5 30.1 25.2 12.1 %* engaged for cash 4.7 2.1 2.4 24.4 1.9 Number and population per facility Health centres 14 21 3637 2424 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 12.0%b 89.1%b 66.0%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A major road, built by Ok Tedi Mining Ltd. links Tabubil and Kiunga. Water transport is common along the rivers of the district. Communities in the Hindenburg Range and the valleys to the east of the Ok Tedi River are very remote. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 65.9 Male (%) 71.7 Female (%) 59.6 53 South Fly District General Information Administration District headquarters: Daru Number of LLGs: 4 - Daru Urban, Kiwai Rural, Morehead Rural, Oriomo-Bituri Rural Number of wards: 75 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 46537 20472 24979 1086 7041 51.2 51.7 50.9 47.9 Female (%) 48.8 48.3 49.1 52.1 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 31864 2447 1.5 19.0 About South Fly South Fly District extends from the Fly River south to the coast, encompassing the plains of the Oriomo, Pahoturi, Mai Kussa, Kutubura, Morehead and Bensbach Rivers. The district member is Mr. Sali Subam of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Conrad Haoda. Incomes from the sale of food, fish and rubber are low in the district. Much of South Fly experiences a long dry season, floods and poor soil, making it unsuitable for agriculture. However, there are some flood-free plains which may be suitable for crops. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 23025 20847 20092 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 121 28 36 0 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 39 23269 1193 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Fishing Poultry Betel nut 70.5 66.0 58.6 10.1 7.2 %* engaged for cash 7.7 6.4 11.8 2.3 2.9 Number and population per facility Health centres 12 38 3878 1225 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 10.2%b 78.7%b 63.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road runs between Morehead and Daru. Water transport is common along the south coast and the Fly and other rivers. Most people in the district are less than eight hours from a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 82.8 Male (%) 86.5 Female (%) 78.9 54 Highlands Region 55 56 Eastern Highlands Province 57 58 Eastern Highlands Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Goroka Number of districts: 8 - Daulo, Goroka, Henganofi, Kainantu, Lufa, Obura Wonenara, Okapa, Unggai Bena Number of LLGs: 24 Number of wards: 261 About Eastern Highlands Eastern Highlands Province includes the Bismark Range and Upper Ramu Valley in the north of the province. It also covers the Asaro, Benabena and Dunantina Valleys, all of which are very agriculturally productive. However, the south of the province, especially near Marawaka, is mountainous and remote. The provincial member is Mr. Malcolm Kela Smith, who ran in 2007 as an independent but is now a member of the Pangu Party. This is his second term. The area around Henganofi provides very good agricultural income from the sale of coffee, food, tobacco and firewood, and most of the north of the province can earn moderate incomes. However, there are very few income-earning opportunities for those in the south of Obura Wonenara, Okapa and Lufa. The Highlands Highway and a network of smaller roads cover the north of the province. Limited and deteriorated roads travel through Lufa and Okapa District, while Obura Wonenara has very limited roads, especially in the remote areas in the south. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 432972 167955 253535 11482 99483 51.5 53.2 50.2 51.5 Female (%) 48.5 46.8 49.8 48.5 Electoral statistics 11157 5724 38.8 75.6 Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 239169 435301 602228 355203 383471 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.2 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 307 103 128 6 7 5 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 32 54 13530 7465 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Betel nut Poultry 73 54 19 88.4 76.7 47.8 13.5 12.5 %* engaged for cash 85.4 11.9 4.9 3.7 4.4 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 16 70 27061 6185 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 9.9% 61.7% 50.1% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 43.9 Male 51.0 Female 36.5 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 5445 45.4 Life expectancy (years) Total 55.4 Male 54.6 Female 56.3 59 Daulo District General Information Administration District headquarters: Asaro Number of LLGs: 3 - Lower Asaro Rural, Upper Asaro Rural, Watabung Number of wards: 23 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 30960 10274 19552 1134 8600 52.9 54.6 51.7 58.5 Female (%) 47.1 45.4 48.3 41.5 About Daulo Daulo District occupies the north western end of Eastern Highlands Province with the Asaro Valley in the centre, surrounded by mountains to the north, west and south. The district member is Mr. N.K. Kondo Patrick, of the People’s Labour Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Ben Merenge Kiagi. High incomes in the Asaro Valley come from coffee and fresh food sales. More mountainous areas are less productive, providing fewer income-earning opportunities. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 625 325 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 19176 52880 31211 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 35 5 14 0 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 8 n/a 3870 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 92.5 82.8 73.2 10.2 7.0 %* engaged for cash 87.7 13.2 3.7 4.6 3.5 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 6 7740 5160 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 24.8%b 75.4%b 63.6%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access This district is well served by roads, with the Highlands Highway running through the south, making the major service centre of Goroka less than four hours travel for all people in the district. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 41.6 Male (%) 47.4 Female (%) 35.0 60 Goroka District General Information Administration District headquarters: Goroka Number of LLGs: 3 - Goroka Rural, Goroka Urban, Mimanalo Rural Number of wards: 17 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 71870 24557 45320 1993 16189 52.3 53.1 51.6 56.1 Female (%) 47.7 46.9 48.4 43.9 About Goroka Goroka District has a high density population centred on the district headquarters of Goroka town. The district includes parts of the Asaro Valley with mountains to the north. The district member is Mr. Thompson Harokaqveh, of the Pangu Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Bire Kimisopa. Incomes from the sale of coffee and food are high and those living close to Goroka town have access to formal and informal economic activities in Goroka’s businesses and markets. There is high potential for agriculture, however, this is complicated by population pressures, as settlers move to the urban areas. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 296 196 242.8 366.7 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 42800 84077 55191 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 58 6 16 0 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 15 10 4791 7187 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coffee Livestock Poultry Betel nut 65.7 64.5 41.0 13.7 6.8 %* engaged for cash 20.7 60.4 5.2 7.0 3.9 Number and population per facility Health centres 2 0 35935 n/a Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 20.1%b 80.5%b 68.7%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access This district is well served by roads, with the Highlands Highway running through Goroka town and other road networks in most occupied areas. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 59.7 Male (%) 65.0 Female (%) 53.9 61 Henganofi District General Information Administration District headquarters: Henganofi Number of LLGs: 3 - Dunantina Rural, Fayantina Rural, Kafentina Rural Number of wards: 30 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 55768 21296 32830 1642 13317 51.2 53.1 49.9 51.9 Female (%) 48.8 46.9 50.1 48.1 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 941 638 59.3 87.4 About Henganofi Henganofi District, west of Goroka, is particularly mountainous. It has a number of small, densely populated valleys running south from the mountains that have small areas of flood plains. This district can be prone to drought. The district member is Mr. Ferao Orimyo, of the PNG Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Dr. Banare Bun. High incomes can be earned in the area south of Henganofi, where coffee, food, firewood and livestock can be sold. This contrasts with lower incomes and agricultural potential in the north. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 31361 44321 40846 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 37 12 20 0 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 8 n/a 6971 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Betel nut Poultry 95.7 77.6 55.8 13.1 10.3 %* engaged for cash 94.0 8.6 3.8 2.1 5.1 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 3 13942 18589 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 0.0%b 68.6%b 54.6%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway travels through the district and other roads run through the south. The northern-most area of Lihona requires up to eight hours travel to reach Goroka. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 38.7 Male (%) 45.3 Female (%) 31.8 62 Kainantu District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kainantu Number of LLGs: 5 - Kainantu Urban, Agarabi Rural, Kamano 1 Rural, Kamano 2 Rural, Gadsup/Tairora Number of wards: 45 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 91771 37423 52101 2247 19548 51.7 53.2 50.6 52.9 Female (%) 48.3 46.8 49.4 47.1 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 989 638 92.8 143.8 About Kainantu Kainantu District includes the upper Ramu Valley and the Bismark Range in the north. Kainantu is the first major town along the Highlands Highway coming up from Lae. The district member is Mr.Sai Beseo, a member of the People’s Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr.Yuntuvi Bau. Agarabi Rural LLG, in this district is one of only four locallevel governments in PNG to have a female president. High incomes in the south of the district come from the sale of coffee, food, firewood and tobacco, while incomes are low in the Bismark Range area because of steep slopes and a poor climate. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 48623 48816 47628 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 54 13 26 2 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 19 n/a 4830 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Betel nut Poultry 85.6 72.3 29.1 21.9 12.0 %* engaged for cash 82.2 13.5 6.6 5.7 4.7 Number and population per facility Health centres 3 11 30590 8343 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 15.8%b 66.1%b 55.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway links Yonki, Ukarumpa and Kainantu, all of which offer some level of services for the district. However, people in the Bismark Range must travel up to eight hours to reach a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 53.2 Male (%) 60.2 Female (%) 45.8 63 Lufa District General Information Administration District headquarters: Lufa Number of LLGs: 3 - Mt. Michael Rural, Unavi Rural, Yagaria Rural Number of wards: 32 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 45868 17960 26766 1142 11004 50.8 53.0 49.1 54.8 Female (%) 49.2 47.0 50.9 45.2 About Lufa Lufa District, bordering Simbu Province, covers the Upper Tua Valley, Crater Mountain and Upper Koma Valley as well as the Gidahu Valley in the south west. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 1358 638 33.8 71.9 The district member is Mr. Yawa Silupa, a member of the National Alliance Party. This is his second term. Most incomes in the district are low to very low, derived from the sale of coffee, firewood, food and tobacco. However, there is potential in the Fengatu Valley for some agricultural development on land that is close to markets. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 25388 39830 35659 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 28 15 13 0 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 6 n/a 7645 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 97.0 83.9 65.7 8.0 3.1 %* engaged for cash 95.7 7.8 4.1 2.1 1.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 14 11467 3276 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 1.2%b 41.6%b 32.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access There is a road running from the Highlands Highway to Lufa and onwards to Agotu. However, people in the Gidahu Valley require up to eight hours travel to get to Goroka. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 32.1 Male (%) 39.3 Female (%) 24.7 64 Obura Wonenara District General Information Administration District headquarters: Aiyuiri Number of LLGs: 2 - Lamari Rural, Yelia Rural Number of wards: 60 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 29688 13770 15515 403 6249 50.6 53.0 48.2 60.8 Female (%) 49.4 47.0 51.8 39.2 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 3916 1529 7.6 19.4 About Obura Wonenara Obura Wonenara is a large district which shares a long eastern border with Morobe Province. It stretches from the Bismark Range, through the upper Ramu Valley and the Lamari Valley, to the Kratke and Kuwarabi Ranges in the south. The district member is Mr. John Boito, a member of the People’s Democratic Movement Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. John Koigiri. High incomes in the north come from coffee and fresh food and some wage employment. However, in the south around Marawaka and the lower Lamari and Simbari, people are very disadvantaged because of the long distance to markets and poor agricultural potential of the land. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 14040 45227 47578 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 29 15 9 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 1 11 29688 2699 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Betel nut Poultry 97.1 78.3 46.5 34.9 19.0 %* engaged for cash 94.0 3.0 3.4 3.6 0.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 9 7 3299 4241 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 1.7%b 56.6%b 46.3%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway and other roads provide good transport access in the north of the district. In the south, only a few poor-quality roads means that people in the Simbari and lower Lamari are very isolated from a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 21.2 Male (%) 28.9 Female (%) 13.6 65 Okapa District General Information Administration District headquarters: Okapa Number of LLGs: 2 - East Okapa Rural, West Okapa Rural, Number of wards: 34 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 62041 25821 34812 1408 13283 50.9 52.5 49.2 61.2 Female (%) 49.1 47.5 50.8 38.8 About Okapa Okapa District covers a very mountainous area with the Kratke Range in the north and the lower Lamari Valley in the south. The district member is Mr. Bonny Oveyara, a member of the People’s Progress Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Tom Amukele. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2110 1120 29.4 55.4 Incomes vary from moderate in the north to very low in the south where the people in the Lamari Valley have very few opportunities to improve their livelihoods. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 32211 65999 56587 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 26 24 16 2 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 6 n/a 10340 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 98.5 79.2 29.6 16.7 9.4 %* engaged for cash 96.0 6.8 2.0 3.4 1.2 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 0 15510 n/a Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 8.2%b 61.0%b 45.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Roads link the district to Kainantu and the Highlands Highway just south of Goroka. However other district roads are in poor condition, with people in the lower Lamari Valley very remote from a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 35.3 Male (%) 44.1 Female (%) 26.3 66 Unggai Bena District General Information Administration District headquarters: Bena Number of LLGs: 3 - Unggai Rural, Upper Bena Rural, Lower Bena Rural Number of wards: 20 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 45006 16854 26639 1513 11293 51.3 53.6 49.7 54.8 Female (%) 48.7 46.4 50.3 45.2 About Unggai Bena Unggai Bena District has the Bismark Range in the north and the Unggai Range in the southwest. In the centre is the Benabena Valley. The district member is Mr. Benny Allan, who is also the current Minister for Environment and Conservation. He is a member of the United Resources Party and this is his second term. Incomes in the Benabena Valley from the sale of coffee and food are high, although there is some pressure on agricultural production. Incomes are very low near Mount Helwig where there is a low potential environment for agriculture. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 922 640 48.8 70.3 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 25570 36348 41138 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 40 13 14 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 2 n/a 22503 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Betel nut Poultry 91.0 83.5 66.1 17.0 12.2 %* engaged for cash 87.9 14.5 9.0 6.9 4.9 Number and population per facility Health centres 2 13 22503 3462 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 0.5%b 45.6%b 37.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Roads link most of the occupied areas in the district, and the Highlands Highway runs through the centre between Henganofi and Goroka. Most people are within four hours of Goroka with the exception of communities living near Mount Helwig. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 45.6 Male (%) 53.4 Female (%) 37.4 67 68 Enga Province 69 70 Enga Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Wabag Number of districts: 5 - Kandep, KompiamAmbum, Lagaip-Porgera, Wabag, Wapenamanda Number of LLGs: 15 Number of wards: 334 About Enga Enga Province shares a northern border with East Sepik Province. The Central Range runs through the north of the province, with two river valleys, the Lagaip and the Lai supporting high population densities. The Lagaip River runs south to join the Fly River while the Lai joins the Sepik River in the north. The provincial member is Mr. Peter Ipatas, a member of the People’s Party. This is his third term. Agriculture provides only a low to moderate source of income for the province, earned from the sale of coffee, food and firewood. Cultivated areas are very prone to both drought and frost, which can seriously affect food security. Some royalties and wage employment can be earned at the Porgera Goldmine. A branch of the Highlands Highway runs from Mt. Hagen up to Wapenamanda and Wabag and the Porgera Goldmine. Another road connects Kandep with Southern Highlands Province. Those living in the north of the province are very remote and require more than a day’s travel to reach a service centre. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 295031 104955 183554 6522 50609 51.9 53.5 50.6 51.9 Female (%) 48.1 46.5 49.4 48.1 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 11704 3648 25.2 80.9 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll somewhere between 100-2000 votes. 169042 *317213 411210 250424 277638 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.9 *figure does not include informal votes. If known, this would increase total by Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 303 52 82 7 3 12 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 28 148 10537 1993 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Betel nut 97 69 28 79.8 70.1 36.9 20.2 6.7 %* engaged for cash 9.3 8.5 34.4 9.4 3.2 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 10 104 29503 2837 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 14.8% 64.3% 51.3% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 35.0 Male 40.2 Female 29.5 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 1396 62.5 Life expectancy (years) Total 52.5 Male 52.3 Female 52.7 71 Kandep District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kandep Number of LLGs: 2 - Kandep Rural, Wage Rural Number of wards: 73 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 47400 19009 27654 737 8175 51.1 52.3 49.9 62.6 Female (%) 48.9 47.7 50.1 37.4 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2001 549 23.7 86.3 About Kandep Kandep District is the southern-most district in Enga Province. It includes the Wage Valley, the Kandep Basin and surrounding mountains. The district member declared elected in 2007 was Mr. Don Polye, of the National Alliance Party. This was his second term; however this result was annulled. A by-election was held in November 2009, which Mr. Polye won. Agricultural production centres on subsistence kaukau and potato production, however, the land potential is mostly poor. Food security is vulnerable to both frosts and drought. Incomes are low throughout the district. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 25054 37452 31727 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 31 5 12 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 10 n/a 4740 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Poultry Fishing Betel nut 83.9 81.6 11.3 6.8 4.2 %* engaged for cash 3.3 2.1 1.4 0.3 0.7 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 19 9480 2495 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 9.3%b 50.7%b 41.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Roads link Kandep to Laiagaim in the north and to Southern Highlands Province in the south. However, travel from this district to the provincial capital, Wabag, requires more than four hours. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 23.9 Male (%) 28.5 Female (%) 19.3 72 Kompiam Ambum District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kompiam Number of LLGs: 3 - Ambum Rural, Kompiam Rural, Wapi-Yengis Rural Number of wards: 75 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 44332 15714 27856 762 8308 52.6 53.9 51.6 65.5 Female (%) 47.4 46.1 48.4 34.5 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2963 1152 15.0 38.5 About Kompiam Ambum The most north easterly district in Enga Province is Kompiam Ambum, which includes parts of the central range as well as the Tarua, Yenkis, Sapun, Sau and Ambum Rivers. The district member is Mr. John Pundari, who ran for election as a member of the National Advance Party, which later joined the Peoples Action Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Dickson Maki. Incomes are low to very low in the district, predominantly from coffee and fresh food. In the Ambum Valley, high population pressure on land with poor agricultural potential, makes a large number of people particularly vulnerable, whilst remote areas are also constrained by low potential income earning opportunities. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 25419 34937 36369 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 46 15 15 2 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 1 26 44332 1705 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Betel nut 81.5 75.6 65.4 14.6 8.1 %* engaged for cash 7.0 7.9 59.4 5.6 2.0 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 41 6333 1081 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 13.4%b 53.2%b 41.8%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road travels between Kompiam and Ambum, with other minor roads in some of the district’s valleys. The people in the Yengis Valley are the most remote and need over a day’s travel to get to a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 30.3 Male (%) 35.1 Female (%) 24.9 73 Lagaip Porgera District General Information Administration District headquarters: Lagaip/Porgera Number of LLGs: 5 - Lagaip Rural, Maip Muritaka Rural, Paiela/Hewa Rural, Porgera Rural, Pilikambi Rural Number of wards: 72 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 91002 33304 56246 1452 14848 52.6 53.7 51.7 65.4 Female (%) 47.4 46.3 48.3 34.6 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 4608 1081 19.7 84.2 About Lagaip Porgera Lagaip Porgera covers the Lagaip Valley and a large area in the north west of Enga Province. The Central Range of the highlands runs across the north of the district. The district member is Mr. Philip Kikala, a member of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Kappa Yaka. Incomes are low to very low in the district, predominantly from coffee, fresh food and firewood. The Porgera Goldmine provides wages and royalties to communities near the mine site. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) increase total by somewhere between 100-500 votes. 51091 *133845 90872 *figure does not include informal votes. If known, this would Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 86 17 21 3 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 4 27 22751 3370 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut Coffee 74.8 63.4 19.6 9.9 7.7 %* engaged for cash 10.7 10.7 10.1 6.2 6.5 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 38 15167 2395 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 12.0%b 64.7%b 55.7%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road links Porgera with Wabag and the Highlands Highway, However, people in the lower Lagaip Valley are very remote and require more than a day’s travel to get to a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 28.0 Male (%) 33.1 Female (%) 22.4 74 Wabag District General Information Administration District headquarters: Wabag Number of LLGs: 3 - Wabag Urban, Wabag Rural, Maramuni Rural Number of wards: 64 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 58750 19595 37916 1239 9809 51.5 54.2 49.7 65.8 Female (%) 48.5 45.8 50.3 34.2 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 1090 396 53.9 148.4 About Wabag Wabag District centres on the district headquarters of Wabag, and includes the Sirunki Plateau and the upper Lai Valley. It also extends across the Central Range to the northern border of Enga Province and the Maramuni Valley. The district member is Mr. Sam Abal, of the National Alliance Party, and the current Minister for Foreign Affairs, Trade and Immigration. This is his second term. Moderate incomes from the sale of coffee and food, and low incomes from the sale of potato and pyrethrum are available in the south. However, these areas are also subject to high population pressure. The Maramuni Valley area is very poor, because of the lack of income-earning opportunities. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 34615 51071 44763 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 57 8 13 0 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 3 19 19583 3092 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Betel nut 78.1 62.5 42.0 24.0 4.9 %* engaged for cash 12.8 9.8 39.9 13.0 2.5 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 30 14688 1958 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 14.6%b 55.0%b 42.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs through the south of the district and the district headquarters of Wabag. However, people in the Maramuni Valley are very remote from a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 43.3 Male (%) 49.0 Female (%) 37.4 75 Wapenamanda District General Information Administration District headquarters: Wapenamanda Number of LLGs: 2 - Wapenamanda Rural, Tsak Rural Number of wards: 50 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 53547 17333 33882 2332 9469 51.3 53.3 49.5 61.7 Female (%) 48.7 46.7 50.5 38.3 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 1042 470 51.4 113.9 About Wapenamanda Wapenamanda lies on the border of Western Highlands Province, in the south east of Enga Province. It includes the Tsak and Lai Valleys. The district member is Mr. Miki Kaeok of the National Alliance Party. This is his second term. Moderate to low incomes are earned from the sale of coffee and food, some of which come from smallholder operations. There is reasonable potential for growing of crops in the Lai Valley, where there is reasonable access to Mt. Hagen markets. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 32863 69528 46802 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 83 7 21 1 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 22 26774 2434 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coffee Livestock Poultry Betel nut 84.4 84.1 73.4 29.6 4.6 %* engaged for cash 10.7 80.3 9.9 14.9 2.5 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 20 8925 2677 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 26.1%b 95.1%b 70.3%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs through the district, linking Wapenamanda with both Wabag and Mt. Hagen. Other roads travel to the Tsak and Lai Valleys. The whole population is within four hours travel of a major service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 50.4 Male (%) 56.4 Female (%) 44.2 76 Simbu Province 77 78 Simbu Province General Information Administration About Simbu Simbu Province includes the highest mountain in PNG, Mt. Wilhelm, in the Wilhelm Range in the north. The densely settled Provincial headquarters: Kundiawa Wahgi Valley is in the west of the province, and the lowlands Number of districts: 6 - Chuave, Gumine, Karimu near Karimui, and the Purari Valley are in the south. ui Nomane, Kerowagi, Kundiawa, Sinasina The provincial member is Fr. John Garia, of the PNG Party. The Yonggamugl member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Peter K. Launa. Number of LLGs: 20 There are pockets of agricultural activity in the north which earn Number of wards: 308 high incomes from the sale of coffee and food. However, the rest of the province earns relatively low incomes. Some income Population earning opportunities are also available along the Highlands Male Female Highway running PMVs and tradestores. (%) (%) A network of roads, including the Highlands Highway, covers Total 259703 52.0 48.0 most of the northern areas of Simbu Province. The Wahgi < 15 years 89278 53.3 46.7 River Gorge divides the province south of Kundiawa. The small township of Karimui, in the centre of Karimui Nomane District is 15-64 years 160194 50.7 49.3 not linked by road to anywhere else in the province. A mostly > 65 years 10231 52.0 48.0 impassable road also leads north to Usino in Madang. Citizen households 54472 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) 6112 2575 42.5 100.9 Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 155374 443618 451775 219385 228187 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 1.9 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 286 36 105 13 3 9 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 31 37 9619 7019 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 73 54 19 87.8 81.2 72.8 25.6 3.3 %* engaged for cash 85.3 7.9 4.9 5.9 1.6 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 7 111 37100 2340 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 30.5% 71.5% 60.0% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 41.8 Male 48.7 Female 34.5 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 1721 72.3 Life expectancy (years) Total 56.8 Male 56.8 Female 56.8 79 Chuave District General Information Administration District headquarters: Chuave Number of LLGs: 3 - Chuave Rural, Elimbari Rural, Siane Rural Number of wards: 56 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 36074 11220 23035 1819 9396 51.3 53.0 49.7 60.9 Female (%) 48.7 47.0 50.3 39.1 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 550 458 About Chuave Chuave District in the east of Simbu Province shares an eastern border with Eastern Highlands Province. It covers the Elimbari Range and the tributary rivers that flow into the Wahgi River. The district member is Mr. Jim Nomane, who contested the election with the PNG Country Party, which has now joined the Pangu Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. David Ango. Low and moderate incomes can be earned in the district from coffee and food, with some established small holder activities. The potential for land cultivation is moderate and access to services and markets is good. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 23147 49971 31066 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 35 6 16 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 6 n/a 6012 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 96.7 88.6 75.3 11.8 2.8 %* engaged for cash 95.8 4.8 2.2 2.7 1.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 3 7 12025 5153 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 23.6%b 74.4%b 64.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access With the Highlands Highway running through the district and another road around Mt. Elimbari, all people in Chauve require less than four hours travel to a major service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 34.9 Male (%) 43.3 Female (%) 26.1 80 Gumine District General Information Administration District headquarters: Gumine Number of LLGs: 3 – Bomai Kumai Rural, Gumine Rural, Mt Digine Rural Number of wards: 46 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 35976 11808 22695 1473 7936 51.9 53.9 50.2 61.7 Female (%) 48.1 46.1 49.8 38.3 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 708 373 50.8 96.5 About Gumine Gumine District shares a border with Western Highlands Province and encompasses the Oima-Maril Divide in the south and the Wahgi, Maril and Mon Valleys in the north. The district member is Mr. Dawa Lucas Dekene, of the National Alliance. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Nick Kuman. Low and moderate incomes can be earned in the district from coffee, food, firewood and livestock, with some established small holder activities. Land potential is moderate, however, access to services and markets in the north of the district is good. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 22013 79584 32732 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 31 7 14 2 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 3 n/a 11992 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Fishing 92.7 72.1 67.6 21.2 4.8 %* engaged for cash 88.8 6.1 5.8 4.7 0.4 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 5 5996 7195 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 29.7%b 62.9%b 53.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road links Gumine to Kundiawa giving the north of the district good transport access. However, people living on the Oima-Maril Divide are more remote, needing up to eight hours travel to a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 36.4 Male (%) 41.9 Female (%) 30.6 81 Karimui Nomane District General Information Administration District headquarters: Karimui Number of LLGs: 3 - Karimui Rural, Nomane Rural, Salt Rural Number of wards: 64 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 36334 13440 21998 896 6682 51.9 53.4 50.7 60.3 Female (%) 48.1 46.6 49.3 39.7 About Karimui Nomane Karimui Nomane District is by far the largest district in Simbu Province, covering the south of the province including the Wahgi, Tua, Oima, Purari, Koma and Pio Valleys and the Karimui Plateau. The district member is Mr. Posi Menai, a member of the People’s Action Party. This is his second term. Low to very low incomes in the district come from coffee and food, with few opportunities for agricultural development in the province, especially with access to markets being poor. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 3474 860 10.5 42.2 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 20716 52344 29966 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 45 9 12 2 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 7 n/a 5191 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 95.1 88.8 77.5 38.2 3.6 %* engaged for cash 92.6 5.8 6.9 7.4 1.7 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 5 6056 7267 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 16.2%b 56.4%b 48.2%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road runs from Gumine District to Nomane. However, the town of Karimui has limited services and is not linked to other service centres by road. The people in the Pio Valley are very remote. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 24.2 Male (%) 32.4 Female (%) 14.4 82 Kerowagi District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kerowagi Number of LLGs: 4 – Gena Waugla Rural, Kerowagi Urban, Kup Rural, Lower Upper Koronigl Rural Number of wards: 42 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 54850 19919 33333 1598 10206 52.2 53.7 50.9 59.6 Female (%) 47.8 46.3 49.1 40.4 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 547 349 100.3 157.2 About Kerowagi Kerowagi District shares a border with Western Highlands Province in the north west of Simbu Province. It includes parts of the Kubor Range, the Sepik-Wahgi Divide and the Wahgi, Koronigl, Sinaga, and Omge Valleys. The district member is Mr. Guma Wau, a member of the United Resources Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Alphonse Willie. Incomes earned from coffee and fresh food, including small holder activities, are high in the Wahgi Valley. However higher altitude areas have less potential for agriculture and earn only low incomes. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 31399 81107 41414 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 61 8 26 2 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 29 n/a 1891 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 87.8 83.0 75.2 34.9 4.6 %* engaged for cash 84.0 9.7 5.8 9.3 2.5 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 8 9142 6856 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 20.3%b 65.0%b 48.2%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway, which runs through the Wahgi Valley, links to roads covering much of the district. All people in the district have good transport access to a major service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 49.6 Male (%) 55.0 Female (%) 43.7 83 Kundiawa District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kundiawa Number of LLGs: 4 - Kundiawa Urban, Mt Wilhelm Rural, Niglkande Rural, Waiye Rural Number of wards: 51 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 58454 20392 35570 2492 11632 52.4 52.4 52.0 58.3 Female (%) 47.6 47.6 48.0 41.7 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 475 231 123.1 253.0 About Kundiawa Kundiawa District is in the northeast corner of Simbu Province and covers parts of the Wahgi Valley, the Simbu Valley and the Sepik-Wahgi Divide including the highest peak in Papua New Guinea, Mt Wilhelm. The district member is Mr. Joe Teine, a member of the People’s National Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Matthew Siune. High incomes can be earned from coffee and food in the Wahgi and lower Simbu Valleys, with some established small holder activities. However, people in the upper Simbu Valley earn low incomes due to the steep slopes and weather conditions, which limit the agricultural potential of the land. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 34440 99642 53303 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 75 3 24 3 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 7 58 8351 1008 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Betel nut 75.4 69.6 68.1 29.8 5.1 %* engaged for cash 13.4 5.7 66.0 7.0 2.0 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 4 8351 14614 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 49.4%b 92.1%b 79.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs through the south, and a road also goes up the Simbu Valley, giving the whole district reasonable access to a major service centre. A road to Bundi in Madang Province is barely passable in dry weather. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 55.0 Male (%) 60.7 Female (%) 48.5 84 Sinasina Yonggamugl District General Information Administration District headquarters: Yonggomugl Number of LLGs: 3 - Sinasina Rural, Suwai Rural, Yongomugl Rural Number of wards: 49 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 38015 12499 23563 1953 8620 51.7 53.7 50.2 58.6 Female (%) 48.3 46.3 49.8 41.4 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 358 304 106.2 125.0 About Sinasina Yonggamugl Sinasina Yonggamugl District is in the centre of Simbu Province and encompasses the eastern tributary valleys of the Simbu River as well as the north eastern tributary valleys of the Wahgi. The district member is Mr. Jeffery Nape, a member of the National Alliance Party and the current Speaker of Parliament. This is his second term. High incomes can be earned from coffee and food along the Highlands Highway. The potential for land cultivation is high in the northwest, but low in the area south of Moaina, towads Gunangi, Don-Kagul and Silma and north of the Porol Mountain Ranges. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 23659 80032 37503 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 39 3 13 3 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 8 n/a 4752 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Fishing 94.7 81.5 72.4 18.5 2.8 %* engaged for cash 92.4 5.1 3.4 3.7 0.4 Number and population per facility Health centres 3 8 12672 4752 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 37.3%b 69.1%b 60.6%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs through the middle of the district giving all people reasonable transport access to a major service centre. The rural roads connecting to the highway are impassable in wet weather. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 39.0 Male (%) 47.4 Female (%) 30.2 85 86 Southern Highlands Province 87 88 Southern Highlands Province General Information Administration About Southern Highlands Population Southern Highlands Province covers the Central Range and Lagaip Valley in the north. The Tagari Valley runs through the Provincial headquarters: Mendi centre. The south of the province includes limestone plateaux, Number of districts: 8 – Ialibu Pangia, Imbonggu Lake Kutubu and the Hegigio, Mubi and Digimu Valleys as well Kagua Erave, Komo Margarima, Koroba Lake as the dormant volcano, Mt. Bosavi. Kopiago, Mendi, Nipa Kutubu, Tari Pori The provincial member is Mr. Anderson Agiru of the United Number of LLGs: 32 Resources Party. He was a former provincial member, Number of wards: 729 however, the member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Hami Yawari. Male (%) Female (%) 49.0 47.6 50.2 49.0 Incomes for most of Southern Highlands Province are low, earned from the sale of coffee, food and firewood. Small pockets of high incomes are earned from oil and gas operations; however this is limited to the areas near these concerns. Incomes of this kind may increase with the proposed Liquefied Natural Gas Project. The Highlands Highway runs through the province from Imbonggu to Kopiago, and other roads go to Komo, Erave and Pangia. Remote areas in Komo Margarima and Nipa Kutubu, especially near Mt. Bosavi require more than a day’s travel to reach a service centre. Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 546265 203308 331715 11242 94069 51.0 52.4 49.8 51.0 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 25587 7279 21.3 75.0 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 300503 n/a 598811 390720 450795 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 4.2 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 529 61 166 12 5 7 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 56 158 9755 3457 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Fishing 84 61 23 78.0 62.2 50.3 15.4 4.9 %* engaged for cash 6.8 8.6 46.3 5.8 0.6 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 12 259 45522 2109 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 12.6% 51.7% 39.9% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 36.5 Male 40.6 Female 32.2 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 1131 65.3 Life expectancy (years) Total 55.2 Male 53.8 Female 56.7 89 Ialibu Pangia District General Information Administration District headquarters: Ialibu Number of LLGs: 4 - East Pangia Rural, Ialibu Urban, Kewabi Rural, South Wiru Rural Number of wards: 105 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 50799 19265 30257 1277 9513 51.1 52.7 49.7 60.6 Female (%) 48.9 47.3 50.3 39.4 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2412 1104 21.1 46.0 About Ialibu Pangia Ialibu Pangia District borders both Simbu and Western Highlands Province. It covers the Kaugel, Poru and Tua Valleys and the Poru Plateau. Mount Ialibu lies in the centre of the district. The district member is Mr. Peter O’Neil, a member of the People’s National Congress Party and the Minister for Public Services. This is his second term. The Iaro, Andawe and Kaugel Valleys are all potentially good agricultural areas for a range of crops, despite colder temperatures, while the plateau has poorer potential because of steep slopes and weather conditions. Moderate incomes can be earned from coffee, fresh food and cattle, however, incomes are low in most of the district. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 27968 54247 43740 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 87 4 21 1 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 1 34 50799 1494 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Betel nut 80.7 65.4 63.0 14.7 2.8 %* engaged for cash 7.2 6.1 58.3 7.5 0.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 16 10160 3175 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 24.5%b 109.9%b 82.4%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road runs from the Highlands Highway to Ialibu and continues to the neighbouring Kagua Erave District, giving people reasonable access to the major service centres of Mount Hagen and Mendi. There are also some roads in the Poru Basin. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 45.7 Male (%) 51.5 Female (%) 39.8 90 Imbonggu District General Information Administration District headquarters: Imbonggu Number of LLGs: 3 - Ilaibu Basin Rural, Imbonggu Rural, Lower Mendi Rural Number of wards: 64 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 60086 21046 37646 1394 10578 51.6 52.3 51.0 55.7 Female (%) 48.4 47.7 49.0 44.3 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 1032 629 58.2 95.5 About Imbonggu Sandwiched between Mendi and Ialibu is Imbonggu District. Imbonggu covers Mt. Giluwe and the Iaro basin as well as parts of the Mendi, Anggura, upper Iaro and Kaugel Valleys. The district member is Mr. Francis Awesa, of the PNG Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Timothy Tala. There is high potential for agricultural cultivation in much of the district’s valleys. However, this is constrained by low temperatures and cloud cover. Incomes from sale of coffee and fresh food are low. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 33784 n/a 47997 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 76 4 22 2 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 12 n/a 5007 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Betel nut 76.2 56.8 32.1 15.8 5.5 %* engaged for cash 6.2 7.8 30.3 7.0 2.9 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 6 15022 10014 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 15.4%b 72.6%b 58.2%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs through Imbonggu from Ialibu to Mendi. This ensures that all people in the district are less than four hours travel from a major service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 41.9 Male (%) 46.5 Female (%) 37.1 91 Kagua Erave District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kagua Number of LLGs: 4 - Erave Rural, Kagua Rural, Kuare Rural, Aiya Rural Number of wards: 99 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 54515 23388 29753 1374 10465 50.9 53.0 48.8 60.8 Female (%) 49.1 47.0 51.2 39.2 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 3497 956 15.6 57.0 About Kagua Erave Kagua Erave covers the south eastern tip of Southern Highlands Province and shares the southern border with Central Province, though this area is mostly uninhabited. It encompasses the Valkuru Range and the Kagua, Sugu and Erave Valleys. The district member is Mr. James Lagea, a member of the PNG Conservative Party. The member was Mr. David Basua. There is high potential for crop cultivation in the upper areas of the district’s valleys. However, potential is poor in the steep slopes of the ranges. There is income from oil royalties available for some communities near Erave but otherwise income, principally from coffee and sale of food, is low in most of the district. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 27397 n/a n/a Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 77 12 26 4 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 10 n/a 5452 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coffee Livestock Poultry Fishing 77.3 75.7 57.6 5.2 3.7 %* engaged for cash 7.3 69.8 6.9 1.4 0.4 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 21 7788 2596 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 16.3%b 76.6%b 61.7%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road travels from Erave to Ialibu, which then connects to the Highlands Highway. The people living in the lower Erave Valley are more than one days travel to a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 32.7 Male (%) 37.5 Female (%) 27.9 92 Komo Margarima District General Information Administration District headquarters: Margarima Number of LLGs: 4 - Hulia Rural, Komo Rural, Lower Wage Rural, Upper Wage Rural Number of wards: 93 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 64162 25870 37100 1192 11572 50.9 52.0 49.6 65.4 Female (%) 49.1 48.0 50.4 34.6 About Komo Margarima Komo Margarima is in the centre of Southern Highlands Province and includes the Upper Wage, Andabare, lower Tagari and Hegigio Valleys. A rugged mountain range and gorge run through the middle. This district will become part of the new Hela Province. The district member is Mr. Francis Potape, a member of the New Generation Party. His 2007 election was annulled and Mr. Potape retained his seat at a by-election in 2008. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Balus Libe. Incomes are generally low, but improve with proximity to Tari, where people can sell kaukau, potato and firewood. Land potential is high in flatter areas, but constrained by climate. High intensity kaukau cultivation in areas with poor agricultural potential also creates concerns for food security. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 3928 1001 16.3 64.1 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 33821 n/a n/a Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 65 10 17 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 19 n/a 3377 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Fishing 79.7 66.9 36.2 18.8 4.5 %* engaged for cash 5.5 5.9 31.8 4.6 0.2 Number and population per facility Health centres 9 19 7129 3377 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 9.1%b 47.9%b 35.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Because of the mountains running through the district, travel from Komo to Margarima is a lengthy trip via Tari. Some communities, especially near Mount Sisa, are very remote. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 23.5 Male (%) 27.5 Female (%) 19.4 93 Koroba Lake Kopiago District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kopiago Number of LLGs: 4 - Auwi/Pori Rural, Lake Kopiago Rural, North Koroba Rural, South Koroba Rural Number of wards: 94 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 69575 24337 43495 1743 12147 51.5 52.6 50.6 61.3 Female (%) 48.5 47.4 49.4 38.7 About Koroba-Lake Kopiago Koroba-Lake Kopiago District covers the northern most end of Southern Highlands Province and borders Western, Sandaun and Enga Provinces. It includes the Tagari, Tumbudu, Lagaip and Strickland Valleys. This district will become part of the new Hela Province. The district member is Mr. John Kekeno, a member of the People’s Action Party. He became the member in a by-election in 2005. In 2002, the election victory of the then member Herowa Agiru was declared a failed election. Mr. Petrus Thomas won a subseqent by-election. However, that also was annulled in 2005. Overall there is low potential for agriculture, and in some areas high intensity kaukau cultivation is practised in areas of low potential for cultivation, entailing a vulnerability to land degradation. There are very few income-earning opportunities in this district. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 5272 1537 13.2 45.3 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 40084 n/a 44954 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 64 7 19 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 25 n/a 2783 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Fishing 78.9 70.4 39.5 13.5 8.8 %* engaged for cash 5.6 5.0 35.0 3.1 0.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 8 24 8697 2899 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 15.0%b 37.3%b 28.9%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs from Tari as far as Koroba and a road continues to Lake Kopiago. However, the road is quite deteriorated. People of the Lagaip and Strickland Valleys on either side of the district are very isolated from service centres. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 33.3 Male (%) 37.1 Female (%) 29.3 94 Mendi District General Information Administration District headquarters: Mendi Number of LLGs: 4 - Karints Rural, Lai Valley Rural, Mendi Urban, Upper Mendi Rural Number of wards: 94 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 96413 32004 62797 1612 14919 50.8 52.0 50.0 58.5 Female (%) 49.2 48.0 50.0 41.5 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 1354 549 71.2 175.6 About Mendi Mendi District encompasses Mendi town, the provincial headquarters, and the Upper Mendi, Lai, Imilhama and Nembi Valleys, with the highest peak, Mt. Giluwe in the east. The district member is Mr. Isaac Joseph, a member of the New Generation Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Michael Nali. The high intensity subsistence agriculture practised in many of the district valleys is vulnerable to weather and land degradation, while there are few income-earning opportunities in the district from the sale of food in Mendi town. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 55994 69682 59536 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 60 6 23 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 8 87 12052 1108 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Betel nut 72.3 52.1 33.4 13.5 3.8 %* engaged for cash 4.2 9.2 29.9 6.0 2.0 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 25 19283 3857 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 17.0%b 54.3%b 41.6%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access All people in the district have good access to Mendi town. The Highlands Highway runs from Mendi to Mt. Hagen and to Nipa, whilst minor roads link to Kandep in Enga Province. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 38.2 Male (%) 42.0 Female (%) 34.3 95 Nipa Kutubu District General Information Administration District headquarters: Nipa Number of LLGs: 5 - Lake Kutubu Rural, Mt. Bosavi Rural, Nembi Plateau Rural, Nipa Rural, Poroma Rural Number of wards: 114 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 98505 38442 58809 1254 15856 50.6 52.7 49.1 59.2 Female (%) 49.4 47.3 50.9 40.8 About Nipa Kutubu Nipa Kutubu occupies the south western corner of Southern Highlands Province with Mount Bosavi in the southwest and Lake Kutubu in the southeast. The district includes the Wage, Nembi, Mubi, Digimu and Hegigio Valleys. The Kutubu area within this district will become a new district within Hela Province. The district member is Mr. Philemon Embel of the Pangu Party. He is the Minister for State Assisting the Prime Minister. He was a previous MP. However, the member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Robert Kopoal. In general, Nipa Kutubu has a low potential for agriculture. However, high intensity cultivation of staples like kaukau is occurring in these low potential areas. The Kutubu oil development produces very high incomes for a minority in the district and the potential for these opportunities will increase under the proposed Liquefied Natural Gas Project. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 6794 808 14.5 121.9 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) increase total by somewhere between 100-500 votes. 51867 *90085 64303 *figure does not include informal votes. If known, this would Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 55 11 25 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 29 n/a 3397 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Fishing 79.0 60.9 58.2 12.4 9.7 %* engaged for cash 6.1 9.6 55.3 4.4 0.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 11 20 8955 4925 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.7%b 31.4%b 25.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs through Nipa. From there, a road runs to Lake Kutubu and across the Nembi Plateau. People around the Bosavi area are very isolated from a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 32.3 Male (%) 36.0 Female (%) 28.6 96 Tari Pori District General Information Administration District headquarters: Tari Number of LLGs: 4 - Hayapuga Rural, Tagali Rural, Tari Urban, Tebi Rural Number of wards: 66 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 52210 18956 31858 1396 9019 50.4 51.3 49.5 57.9 Female (%) 49.6 48.7 50.5 42.1 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 1298 695 40.2 75.1 About Tari Pori Tari Pori District is nestled between Koroba Lake Kopiago and Komo Margarima and shares a mountainous northern border with Enga Province. It encompasses the Tagari, Dagia and Huria Valleys. This district will become part of the new Hela Province. The district member is Mr. James Marabe, a member of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Tom Tomiape. Sale of coffee, pigs and food have created a minor source of income in the district. The potential for agriculture on the Tari plains and in the Tagari Valley is constrained by the long distances to travel to markets in Mendi and Mt Hagen. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 29588 n/a 37667 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 45 7 13 1 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 3 43 17403 1214 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coffee Livestock Poultry Betel nut 81.9 75.4 72.3 34.0 5.2 %* engaged for cash 15.0 70.1 20.2 14.6 2.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 27 7459 1934 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate b 2.3%b b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs through the centre of the district, with some other minor roads in the district. A threat to transport is the crime and tribal fighting that can either block the highway or make travel dangerous. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 48.5 Male (%) 51.6 Female (%) 45.4 97 98 Western Highlands Province 99 100 Western Highlands Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Mt. Hagen Number of districts: 7 - Anglimp South Wahgi, Baiyer Mul , Dei, Hagen, Jimi, North Wahgi, Tambul Nebilyer Number of LLGs: 15 Number of wards: 479 About Western Highlands Western Highlands Province covers the Jimi, Wahgi, Baiyer, Lai, Kaugel and Nebilyer Valleys. It also includes the Hagen Range, the Kubor Range and the mountains of the SepikWahgi Divide which run through the entire province. The provincial member declared elected in 2007 was Mr. Tom Olga of the National Alliance Party. The sitting member between 2002 and 2007 was one-time Prime Minister, Mr. Paias Wingti. Western Highlands Province has some of the most productive smallholder agriculture and coffee plantations in PNG. People in the Wahgi, Baiyer and Nebilyer Valleys earn high incomes from the sale of coffee and food. However, the more remote lower Jimi Valley and Mera area earn much lower incomes. Wage employment is also available in the township of Mt Hagen. The Highlands Highway runs through the Wahgi and Nebilyer Valleys. Other smaller road networks travel through the Tambul Nebilyer, Baiyer Mul and Jimi Districts. However, people in the far north, in the lower Jimi Valley and far south near Mera are isolated from service centres. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 440025 159520 268437 12068 95693 51.1 52.6 49.8 51.1 Female (%) 48.9 47.4 50.2 48.9 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 9097 4375 48.4 100.6 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 253483 386177 497190 415291 444357 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.5 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 300 83 106 6 9 9 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 32 77 13751 5715 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coffee Livestock Poultry Betel nut 63 48 15 77.7 77.0 63.6 23.7 5.9 %* engaged for cash 13.2 74.8 7.0 11.1 2.9 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 35 233 12572 1889 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 18.7% 71.0% 55.2% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 38.4 Male 44.1 Female 32.6 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 6175 73.0 Life expectancy (years) Total 56.2 Male 55.6 Female 56.8 101 Angalimp South Wahgi District General Information Administration District headquarters: Minj Number of LLGs: 2 - Angalimp Rural, South Wahgi Rural Number of wards: 80 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 96570 32772 61112 2686 21022 51.2 53.0 49.9 60.2 Female (%) 48.8 47.0 50.1 39.8 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 1970 528 49.0 182.9 About Angalimp South Wahgi Angalimp South Wahgi includes the Kubor Range, the Wahgi Valley on the south side of the Wahgi River and Minj Valley. It is in the south east of Western Highlands Province and shares a border with both Simbu and Southern Highlands Provinces. This district will become part of the new Jiwaka Province. The district member is Mr. Jamie Maxtone-Graham, who ran for election with the PNG Country Party, which then joined the Pangu Party. He won a by-election in 2004 after the death of the member, Mr. Paul Wai. Coffee and food sales constitute high incomes for people in the Wahgi and Minj Valleys where wage employment is available on some coffee plantations. There are very low incomes in the more remote Mera area. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 57497 129809 93666 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 63 16 22 1 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 4 49 24143 1971 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 83.9 74.9 62.8 28.0 6.5 %* engaged for cash 80.9 16.0 9.4 11.4 3.5 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 11 19314 8779 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 17.8%b 53.4%b 47.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs through the north of the district and these areas have reasonable access to both Kundiawa in Simbu Province and Mt. Hagen. The southern Mera area is more remote from a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 42.9 Male (%) 47.8 Female (%) 38.0 102 Baiyer Mul District General Information Administration District headquarters: Baiyer Number of LLGs: 3 - Mul Rural, Baiyer Rural, Lumusa Rural Number of wards: 119 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 56686 20070 34610 2006 13147 50.9 52.5 49.5 59.0 Female (%) 49.1 47.5 50.5 41.0 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 1376 751 41.2 75.5 About Baiyer Mul Baiyer Mul shares a border with Enga Province, where the Lumusa area was once a part of Wapenamanda District. The district includes the Hagen Range and the Baiyer, Lai and Lower Jimi Valleys. The district member is Mr. Sani Rambi of the National Alliance Party. He is the current Minister for Internal Security. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Kuri Kingal. Coffee plantations have created higher incomes for some people in the Middle Baiyer Valley. However, elsewhere incomes are low. There are other areas where the land has high agricultural potential, especially in the Jimi Valley. However, transport infrastructure there is limited. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 33244 36887 0 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 35 9 10 0 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 25 28343 2267 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 82.7 77.1 60.9 22.1 10.3 %* engaged for cash 81.3 14.1 7.7 10.7 3.1 Number and population per facility Health centres 3 21 18895 2699 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 3.3%b 72.1%b 59.9%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road links Baiyer with Mt. Hagen and another continues to Lumusa, linking the coffee plantations in the Baiyer Valley. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 32.9 Male (%) 38.6 Female (%) 27.1 103 Dei District General Information Administration District headquarters: Dei Number of LLGs: 2 - Kotna Rural, Muglamp Rural Number of wards: 51 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 49767 18092 30677 998 11712 50.9 52.4 49.8 58.6 Female (%) 49.1 47.6 50.2 41.4 About Dei 576 334 Dei District is in the centre of Western Highlands Province and encompasses parts of the Baiyer Wahgi Divide and the Sepik Wahgi Divide as well as the Wahgi River. The district member is Mr. Puri Ruing, a member of the PNG Party, who is a former member in this district. However, the member between 2002 and 2007 was Melchior Mak Pep. Coffee plantations have created higher incomes for people in the Wahgi Valley and Baiyer Wahgi Divide. Within this district agricultural potential is high, incomes are high and access to services is reasonably good. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 28725 53684 59705 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 13 16 6 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 12 n/a 4147 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 93.6 77.9 60.4 32.3 6.3 %* engaged for cash 91.6 11.2 6.6 16.7 3.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 7 12442 7110 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 15.7%b 66.0%b 31.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs along the Wahgi Valley and connects to another road to the Baiyer Valley, giving most people good access to Mt. Hagen. The Sepik-Wahgi Divide is more than four hours travel to a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 28.3 Male (%) 34.1 Female (%) 22.3 104 Hagen District General Information Administration District headquarters: Mt. Hagen Number of LLGs: 2 - Mt Hagen Rural, Mt Hagen Urban Number of wards: 48 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 86951 31992 53035 1924 17810 51.4 52.6 50.6 56.9 Female (%) 48.6 47.4 49.4 43.1 About Hagen The District of Hagen covers the Upper Wahgi Valley, the northern areas of the Kubor Range and the south east of the Hagen Range. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 523 438 166.3 198.5 The district member is Mr. William Duma, of the United Resources Party. He is the current Minister for Mining and Petroleum. This is his second term. Coffee plantations have created higher incomes for people in the Wahgi, Kuna and Komun Valleys. Within this district, agricultural potential is mostly high, incomes are high and access to services is reasonably good, with the exception of the steep slopes of the Hagen and Kubor Ranges. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 49521 47159 73969 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 61 10 20 1 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 29 105 2998 828 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coffee Livestock Poultry Betel nut 67.5 65.4 49.6 19.6 3.2 %* engaged for cash 15.3 63.6 5.2 13.6 2.4 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 7 14492 12422 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 25.2%b 86.1%b 75.2%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Highlands Highway runs through the district, with good transport access (less than four hours travel) for most people in the district to reach the major service centre of Mt. Hagen. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 51.4 Male (%) 57.5 Female (%) 45.2 105 Jimi District General Information Administration District headquarters: Tabibuga Number of LLGs: 2 - Jimi Rural, Kol Rural Number of wards: 60 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 37385 14083 22592 710 7699 52.3 53.4 51.3 62.4 Female (%) 47.7 46.6 48.7 37.6 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2375 1315 15.7 28.4 About Jimi Jimi District shares a long border with Madang Province and includes the southern side of the Bismarck Range in the north. It includes the Jimi Valley and the northern side of the SepikWahgi Divide. This district will become part of the new Jiwaka Province. The district member is Mr. Wake Goi, a member of the PNG Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Francis Kunai. Incomes in this district are low, with few income-earning opportunities beyond the small-scale sales of coffee and food. Where there is potential for agriculture in the Lower Jimi Valley, there is limited population and no transport infrastructure. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 21022 29812 32994 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 45 16 16 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 16 n/a 2337 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coffee Livestock Poultry Betel nut 85.9 83.6 81.7 20.8 8.3 %* engaged for cash 2.9 80.4 3.5 1.6 1.4 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 16 6231 2337 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 7.1%b 53.4%b 34.4%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Few and poorly maintained roads in Jimi make this a relatively remote district, with those in the Lower Jimi Valley requiring more than a day’s travel to reach Mt Hagen. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 27.2 Male (%) 34.5 Female (%) 19.2 106 North Wahgi District General Information Administration District headquarters: Banz Number of LLGs: 2 - North Wahgi Rural, Nondugl Rural Number of wards: 44 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 51843 18544 31454 1845 10968 50.7 52.3 49.2 58.6 Female (%) 49.3 47.7 50.8 41.4 About North Wahgi North Wahgi District includes the areas north of the Wahgi River and the southern side of the Sepik-Wahgi Divide. This district will become part of the new Jiwaka Province. The district member is Mr. Benjamin Mul, a member of the PNG Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Michael Mas Kal. Some coffee plantations provide wage employment and income in this district from coffee and food sales is high. Land potential north of the Wahgi River is excellent and appropriate for many crops, while the southern side of the Sepik-Wahgi Divide has low agricultural potential. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 453 301 114.4 172.2 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 30437 49357 40390 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 42 6 13 1 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 12 n/a 4320 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Poultry Betel nut 85.1 84.5 75.0 26.4 5.7 %* engaged for cash 82.8 9.5 6.1 9.8 3.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 7 12961 7406 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 34.8%b 74.8%b 65.4%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The old Highlands Highway runs through the district, in addition to other sealed roads, making transport access to major service centres good for the entire district, both in the direction of Mt. Hagen and Kundiawa in neighbouring Simbu Province. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 40.5 Male (%) 46.0 Female (%) 34.9 107 Tambul Nebilyer District General Information Administration District headquarters: Nebilyer Number of LLGs: 2 – Mt. Giluwe Rural, Nebilyer Rural Number of wards: 77 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 60823 23967 34957 1899 13335 50.2 52.1 48.5 56.7 Female (%) 49.8 47.9 51.5 43.3 About Tambul Nebilyer 1824 708 33.3 85.9 Tambul Nebilyer District shares a southern border with Southern Highlands Province and includes the Kaugel and Nebilyer Valleys, the north side of Mt. Giluwe and south side of the Kubor Range. The district member is Mr. Benjamin Poponawa, who ran for elections as an independent candidate and is now a member of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Mark Anis. Some coffee plantations provide wage employment in the Nebilyer Valley, with other moderate incomes available from sales of coffee, food and firewood. Land potential is also very high for many crops, which is combined with good access to markets in Mt Hagen. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 33037 53193 64774 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 41 10 19 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 14 n/a 4345 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Coffee Poultry Betel nut 86.0 69.3 51.0 15.7 2.7 %* engaged for cash 15.6 8.3 49.2 9.6 1.7 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 8 15206 7603 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 21.0%b 88.0%b 72.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road from Tambul to the Highlands Highway and to Southern Highlands Province gives all people in the district reasonable transport access to a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 31.2 Male (%) 36.6 Female (%) 25.8 108 Momase Region 109 110 East Sepik Province 111 112 East Sepik Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Wewak Number of districts: 6 - Ambunti Dreikikir, Angoram, Maprik, Wewak, Wosera Gaui, Yangoru Saussia Number of LLGs: 26 Number of wards: 647 About East Sepik East Sepik Province covers the coastal plains, the end of the Torricelli Mountains and the Prince Alexander Mountains in the north. The Sepik River flows east to west through the province, with the Central Range and the border with Enga Province in the south. The provincial member is the Prime Minister, Grand Chief Sir Michael Thomas Somare, of the National Alliance Party. He was Papua New Guinea’s first Prime Minister and has served this electorate since 1968. Most of the people of East Sepik Province earn relatively low incomes from food, cocoa, fish or betel nut. Some more moderate incomes can be earned around Yangoru and Dreikikir from selling rubber, cocoa and food. However poor roads are a major limitation. There are also no major industries in the province. The Sepik Highway and other minor roads provide good coverage of the more populated areas in the north of the province. Water transport is most significant along the Sepik and other rivers. People in the south of the province, towards the border with Enga Province are the most remote, requiring more than a day’s travel to reach a service centre. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 343181 149905 183776 9500 65231 50.1 51.7 48.7 50.1 Female (%) 49.9 48.3 51.3 49.9 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 43426 9662 7.9 35.5 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 170623 160733 286716 174215 240551 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.2 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 273 48 197 11 4 9 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 37 87 9275 3945 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Betel nut Cocoa Coffee 115 79 36 79.1 75.7 72.3 61.3 57.4 %* engaged for cash 10.4 9.7 17.3 60.3 56.2 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 17 176 20187 1950 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 2.8% 73.8% 50.5% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 52.7 Male 59.7 Female 46.0 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 2380 43.8 Life expectancy (years) Total 52.2 Male 51.3 Female 53.1 113 Ambunti Dreikikir District General Information Administration District headquarters: Ambunti Number of LLGs: 4 - Ambunti Rural, Dreikikir Rural, Gawanga Rural, Tunap Hustein Number of wards: 123 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 55397 24154 30028 1215 11535 50.6 51.5 49.7 53.2 Female (%) 49.4 48.5 50.3 46.8 About Ambunti Dreikikir 10784 2412 5.1 23.0 Ambunti-Dreikikir District occupies the western border of the district. The Torricelli Mountains rise in the north while the Sepik River flows through Ambunti. The district member is Mr. Tony Aimos, of the People’s Action Party. This is his second term in parliament. Moderate incomes from the sale of food and coffee can be earned around Dreikikir. However for the rest of the district there are very few income-earning opportunities. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 27717 26800 27408 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 82 7 39 2 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 12 n/a 4616 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Coffee Betel nut Cocoa 79.4 78.7 69.3 67.1 51.0 %* engaged for cash 1.1 4.9 68.3 3.5 50.4 Number and population per facility Health centres 8 12 6925 4616 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 2.8%b 65.5%b 43.2%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road runs from Wewak through Dreikikir and on to Lumi in Sandaun Province. Ambunti is not linked by road. People instead travel along the Sepik River to Pagwi, and then by road to Wewak. Those in the southern Sepik tributaries are very remote. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 40.3 Male (%) 48.6 Female (%) 31.9 114 Angoram District General Information Administration District headquarters: Angoram Number of LLGs: 5 – Angoram Middle Sepik Rural, Karawari Rural, Keram Rural, Marienberg Lower Sepik Rural, Yuat Rural Number of wards: 149 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 68796 31589 35546 1661 11139 50.6 52.0 49.4 50.5 Female (%) 49.4 48.0 50.6 49.5 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 17546 1996 3.9 34.5 About Angoram Angoram District in the east of East Sepik Province includes the Murik Lakes, the Lower Sepik Valley, and the northern side of the Central Range. The district member is Mr. Arthur Somare of the National Alliance party. He is serving a third consecutive term. He is the current Minister for Public Enterprises. Incomes range from high in Gavien to moderate along the Sepik and Keram Rivers but fall to low toward the Central Range. There is some potential for agriculture in the Marienberg Hills. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 32582 30583 30171 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 40 21 40 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 21 34398 3276 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Betel nut Fishing Cocoa 70.9 69.2 68.8 52.5 39.4 %* engaged for cash 11.8 11.0 20.5 8.7 36.7 Number and population per facility Health centres 8 20 8600 3440 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 3.5%b 63.7%b 43.3%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Sepik Valley and coast have reasonable access to service centres via river transport. However, those living in the Central Range are very remote. A road also runs from Angoram to Wewak. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 45.0 Male (%) 51.7 Female (%) 38.4 115 Maprik District General Information Administration District headquarters: Maprik Number of LLGs: 4 – Albiges Mablep Rural, Bumbuita Muhiang Rural, Maprik Wora Rural, Yamil Tamaui Rural Number of wards: 65 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 57806 24442 31463 1901 12095 49.6 51.5 48.0 52.1 Female (%) 50.4 48.5 52.0 47.9 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 1097 722 52.7 80.1 About Maprik Maprik District is a small district to the south side of the Torricelli Range and covers the Ambuk and Upper Amogu Rivers and the Parchee River. The district member is Mr. Gabriel Kapris, a member of the People’s Action Party and the Minister for Commerce and Industry. This is his second term. Moderate incomes are available to people in the foothills of the Torricelli Range from the sale of coffee, cocoa and food, while incomes are lower in the Parchee River area. A small amount of income is also available from alluvial gold mining in the north of the district. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 29795 27873 34079 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 40 3 24 2 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 1 25 57806 2312 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Coconut Cocoa Food crops Betel nut 88.2 87.8 86.7 83.6 68.7 %* engaged for cash 87.5 3.4 86.3 10.0 14.1 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 17 11561 3400 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 4.3%b 80.8%b 60.0%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The major service centre of Maprik is within four hours travel for most of the people of the district. There are well developed rural roads linking villages as well as a road to Pagwi in neighbouring Wosera Gaui District. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 48.8 Male (%) 55.6 Female (%) 42.3 116 Wewak District General Information Administration District headquarters: Wewak Number of LLGs: 5 – Boikin Dagua Rural, Turubu Rural, Wewak Islands Rural, Wewak Rural, Wewak Urban Number of wards: 108 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 63965 26789 35733 1443 11007 51.5 52.4 50.8 52.7 Female (%) 48.5 47.6 49.2 47.3 About Wewak Wewak District runs along the strip of land on the northern coast of East Sepik Province, on the north side of the Alexander Range. It also includes the islands close to the coast of which Mushu and Kairiru are the largest, as well as the Shouten Islands further offshore. The district member is Mr. Jim Simatab who ran for election as an independent. However, then joined the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Kimson Marcus Kare. Wage employment and a large market are available in the Wewak town centre. Moderate incomes are available from the sale of copra, fish and fresh food on Shouten Islands but much of the rest of the district has low incomes. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2284 1775 28.0 36.0 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 32556 24864 29600 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 43 6 39 3 4 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 14 96 4569 666 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Betel nut Coconut Food crops Cocoa Fishing 69.1 66.8 62.5 50.4 29.6 %* engaged for cash 29.3 36.3 11.4 49.5 4.0 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 19 9138 3367 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 0.5%b 76.0%b 48.2%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road runs through Wewak from Angoram to Aitape. However, it is often subject to flooding. The coastal plains and the Shouten Islands require up to eight hours travel to get to Wewak. Water transport is important for all coastal areas. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 78.7 Male (%) 82.7 Female (%) 74.6 117 Wosera Gaui District General Information Administration District headquarters: Wosera Number of LLGs: 4 – Burui Kunai Rural, Gaui Rural, North Wosera Rural, South Wosera Rural Number of wards: 106 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 49408 22336 25697 1375 10089 48.7 51.3 46.6 47.5 Female (%) 51.3 48.7 53.4 52.5 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 9055 1337 5.5 37.0 About Wosera Gaui Wosera Gaui District stretches from Maprik down to the southern border of East Sepik Province, from the Torricelli Range and Amogu Valley in the north, through the Sepik Valley to the northern side of the Central Range. The district member is Mr. Ronald Asik of the People’s Action Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Gallus Yumbui. Incomes are moderate in the Amogu Valley from the sale of food, coffee and copra, low in the Sepik Valley and very low closer to the Central Range. The land in the Amogu Valley has high potential for cultivation and could be used for further agricultural development. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 23994 25268 26886 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 28 5 26 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 13 n/a 3801 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Betel nut Food crops Coffee Cocoa 83.1 81.3 78.5 72.4 61.4 %* engaged for cash 2.7 14.9 8.9 71.3 60.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 10 8235 4941 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 0.1%b 70.4%b 48.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Rural roads cover the areas closer to the coast and a road also runs to Pagwi on the Sepik River. Canoe and boat travel to along the Sepik River is important. The people in the southern-most areas, near the Central Range are very remote. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 45.9 Male (%) 53.9 Female (%) 38.8 118 Yangoru Saussia District General Information Administration District headquarters: Yangoru Number of LLGs: 4 - East Yangoru Rural, Numbor Rural, Sausso Rural, West Yangoru Number of wards: 96 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 47809 20595 25309 1905 9366 49.0 51.5 46.8 51.7 Female (%) 51.0 48.5 53.2 48.3 About Yangoru Saussia Yangoru Saussia District, south of Wewak, occupies the southern side of the Prince Alexander Range and the plains of a number of rivers, all flowing into the Sepik River. The district member is Mr. Peter Wararu of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Hagoria. The National Court had initially nullified Mr. Wararu’s election. However, his victory was later confirmed. There is potential for further agricultural development in the area around Yangoru, given its good land and proximity to markets. Moderate incomes can be earned at the base of the Prince Alexander Range. However, incomes in the rest of the district are low to very low, from sales of coffee, copra, cocoa and food. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2660 1420 18.0 33.7 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 23979 24369 26417 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 40 6 29 2 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 9 n/a 5312 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Betel nut Cocoa Coffee 87.2 81.9 81.2 79.9 74.1 %* engaged for cash 7.4 12.2 22.7 79.2 72.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 3 9 15936 5312 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.1%b 90.2%b 63.4%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Sepik Highway runs through the north of the district and rural roads cover populated areas. Those people living near the Nangan and Pasik Rivers require up to eight hours travel to the major service centre of Wewak. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 54.2 Male (%) 62.4 Female (%) 46.6 119 120 Madang Province 121 122 Madang Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Madang Number of districts: 6 - Bogia, Madang, Middle Ramu, Rai Coast, Sumkar, Usino Bundi Number of LLGs: 19 Number of wards: 451 About Madang Madang Province runs along the coast from the head of the Ramu River south to Saidor. Going inland, it covers the Ruboni, Adelbert, Schrader, Bismarck and Finisterre Ranges, and the Ramu, Sogeram and Golgol Valleys. The provincial member declared elected in 2007 was Sir Arnold Amet, a member of the National Alliance Party. This victory was subsequently annulled. Sir Amet has appealled against this ruling. He continues to hold the position of Governor. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Sir Peter Barter. High incomes can be earned on Karkar Island and along the coast from the sale of cocoa, betel nut, copra and food. The rest of the province has less access to markets and therefore earns mostly low incomes. Some wage-earning opportunities are also available in the town of Madang, with Ramu Sugar and with expanding mining and forestry operations. Roads travel along the coast of the province from Bogia to Saidor, as well as within the Golgol Valley near Madang Town. A road also runs inland to Josephstaal and through the Ramu Valley towards Lae. Areas in the very west of the province, such as Simbai, are very remote. Water transport is also common along the coast and particularly to the islands. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 365106 160075 198337 6694 60709 52.1 52.4 51.7 52.1 Female (%) 47.9 47.6 48.3 47.9 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 28886 16139 12.6 22.6 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 181107 158742 345476 157371 224303 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.7 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 299 26 178 6 4 6 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 38 102 9608 3579 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Cocoa Livestock 113 78 35 76.3 70.7 58.6 39.7 39.3 %* engaged for cash 13.3 25.3 31.4 39.0 5.2 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 23 196 15874 1863 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 8.6% 63.9% 45.0% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 55.2 Male 61.2 Female 48.8 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 3297 36.3 Life expectancy (years) Total 51.1 Male 51 Female 51.3 123 Bogia District General Information Administration District headquarters: Bogia Number of LLGs: 3 - Amami Rural, Iabu Rural, Yawar Rural Number of wards: 90 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 57104 26399 29298 1407 9681 51.7 52.5 50.9 55.7 Female (%) 48.3 47.5 49.1 44.3 About Bogia 3978 2108 14.4 27.1 Bogia District occupies the northern tip of Madang Province, with the Ramu River flowing to the sea in the north. The Ramu plains are fringed by the Ruboni and Adelbert Ranges. The district also includes Manam Island, an active volcano that has recently seen most of the island’s affected villages evacuated. The district member is Mr. John Hickey of the National Alliance Party. He has held the seat since 2002. He is also the current Minister for Agriculture and Livestock. Low incomes from sales of food, cocoa and copra are most common in the district. There is some moderate potential for further agricultural development of the cocoa industry. However, overall, the land is of low potential, especially in the northern, flood-prone area of the Ramu Valley. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 26961 24803 23879 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 71 10 40 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 15 n/a 3807 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Betel nut Cocoa Fishing 84.7 83.9 82.7 61.1 41.3 %* engaged for cash 42.3 13.7 25.4 60.5 7.9 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 15 9517 3807 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 1.5%b 80.4%b 45.3%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road travels from Madang to Bogia and then from Bogia to Josephstaal inland. This puts all people in the district within eight hours of a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 58.5 Male (%) 65.0 Female (%) 51.7 124 Madang District General Information Administration District headquarters: Madang Number of LLGs: 3 - Ambenob Rural, Madang Urban, Transgogol Rural Number of wards: 49 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 86693 35788 49565 1340 13609 53.1 52.4 53.5 59.7 Female (%) 46.9 47.6 46.5 40.3 About Madang Madang District centres on Madang town, and includes the Adelbert Range, Gogol Valley and Upper Sogeram Valley. The district member is Mr. Buka Malai, a member of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Alois Kingsley. People near the coast can make higher incomes from the sale of cocoa, copra, betel nut and food, as well as access some wage employment in various industries in Madang town. However, those in the western ranges and valleys have few income-earning opportunities. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2565 2486 33.8 34.9 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 44854 31954 36048 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 59 3 36 3 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 21 123 4128 705 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Betel nut Food crops Coconut Cocoa Poultry 61.7 57.7 52.9 26.8 22.9 %* engaged for cash 32.0 18.9 23.2 26.3 4.9 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 21 14449 4128 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 18.0%b 74.2%b 56.4%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A network of roads serves those living close to Madang town, and a road runs from Madang to Lae. However, people in the far west in the Upper Sogeram Valley still require up to eight hours to travel to Madang. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 75.2 Male (%) 79.0 Female (%) 70.8 125 Middle Ramu District General Information Administration District headquarters: Simbai Number of LLGs: 4 - Arabaka Rural, Josephstaal Rural, Simbai Rural, Gama Rural Number of wards: 94 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 57879 26150 30904 825 9337 50.6 52.5 48.8 60.8 Female (%) 49.4 47.5 51.2 39.2 About Middle Ramu The plains of the Ramu Valley run through the centre of this district. It also includes parts of the Schrader Range in the west and the Adelbert Range and Sogeram Valley in the east. The district member is Mr. Ben Semri, a member of the People’s Action Party and Minister for Fisheries. This is his second term. Incomes across the district are very low with small sales of food, coconut and betel nut. Logging and mining developments offer some income and royalties. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 7222 3748 8.0 15.4 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 28170 25843 24297 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 25 5 19 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 7 n/a 8268 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Poultry Livestock Coffee 84.4 58.7 54.0 54.0 47.0 %* engaged for cash 6.7 23.6 3.6 3.8 44.4 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 22 8268 2631 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 2.4%b 37.1%b 26.7%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road links Josephstaal with Bogia in the east and logging and mining developments in the district will see additional road developments. However, those people in the Schrader Range remain very remote from service centres. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 23.7 Male (%) 30.7 Female (%) 16.6 126 Rai Coast District General Information Administration District headquarters: Rai Coast Number of LLGs: 4 - Astrolabe Bay Rural, Naho Rawa Rural, Rai Coast Rural Nayudo Rural Number of wards: 84 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 56299 25530 29658 1111 9506 51.3 52.1 50.4 55.3 Female (%) 48.7 47.9 49.6 44.7 About Rai Coast Rai Coast District covers the length of coast south of Madang, which rises up into the Finisterre Range. It also includes the volcanic Long Island. The Rai Coast seat is currently vacant. The district member, Mr. Niuro Sapia has recently passed away. His victory came at a 2007 by-election after the disqualification of the 2007 election winner, Mr. James Yali. Astrolabe Bay Rural LLG in this district is one of only four local-level governments in PNG to have a female president. Incomes are low to very low in the district. The coast and ranges have low potential for cultivation, further challenged by high population pressure in the ranges. Good land on Long Island is constrained by distance and the presence of a volcano. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 5433 2270 10.4 24.8 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 27225 24936 23488 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 30 3 34 0 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 13 n/a 4331 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Coffee Livestock 79.6 70.9 45.7 42.3 41.6 %* engaged for cash 16.9 23.6 31.7 41.1 8.4 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 30 9383 1877 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 2.6%b 39.3%b 27.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Coastal areas are up to four hours travel from Madang. However, in the wet season, flooded roads are common. Water transport is often used instead. Walking is the only means of getting from the Finisterre Range to the coast. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 44.8 Male (%) 52.9 Female (%) 36.4 127 Sumkar District General Information Administration District headquarters: Karkar Number of LLGs: 2 - Karkar Rural, Sumgilbar Rural Number of wards: 64 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 67052 28864 36713 1475 11358 52.7 52.5 52.8 55.9 Female (%) 47.3 47.5 47.2 44.1 About Sumkar Sumkar District stretches across the Adelbert Range, the plains of the Malas, Gilagil and Surumarang Rivers along the coast and also includes Karkar and Bagabag Islands. The district member is Mr. Ken Fairweather, who ran for elections as an independent candidate and is now a member of the National Congress Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Mathew Gubag. High incomes can be earned along the coast as well as on Karkar Island, from the sale of cocoa, copra, betel nut and fresh food, while incomes are more moderate in the Adelbert Range. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2001 1713 33.5 39.1 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 33641 26783 28039 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 84 1 36 0 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 23 33526 2915 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Betel nut Food crops Coconut Cocoa Livestock 86.2 83.2 77.5 67.3 53.5 %* engaged for cash 23.2 9.6 72.3 66.7 4.3 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 8 11175 8382 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 13.1%b 84.4%b 63.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road runs north of Madang through the district, with other, smaller roads leading inland. People on Karkar Island need to travel for about half a day to reach Madang and those in the mountain range need about eight hours. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 70.9 Male (%) 74.1 Female (%) 67.4 128 Usino Bundi District General Information Administration District headquarters: Usino Number of LLGs: 3 - Bundi Rural, Usino Rural Kovon Rural Number of wards: 70 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 40079 17344 22199 536 7218 52.9 52.6 52.9 63.4 Female (%) 47.1 47.4 47.1 36.6 About Usino Bundi Usino Bundi District includes the mountains of the Bismarck Fall, the Simbai Valley and the plains of the Ramu and Sogerum Valleys. The district member is Mr. Samson Kuli of the People’s Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Peter Yama. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 7687 3814 5.2 10.5 The people near the Ramu Highway have opportunities to earn moderate incomes from sales of food and other goods. A small population earns high incomes from wages at Ramu Sugar while some wages and royalties are available from mining and forestry operations. However most people in the district earn very low incomes. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 20256 18600 21347 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 30 4 13 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 15 n/a 2672 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Livestock Coconut Coffee 75.6 62.5 50.4 39.7 34.6 %* engaged for cash 11.8 20.2 5.7 3.3 31.1 Number and population per facility Health centres 7 6 5726 6680 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 8.5%b 56.8%b 41.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access The Ramu Highway runs through the south, linking these areas to Madang town. Some new roads near Simbai and Aiome are improving transport. However, most people in these areas require up to eight hours travel to Madang. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 39.2 Male (%) 46.6 Female (%) 30.8 129 130 Morobe Province 131 132 Morobe Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Lae Number of districts: 9 - Bulolo, Finschhafen, Huon Gulf, Kabwum, Lae, Markham, Menyamya, Nawae, Tewai Siassi Number of LLGs: 33 Number of wards: 547 About Morobe Morobe Province stretches from the Sarawaget Range in the north along the Huon Peninsula to the east and through the Markham Valley in the centre of the province. The Bulolo and Watut Valleys run north-south, with the Ekuti and Owen Stanley Ranges in the south. The provincial member is Mr. Luther Wenge of the Pipol First Party. This is his third term. High agricultural incomes from the sale of betel nut and fresh food can be earned by those living in the Markham and Watut Valleys. More moderate incomes can be earned from fish, food, coconut and betel nut in the coastal areas around Lae. More remote areas earn very low incomes. Other sources of income are also available from mining near Wau, forestry near Bulolo and cattle in the Markham Valley. The Highlands Highway and a road between Lae and Wau provide reasonable road access in the province. Roads along the Huon Peninsula do not connect to Lae, making water transport more common, which becomes dangerous in the wet season. The very north of the province in Kabwum Distict and south of the province, around Garaina are very remote. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 539404 216396 311857 11151 95774 52.0 52.4 51.7 52.0 Female (%) 48.0 47.6 48.3 48.0 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 33705 11708 16.0 46.1 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 287749 213772 462341 227441 356772 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.8 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 509 88 222 11 7 7 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 39 219 13831 2463 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coffee Coconut Livestock 118 80 38 69.2 59.4 45.7 36.9 34.5 %* engaged for cash 12.5 25.4 44.5 9.3 9.1 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 56 310 9632 1740 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 9.2% 69.9% 50.0% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 63.6 Male 69.5 Female 57.3 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 12136 34.4 Life expectancy (years) Total 51.7 Male 51.2 Female 52.3 133 Bulolo District General Information Administration District headquarters: Bulolo Number of LLGs: 6 - Mumeng Rural, Waria Rural, Watut Rural, Wau Bulolo Urban, Wau Rural, Buang Rural Number of wards: 108 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 77232 31716 43663 1853 13698 53.3 52.4 53.8 56.8 Female (%) 46.7 47.6 46.2 43.2 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 7180 1983 10.8 38.9 About Bulolo Bulolo District encompasses the Watut, Snake and Bulolo Valleys in the north and the Waria Valley, Kuper Range and Kodama Range in the south. The district member is Mr. Sam Basil, of the People’s Progress Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. John Muingnepe. High incomes from the sale of food and coffee are available in the Snake Valley, medium incomes and some wage-earning opportunities in mining and forestry are available near Wau and Bulolo, while incomes in the south of the district are very low. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 40468 33727 34452 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 62 11 31 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 11 n/a 7021 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coffee Betel nut Coconut Livestock 70.2 50.8 42.7 27.9 19.7 %* engaged for cash 13.3 47.9 16.7 5.0 5.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 42 19308 1839 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.3%b 58.0%b 40.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access While road access between Wau, Bulolo and Lae is reasonable, there is no road to the south of the district. Those in the Watut and Waria Valleys and surrounding mountains must travel up to eight hours to a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 52.3 Male (%) 58.2 Female (%) 45.3 134 Finschhafen District General Information Administration District headquarters: Gagidu Number of LLGs: 5 - Hube Rural, Kottee Rural, Yabim Mape Rural Finschhafen Urban Burum Kuat Rural Number of wards: 57 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 45287 18484 25390 1413 8847 49.9 51.8 48.3 52.4 Female (%) 50.1 48.2 51.7 47.6 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2642 1303 17.1 34.8 About Finschhafen Finschhafen District occupies the end of the Huon Peninsula. It includes the Cromwell Mountains and the valleys of the Song, Mape, Mongi, Kua and Bulum Rivers. The district member is Mr. Theo Zurenuoc. He was elected as an independent but is now a member of the People’s Progress Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Guoa Zurenuoc. Incomes are very low in the entire district. Land potential is moderate to low and combined with poor transport access offers few potential livelihoods. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 23827 22857 22348 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 56 10 28 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 26 22644 1742 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coffee Livestock Coconut 84.3 70.0 67.5 47.9 36.1 %* engaged for cash 16.6 44.8 66.1 14.6 17.9 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 24 9057 1887 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 9.3%b 77.5%b 53.8%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access There are some roads running along the coast and inland. However, there is no road connection to Lae. Water transport is common but conditions are dangerous in the wet season. Passenger ships run between Lae and Finschhafen. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 75.4 Male (%) 80.3 Female (%) 70.6 135 Huon Gulf District General Information Administration District headquarters: Salamaua Number of LLGs: 3 - Morobe Rural, Salamaua Rural, Wampar Rural Number of wards: 64 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 59523 23202 35102 1219 10603 53.1 52.9 53.3 50.7 Female (%) 46.9 47.1 46.7 49.3 About Huon Gulf Huon Gulf District runs from the inland areas in the centre of Morobe Province, down the south coast to the border of Oro Province. It covers the lower Markham, Watut and Ramu Valleys in the north and the coastal plains in the south. The district member is Mr. Sasa Zibe, of the National Alliance Party. He is the Minister for Health and HIV/AIDS. This is his second term. High incomes from the sale of food and betel nut can be earned in the north, while moderate incomes can be earned on the coast selling food, coconut and fish in markets in Lae. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 7401 1906 8.0 31.2 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 32554 24030 27221 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 55 14 32 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 7 n/a 8503 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Betel nut Coconut Food crops Fishing Livestock 76.7 70.9 68.6 28.1 22.8 %* engaged for cash 47.3 16.3 16.1 8.1 4.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 4 28 14881 2126 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 12.7%b 70.6%b 53.6%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access In the north, the Highlands Highway runs from Lae going west, however there are no roads going south. Water transport in small boats is common on the coast but can be seasonally dangerous. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 73.5 Male (%) 78.0 Female (%) 68.4 136 Kabwum District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kabwum Number of LLGs: 4 - Deyamos Rural, Selepet Rural, Yus Rural, Komba Rural Number of wards: 67 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 41883 17013 23567 1303 8050 47.9 51.3 45.2 51.3 Female (%) 52.1 48.7 54.8 48.7 About Kabwum Kabwum District covers the north side of the Sarawaget Range. This includes the Yapna, Urawa, Som, Timbe and Kwama Rivers. The district member is Mr. Bob Dadae, a member of the United Party. He is the Minister for Defence. This is his second term. Income is low throughout the district, because of isolation from service centres. There is no land in the district with a particularly high potential for cultivation, food security is a concern and people have limited cash to purchase supplementary food. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2778 983 15.1 42.6 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 22163 20345 19654 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 52 14 19 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 5 n/a 8377 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Livestock Betel nut Poultry 93.9 89.8 74.5 35.7 30.9 %* engaged for cash 92.1 3.8 7.0 8.9 3.1 Number and population per facility Health centres 3 26 13961 1611 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 7.0%b 111.9%b 55.8%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access There is a road from Wasu in Tewai-Siassi District to Kabwum. However, some areas are very remote from Kabwum and more so from major service centres. Coastal travel is by small boats, which can be dangerous in the wet season. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 51.0 Male (%) 59.2 Female (%) 43.8 137 Lae District General Information Administration District headquarters: Lae Number of LLGs: 2 - Ahi Rural, Lae Urban Number of wards: 25 Map unavailable Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 119178 42359 75746 1073 17795 54.7 53.0 55.5 62.1 Female (%) 45.3 47.0 44.5 37.9 About Lae Lae District covers the largest urban centre of Papua New Guinea outside of Port Moresby and is a major commercial and industrial hub. The district member is Mr. Bart Philemon, of the New Generation Party. He has been the member since 1992. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area n/a Incomes are high from the sale of a range of goods in markets as well as many non-agricultural opportunities in Lae’s commercial sector. There is very little rural, agricultural activity in this small, urban district. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) increase total by somewhere between 100-500 votes. 68114 *18132 24502 *figure does not include informal votes. If known, this would Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 57 0 20 2 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 54 223 2207 534 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Betel nut Coconut Food crops Poultry Livestock 40.1 35.7 27.8 9.9 6.4 %* engaged for cash 16.8 7.6 10.3 6.7 2.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 9 4 13242 29795 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 16.1%b 68.5%b 57.2%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Lae is a major service and market centre for goods and people travelling in from the Highlands Region and the districts of Morobe Province. There is also commercial shipping along the coast and to the New Guinea Islands. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 85.1 Male (%) 88.1 Female (%) 81.5 138 Markham District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kaiapit Number of LLGs: 3 – Onga Waffa Rural, Umi Atzera Rural, Wantoat Leron Rural Number of wards: 63 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 49369 19429 29006 934 9210 51.3 53.1 50.3 45.4 Female (%) 48.7 46.9 49.7 54.6 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 4311 1352 11.5 36.5 About Markham Markham District covers the Upper Ramu and Markham Valleys, including the Leron, Mami, Ufim, Ikwap and Wontaop Rivers. The Sarawaget Range is in the north, as are the Wanton and Wafu Valleys. The district member is Mr. Koni Iguan, a member of the People’s Labor Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Andrew Baing. Both the Markham and Ramu Valleys offer moderate to high land potential and good access to markets, with some smallholder activities. Incomes are therefore high from the sale of food and betel nut. However, incomes are low in the rest of the district, particularly in more mountainous areas. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 26807 22051 25591 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 52 13 22 0 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 6 n/a 8228 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Livestock Coffee 78.9 78.5 63.2 45.0 41.1 %* engaged for cash 21.3 46.7 7.1 16.0 40.7 Number and population per facility Health centres 2 24 24685 2057 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 7.1%b 66.2%b 48.7%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access There is good road accessibility in the centre of the district, where the Highlands Highway runs through. A road to Wantoat in the north allows for travel to Lae in less than eight hours. However, those in the south of the district are quite remote. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 54.1 Male (%) 62.8 Female (%) 45.2 139 Menyamya District General Information Administration District headquarters: Menyamya Number of LLGs: 4 - Kapao Rural, Koma Rural, Wapi Rural, Nanima Number of wards: 60 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 68546 32873 34769 904 13489 50.9 52.3 49.3 61.6 Female (%) 49.1 47.7 50.7 38.4 About Menyamya Menyamya District, on the south western border of Morobe Province, shares a border with Eastern Highlands and Gulf Provinces. It lies over the main mountain divide of PNG, with the Tauri River flowing south to the gulf and the Watut River flowing north. The district member is Mr. Benjamin Philip, a member of the Rural Development Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Teta Geoka. Average incomes across the whole district are low. Land potential is poor in most of the district and remoteness from markets is a major handicap. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 3729 2146 18.4 31.9 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 31949 26690 27286 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 56 6 18 1 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 12 n/a 5712 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coffee Food crops Betel nut Livestock Poultry 87.0 79.1 72.3 37.2 15.1 %* engaged for cash 85.9 5.9 11.6 14.9 3.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 20 13709 3427 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.1%b 47.7%b 34.6%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road links Aseki with Bulolo. However, people in the district are still up to eight hours travel to a service centre. A very poor road also leads to Marawaka in Eastern Highlands Province. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 26.1 Male (%) 34.2 Female (%) 17.7 140 Nawae District General Information Administration District headquarters: Boana Number of LLGs: 3 - Labuta Rural, Nabak Rural, Wain-Erap Rural Number of wards: 46 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 35059 13844 20150 1065 6430 51.2 52.5 50.1 53.4 Female (%) 48.8 47.5 49.9 46.6 About Nawae Nawae District stretches north and east from Lae. In the east, it includes the coast of Bukaua. In the north, it covers parts of the Rawlinson and Sarawaget Ranges and numerous river valleys. The district member is Mr. Timothy Bonga, who contested the 2007 elections as an independent but is now a member of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Wesley Zurenuoc. While moderate incomes from betel nut, cocoa, coconut and fish can be earned on the coast, low incomes are earned in the majority of the district from sales of food and coffee, and very low incomes are earned in the most remote inland areas. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 3129 968 11.2 36.2 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 19011 24849 25849 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 55 6 26 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 5 n/a 7012 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coffee Livestock Coconut 83.9 63.5 57.0 49.9 43.5 %* engaged for cash 16.1 22.0 54.7 6.5 6.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 2 19 17530 1845 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 3.5%b 78.3%b 53.4%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Most of the district has decent transport access to Lae. The Boana area has a road running from the Highlands Highway in the Markham Valley. A road along the coast is frequently closed and water transport is common. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 71.5 Male (%) 74.8 Female (%) 68.1 141 Tewai-Siassi District General Information Administration District headquarters: Sialum Number of LLGs: 3 - Sialum Rural, Siassi Rural, Wasu Rural Number of wards: 57 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 43327 17476 24464 1387 7652 50.8 51.8 50.2 48.4 Female (%) 49.2 48.2 49.8 51.6 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2535 1067 17.1 40.6 About Tewai Siassi Tewai-Siassi District is a long, narrow strip of land along the north coast of the Huon Peninsula. It also includes the islands of Sakar, Umboi, Tolokiwa, Malai and Tuam. The district member is Mr. Vincent Michaels, who ran for the 2007 elections as an independent candidate and is now a member of the New Generation Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Mao Zeming. Low incomes are the norm across the district from the sale of food, fish, betel nut and coconut. There are some incomes and royalties from forestry on Umboi Island. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 22856 19920 20549 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 64 14 26 3 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 15 n/a 2888 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Livestock Coffee 83.5 73.1 64.7 54.9 43.8 %* engaged for cash 14.0 27.4 31.2 15.4 42.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 32 8665 1354 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 7.9%b 77.8%b 56.6%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road at the end of the peninsula links Sialum with Finschhafen. However, water transport is more common. Seas are dangerous in the wet season. There is some passenger shipping between Finschhafen and the islands. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 68.0 Male (%) 74.0 Female (%) 62.0 142 Sandaun Province 143 144 Sandaun Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Vanimo Number of districts: 4 – Aitape Lumi, Nuku, Telefomin, Vanimo Green Number of LLGs: 16 Number of wards: 315 About Sandaun Sandaun Province covers the north western corner of PNG, along the border with West Papua in Indonesia. Plains and swamps run along the coast. However inland the province includes the Torricelli, Bewani, Border and Star Mountains which encircle the Sepik Valley and other rivers. The provincial member is Mr. Simon Solo of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Carlos Kalang Yuni. Sandaun Province is comparatively very poor. Income-earning opportunities are low across the province, as is the potential for agricultural development, with the exception of some small areas around Lumi. Some wages and royalties can be earned from forest industries, through the importation of goods from Indonesia, and selling food to the Ok Tedi Mine in neighbouring Western Province. The Sepik Highway and other roads link Lumi, Nuku and Aitape, but do not connect to the provincial capital Vanimo. From Vanimo, other roads link to the border and inland to Bawani. The south of the province, especially Telefomin District, is very remote. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 185741 81123 101205 3413 31589 51.4 52.3 50.7 51.4 Female (%) 48.6 47.7 49.3 48.6 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 35820 8400 5.2 22.1 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 92253 85081 145838 91316 122439 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.4 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 268 93 107 8 4 9 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 31 117 5991 1587 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Betel nut Cocoa Coffee 163 105 58 75.4 72.3 71.1 45.7 27.9 %* engaged for cash 9.1 7.6 8.1 44.2 26.1 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 4 83 46429 2238 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.8% 57.9% 39.8% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 44.4 Male 52.0 Female 36.4 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 1070 33.5 Life expectancy (years) Total 46 Male 45.6 Female 46.5 145 Aitape Lumi District General Information Administration District headquarters: Aitape Number of LLGs: 4 - East Aitape Rural, East Wapai Rural, West Aitape Rural, West Wapai Rural Number of wards: 80 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 53382 23423 28996 963 8447 51.1 52.4 50.1 52.1 Female (%) 48.9 47.6 49.9 47.9 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 5689 1276 9.4 41.8 About Aitape Lumi Aitape Lumi District extends along the coast from the East Sepik border to Sissano and the Arnold, Yalingi, Rainu, Nigla, Harech and Danop Rivers and inland over the Torricelli Range and down to the Sepik Valley. The district member is Mr. Patrick Pruaitch of the National Alliance. This is his second term. He is the current Minister for Treasury and Finance. Some wages and royalties are earned from forestry and oil palm projects inland from Aitape. However, incomes across the district are very low. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 26320 23936 19011 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 63 31 34 2 4 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 11 n/a 4853 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Betel nut Food crops Cocoa Fishing 82.7 81.7 75.7 66.0 33.3 %* engaged for cash 25.8 20.9 16.9 63.5 6.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 6 25 8897 2135 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 4.7%b 63.2%b 48.0%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access There is a road between Lumi and Wewak and between Aitape and Wewak, but both are in poor condition. There is no road connection to the provincial capital of Vanimo. People living in the very south are very isolated from a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 52.5 Male (%) 60.6 Female (%) 44.0 146 Nuku District General Information Administration District headquarters: Nuku Number of LLGs: 3 - Palai Rural, Yangkok Rural, Nuku Rural Number of wards: 58 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 46021 20046 25108 867 9327 50.6 52.1 49.6 48.1 Female (%) 49.4 47.9 50.4 51.9 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 3503 2264 13.1 20.3 About Nuku Nuku District includes the northern side of the Sepik Valley and the Nopan, Wagasu and Nambilo Rivers and the foothills of the Torricelli Range. The district member is Mr. Andrew Kumbakor, a member of the Pangu Party and the current Minister for Housing and Urban Development. This is his third term. Across the district there are few opportunities to earn income and incomes are very low. The potential for development of agriculture in the foothills of the Torricelli Range is very high. However, substantial transport infrastructure is needed for this area to develop. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 23050 21898 24428 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 64 14 31 1 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 10 n/a 4602 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Betel nut Cocoa Food crops Coffee 92.0 84.8 81.3 80.7 67.9 %* engaged for cash 0.6 4.0 79.6 4.4 64.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 9 21 5113 2191 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 0.9%b 42.8%b 25.6%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road leads from Nuku to the Sepik Highway and on to Wewak. However, there is no road connection to the capital of the province, Vanimo. People living in the far south are very remote and require more than a day to reach a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 42.0 Male (%) 50.6 Female (%) 33.4 147 Telefomin District General Information Administration District headquarters: Telefomin Number of LLGs: 4 - Namea Rural, Oksapmin Rural, Telefomin Rural, Yapsie Rural Number of wards: 82 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 35587 15195 19510 882 5687 50.5 51.5 49.5 56.1 Female (%) 49.5 48.5 50.5 43.9 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 16333 2413 2.2 14.7 About Telefomin Telefomin District is the most remote in the country. It includes the head of the Sepik River. However it is mostly made up of the West, Thurnwald, Fiamolu, Star and Victor Emanuel Ranges. The district member is Mr. Peter Iwei, a member of the People’s Democratic Movement Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Atimeng Buhupe. Low incomes can be made near Telefomin and Oksapmin from selling food and earning income at the Ok Tedi Mine. However the rest of the province provides low income-earning opportunities. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 18120 19910 19240 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 65 19 16 2 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 1 12 35587 2966 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Livestock Betel nut Coconut Poultry 77.3 40.0 26.6 24.7 19.3 %* engaged for cash 13.2 3.7 1.8 0.9 0.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 37 7117 962 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 10.6%b 66.0%b 42.7%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access There are few roads in the district and the terrain creates major limitations for transport. People near Telefomin have reasonable access to services but much of the rest of the district is very remote. Canoe travel is used along the Sepik River. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 30.3 Male (%) 36.9 Female (%) 23.7 148 Vanimo Green District General Information Administration District headquarters: Vanimo Number of LLGs: 5 - Amanab Rural, Bewani/Wutung Onei Rural, Green River Rural, Vanimo Urban, Walsa Rural Number of wards: 95 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 50751 22459 27591 701 8128 53.1 52.9 53.2 55.2 Female (%) 46.9 47.1 46.8 44.8 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 10295 2447 4.9 20.7 About Vanimo Green Vanimo Green District occupies the north western corner of PNG, on the border with West Papua. In the north, it covers the Oenake Range, the Nemayer River, Bawani Mountains and Plains and Border Mountains. The Wuro, North, Horden, Senu, and Faringi Rivers in the south all flow into the Sepik River. The district member is Mr. Belden Namah of the National Alliance Party. He is the Minister for Forestry. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Inou Philip. Some incomes are derived from the importation and sale of goods from Indonesia and from the royalties and wages of the forestry industry. However, incomes in the district remain low to very low, especially in the area around Green River. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 24763 18790 21252 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 76 29 26 3 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 3 50 16917 1015 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Betel nut Coconut Food crops Fishing Poultry 75.5 72.3 67.6 20.2 17.3 %* engaged for cash 4.1 1.3 3.4 1.3 1.1 Number and population per facility Health centres 11 34 4614 1493 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 7.9%b 60.5%b 42.1%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road runs from Vanimo to the Indonesian border and inland to Bawani. However, those in the south east are very isolated from service centres. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 48.3 Male (%) 55.0 Female (%) 40.8 149 150 New Guinea Islands Region 151 152 Autonomous Region of Bougainville 153 154 Autonomous Region of Bougainville General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Buka Number of districts: 3 - Central Bougainville, North Bougainville, South Bougainville Number of LLGs: 12 Number of wards: 71 About the Autonomous Region of Bougainville The Autonomous Region of Bougainville (ARB) includes the main island of Bougainville, the large island of Buka and the surrounding Nissan, Nuguria, Tulun, Takuu and Nukumanu Islands. The main island has the Emperor and Crown Prince Ranges in the middle, with fertile plains nearer to the coast. The provincial member is Mr. Fidelis Semoso, who ran for election as an independent but later joined the National Alliance Party. The sitting member was Mr. Leo Hannet, who won a byelection after the resignation of Fr. John Momis. ARB’s special governance arrangements are not featured here. High incomes can be earned in Buka and in the north of Bougainville and moderate incomes can be earned in the south west from the sale of cocoa, copra, food, betel nut and fish. The islands have comparatively low incomes. There is potential for the further development of mining, cocoa plantations and forestry which could provide additional incomes in the future. Roads cover most of the north coast and parts of the south coast of the main island. However, conditions are variable. Buka Island also has a network of roads. People still rely heavily on water transport along the coast and to the islands. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 175160 76263 92191 4464 30932 51.4 52.2 52.3 51.4 Female (%) 48.6 47.8 47.7 48.6 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 9384 5039 18.7 34.8 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 86539 49636 129299 54839 126867 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 1.5 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 342 8 199 7 3 7 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 32 115 5474 1523 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Cocoa Betel nut Poultry 74 55 19 79.5 76.7 71.0 64.9 55.8 %* engaged for cash 43.7 14.3 69.5 16.5 10.8 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 8 130 21895 1347 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 6.7% 109.5% 68.4% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 76.7 Male 78.4 Female 75.0 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 570 41.1 Life expectancy (years) Total 59.6 Male 58.8 Female 60.4 155 Central Bougainville District General Information Administration District headquarters: Arawa/Kieta Number of LLGs: 2 - Wakunai, Arawa Number of wards: 19 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 41485 17919 23568 793 7722 52.1 52.6 51.7 57.5 Female (%) 47.9 47.4 48.3 42.5 About Central Bougainville Central Bougainville includes the Crown Prince Mountains and the valleys of the Lalaui, Aropa, Pinei, Arakawau, Vito and Wakunai Rivers. Along the coast, it stretches from Cape Nehus to Lalaui Point. The district member is Mr. Jim Miringtoro of the People’s Democratic Movement Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Samuel Akoitai. High incomes from cocoa, copra, food, betel nut and fish can be earned along the coast and in the Wakunai Valley, while in the more distant parts of the district incomes are low. Potential incomes could be derived if mining, forestry and plantation operations were developed. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2592 1476 16.0 28.1 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 20700 8006 12167 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 83 3 65 4 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 6 86 6914 482 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Cocoa Betel nut Poultry 80.2 74.5 69.6 64.4 59.5 %* engaged for cash 15.8 38.9 68.5 15.0 12.1 Number and population per facility Health centres 13 46 3191 902 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 7.7%b 130.8%b 76.9%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Roads cover the coastal areas along the length of the district, and to the Panguna mine site. Water transport is also common in coastal areas. Some areas, particularly near the Crown Prince Mountains, require up to eight hours travel to a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 74.6 Male (%) 76.8 Female (%) 72.2 156 North Bougainville District General Information Administration District headquarters: Buka Number of LLGs: 6 - Tinputz, Selau Suir, Kunua, Buka, Nissan Attols Number of wards: 27 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 73091 32482 36075 1497 11894 51.2 51.7 55.0 52.5 Female (%) 48.8 48.3 45.0 47.5 About North Bougainville North Bougainville covers Buka Island and the northern end of Bougainville Island as well as the smaller Nissan, Nuguria, Takuu, Nukumanu and Tulun Islands. The district member is Mr. Michael Ogio, a member of the Peoples’ Democratic Movement Party and the Minister for Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology. He was a previous member for this district. However, the member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. James Togel. People on Buka Island and the north east coast of Bougainville can earn high incomes from copra, cocoa, food, betel nut and fish, while those on the islands earn very low incomes from sales of fish and copra. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 3007 1645 24.3 44.4 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 35382 21832 25370 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 137 3 65 1 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 13 36546 5622 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Betel nut Cocoa Fishing 82.9 78.1 70.7 64.0 49.8 %* engaged for cash 69.5 12.7 25.4 61.6 8.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 31 14618 2358 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.5%b 95.6%b 63.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Good roads service Buka Island and the north eastern coast of Bougainville. Those on Bougainville Island are up to eight hours travel to a service centre, whereas the more remote islands are over a day away from a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 79.8 Male (%) 81.2 Female (%) 78.3 157 South Bougainville District General Information Administration District headquarters: Buin Number of LLGs: 4 - Buin, Siwai, Bana, Torokina Number of wards: 25 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 60584 25862 32548 2174 11316 51.1 52.8 49.8 51.9 Female (%) 48.9 47.2 50.2 48.1 About South Bougainville South Bougainville occupies the south western corner of Bougainville Island. It covers the Crown Prince Range and Deuro Range and the coastal areas from Laruma Point to Lalua Point. The district member is Mr. Steven Kamma of the New Generation Party. His victory came after a recount. Mr. Michael Laimo, the member between 2002 and 2007, had initially been declared the winner. Incomes are moderate in the district, derived from cocoa and food. However, they have the potential to be greater with the revival of the mining, forestry and or plantation industries. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 3785 1918 16.0 31.6 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 30457 19830 17921 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 122 2 69 2 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 31 n/a 1954 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Cocoa Food crops Poultry Livestock 79.4 79.1 72.9 68.4 65.3 %* engaged for cash 19.8 78.6 14.9 16.4 34.3 Number and population per facility Health centres 14 38 4327 1594 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 7.5%b 111.7%b 68.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Good roads service the southern areas of the district and are improving, while water transport is common in coastal areas. Arawa town is within eight hours travel of all people living in South Bougainville. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 74.6 Male (%) 76.3 Female (%) 72.9 158 East New Britain Province 159 160 East New Britain Province General Information Administration About East New Britain East New Britain Province covers the Gazelle Peninsula, the Baining Mountains and the valleys of the Keravat and Warangoi Provincial headquarters: Kokopo Rivers. It also includes Watom and the Duke of York Islands. Number of districts: 4 - Gazelle, Kokopo, Pomio, The south of the province includes the Nakanai mountains and Rabaul the Ania, Melkoi and Megigi Valleys. Number of LLGs: 18 The provincial member is Mr. Leon Dion, of the National Number of wards: 386 Alliance Party. This is his second term. Very high incomes can be earned in the area around the Gazelle Peninsula, from the sale of cocoa, betel nut, copra and food. Non-agricultural income can be derived from the many businesses and plantations operating around Kokopo and Rabaul. Incomes are much less in the south. However, some incomes and royalties can be earned from forestry near Pomio. A network of roads runs through the Gazelle Peninsula, out to Lassul on the coast and through the Baining Mountains. There are very few roads in the south, where water transport is very important. The inland areas of Pomio District are very remote and people must travel more than a day to reach a service centre. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 220133 92383 121860 5890 39220 52.6 52.5 52.7 52.6 Female (%) 47.4 47.5 47.3 47.4 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 15274 3397 14.4 64.8 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 112209 72816 172481 76307 132478 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.5 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 312 15 133 5 7 9 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 29 84 7591 2621 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Cocoa Livestock 73 54 19 74.4 66.1 64.0 60.4 37.2 %* engaged for cash 25.7 36.1 49.6 58.2 14.7 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 31 244 7101 902 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 6.2% 87.3% 66.6% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 81.6 Male 82.4 Female 80.7 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 6496 61.3 Life expectancy (years) Total 57.1 Male 56.6 Female 57.7 161 Gazelle District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kerevat Number of LLGs: 5 - Central Gazelle Rural, Inland Baining Rural, Lassul Baining Rural, Livuan Reimber Rural, Vunadidir Toma Rural Number of wards: 130 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 89776 37760 49750 2266 15726 53.3 52.6 54.1 49.9 Female (%) 46.7 47.4 45.9 50.1 About Gazelle 3700 1176 24.3 76.3 Gazelle District is in the north west of East New Britain Province. It covers the Baining Mountains, the Keravat Valley, as well as coastal plains from Ataliklikun Bay to Open Bay. The district member is Mr. Malakai Tabar, of the Melanesian Liberal Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Sinai Brown. High to very high incomes are earned by people in the north east from the sale of cocoa, copra, betel nut and food. Other income is also available from businesses, small enterprises and plantations. Some wages and royalties are also available from forestry in the Baining Mountains. However, the people in the north and west of the district earn much lower incomes and have land with low potential for agriculture. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 45656 27482 28402 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 126 4 55 1 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 39 n/a 2302 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Cocoa Betel nut Coconut Livestock 79.8 79.1 76.8 68.0 38.6 %* engaged for cash 38.8 76.1 47.9 53.0 18.3 Number and population per facility Health centres 9 25 9975 3591 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 8.3%b 97.7%b 76.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access There are some minor roads in the hills and valleys in the north east and connecting to Lassul. Those on the west coast require up to eight hours travel to the major service centre of Kokopo. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 85.2 Male (%) 85.0 Female (%) 85.4 162 Kokopo District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kokopo Number of LLGs: 4 - Bitapaka Rural, Duke of York Rural, Kokopo Vunamami Urban, Raluana Rural Number of wards: 84 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 58345 24237 32461 1647 10182 52.8 52.9 52.6 53.6 Female (%) 47.2 47.1 47.4 46.4 About Kokopo 408 209 143.0 279.2 Kokopo District is a small, semi-urban district. It runs along Blanch Bay and also includes the Duke of York Islands, as well as the volcanic plains between the Warangoi River and Kokopo town. The district member is Mr. Patrick Tammur, who ran for election as an independent candidate and later joined the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was longterm parliamentarian and one-time Prime Minister, Sir Rabbie Namaliu. Incomes are high across the district from the sale of cocoa, betel nut, fresh food, copra and fish. People can also obtain wage employment in the businesses and plantations in and around Kokopo town and in neighbouring Rabaul. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 29774 18050 16119 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 64 0 30 1 5 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 5 58 11669 1006 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Betel nut Cocoa Poultry 70.5 67.3 64.7 59.7 33.5 %* engaged for cash 65.4 18.9 39.4 58.0 5.2 Number and population per facility Health centres 5 11 11669 5304 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.2%b 79.5%b 59.7%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Sealed roads cover most of the mainland areas and water transport is common on the coast. The people of the Duke of York Islands are four hours travel away from the major service centre of Kokopo. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 89.4 Male (%) 89.0 Female (%) 89.8 163 Pomio District General Information Administration District headquarters: Pomio Number of LLGs: 5 - Central Inland Pomio, East Pomio Rural, Melkoi Rural, Sinivit Rural, West Pomio Mamusi Rural Number of wards: 119 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 44964 19626 24223 1115 8149 51.1 52.1 50.2 52.7 Female (%) 48.9 47.9 49.8 47.3 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 11071 1954 4.1 23.0 About Pomio Pomio District stretches along the coastal plains in the south east of East New Britain. In the north, it covers the eastern side of the Baining Mountains. Moving south, it covers the Nakanai Mountains as well as Mt. Ulawun and Mt. Bamus. The district member is Mr. Paul Tiensten, a member of the National Alliance Party and the current Minister for National Planning and Monitoring. This is his second term. The entire district earns relatively low incomes from selling copra, cocoa and food. However, forestry operations in the south of the district provide wages and royalties for a small number of people. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 22359 16402 16862 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 96 11 33 2 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 33 22482 1363 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Livestock Cocoa 80.9 57.5 54.0 44.0 35.7 %* engaged for cash 10.6 14.8 24.8 4.6 34.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 12 42 3747 1071 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 3.2%b 73.1%b 54.2%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access There are no major roads in this district, but minor roads of unknown quality run south of Kokopo and near Pomio. People in the inland valleys of Nutuve and Leli are very isolated from a service centre. Water transport is common along the coast. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 55.6 Male (%) 59.6 Female (%) 51.5 164 Rabaul District General Information Administration District headquarters: Rabaul Number of LLGs: 4 - Balanataman Rural, Kombiu Rural, Rabaul Urban, Watom Island Rural Number of wards: 53 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 27048 10760 15426 862 5163 52.0 51.8 52.2 50.9 Female (%) 48.0 48.2 47.8 49.1 About Rabaul Rabaul District is a small, semi-urban district. It includes Simpson Harbour, Watom Island, and a series of volcanic peaks, of which Mt. Tavurvur is currently active. The eruption of Mt. Tarvurvur in 1994 almost destroyed the once-thriving commercial hub of Rabaul and saw the provincial headquarters instead shift to nearby Kokopo. The district member is Dr. Allan Marat, a member of the Melanesian Liberal Party and the current Minister for Justice and Attorney-General. This is his second term. Incomes are high across the district from the sale of cocoa, betel nut, fresh food, copra and fish. People can also obtain wage employment in the businesses and plantations in and around Rabaul town and in neighbouring Kokopo. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 95 58 284.7 466.3 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 14420 10268 11810 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 26 0 15 1 0 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 24 114 1127 237 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Betel nut Cocoa Livestock 61.8 54.9 50.1 43.4 30.3 %* engaged for cash 23.0 46.9 27.3 41.4 12.8 Number and population per facility Health centres 3 6 9016 4508 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 6.1%b 93.2%b 59.3%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Sealed roads cover most of the mainland areas and water transport is common on the coast. The people of Watom Island are four hours travel away from the major service centre of Rabaul. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 95.3 Male (%) 95.4 Female (%) 95.2 165 166 Manus Province & District 167 168 Manus Province & District General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Lorengau Number of districts: 1 – Manus Number of LLGs: 12 – Aua Wuvulu, Nigoherm, Bisikani Soparibau Kabin, Pomutu Kurti Andra, Lelemadih Bupi Chupeu, Lorengau Urban, Los Negros, Nali Sopat Penabu, Tetedu, Pobuma, Balopa, Rapatona Number of wards: 127 About Manus Manus Province includes the main island of Manus and surrounding islands as well as the off shore islands of AvaWuvulu, Ninigo, Anchorite and Hermit. The provincial member is Mr. Michael T. Sapau of the Rural Development Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Jacob Gris Jumogot. The district member is Mr. Job Pomat, a member of the People’s National Congress Party and the Minister for Inter-government Relations. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Charlie Benjamin. Moderate to high incomes are earned where people can access the markets in Lorengau to sell fresh food, fish, betel nut, copra and cocoa. However, people on remote islands earn low incomes. The province notably receives a good income from educated Manus Islanders who send remittances home. A road runs from Momote to Lorengau, with some other minor roads on the main island. However, the most common transport is by motor boat and canoe. The offshore island groups are very remote and are actually closer to Wewak Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 43387 18137 24010 1240 7942 51.6 52.4 50.9 51.6 Female (%) 48.4 47.6 49.1 48.4 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast – Provincial Seat (2002) 22409 18780 18772 30701 21312 21314 26918 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2000 n/a 21.7 n/a Number of votes cast – Open Seat (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast – Provincial Seat (2007) Number of votes cast – Open Seat (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.6 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 115 9 72 2 2 2 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 12 62 3616 700 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Coconut Food crops Betel nut Fishing Cocoa 59 45 14 76.5 68.1 66.6 54.9 21.1 %* engaged for cash 22.3 12.4 23.5 13.7 19.9 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 2 53 21694 819 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 10.2% 83.0% 66.2% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 85.8 Male 87.8 Female 83.7 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 3353 35.5 Life expectancy (years) Total 58.6 Male 59 Female 58.2 169 170 New Ireland Province 171 172 New Ireland Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Kavieng Number of districts: 2 - Kavieng, Namatanai Number of LLGs: 9 Number of wards: 138 About New Ireland New Ireland Province includes the main island of New Ireland as well as the St Matthias and East Islands to the north and the Tabar, Lihir, Tanga and Feni Island groups to the east. The provincial member is Sir Julius Chan of the People’s Progress Party. He is a former Prime Minister. However the sitting member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Ian Ling Stuckey. Most people on the main island and from Lavongai can earn high incomes from the sale of copra, cocoa, oil palm, fish and food. However, the very south of the island and the island groups off-shore earn lower incomes. Wage-earning opportunities are available in Kavieng while significant incomes are available from wages and royalties from the Lihir Goldmine. Roads run the length of New Ireland, along both the north and south coasts, but are of varying quality. Water transport is most important between all the islands in the province. There are also some passenger flights to the islands. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 118350 51090 63304 3956 22053 53.0 52.4 53.4 53.0 Female (%) 47.0 47.6 46.6 47.0 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 9557 4167 12.4 28.4 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 60076 46283 64568 48072 66696 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 2.9 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 299 46 86 3 3 5 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 30 45 3945 2630 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Betel nut Fishing Cocoa 69 52 17 75.2 71.3 67.2 49.1 37.9 %* engaged for cash 12.5 55.1 26.9 7.4 35.8 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 7 109 16907 1086 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 12.6% 78.5% 62.4% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 77.4 Male 78.9 Female 75.8 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 1202 45.1 Life expectancy (years) Total 57.9 Male 57.8 Female 58.1 173 Kavieng District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kavieng Number of LLGs: 4 - Murat Rural, Lavongai Rural, Tikana Rural, Kavieng Urban Number of wards: 49 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 53421 22469 29291 1661 10188 52.7 52.1 52.9 57.9 Female (%) 47.3 47.9 47.1 42.1 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 2983 1690 17.9 31.6 About Kavieng Kavieng District includes the northern end of New Ireland as well as the St. Matthias Group of Islands and Lavongai and Tingwon Islands. The district member is Mr. Martin Aini, a member of the Pangu Party. This is his second term. Moderate to high incomes can be earned from the sale of copra, cocoa, betel nut, fish and food across this district, with some potential to expand copra and cocoa production. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 27633 19336 20915 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 125 22 39 2 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 7 60 7632 890 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Betel nut Fishing Cocoa 71.2 67.6 57.9 47.0 31.8 %* engaged for cash 11.5 55.5 27.9 10.3 30.9 Number and population per facility Health centres 12 17 4452 3142 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 17.2%b 77.0%b 62.6%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A good road runs along New Ireland from Kavieng to Namatanai. The people on the St. Matthias Group of Islands require up to eight hours travel to Kavieng, with motor boat and canoe transport most important for the islands. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 76.9 Male (%) 78.8 Female (%) 74.4 174 Namatanai District General Information Administration District headquarters: Namatanai Number of LLGs: 5 - Namatanai Rural, Sentral Niu Ailan Rural, Konoagil Rural, Tanir Rural, Nimamar Rural Number of wards: 89 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 64929 28621 34013 2295 11865 53.3 52.7 53.9 52.2 Female (%) 46.7 47.3 46.1 47.8 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 6574 2477 9.9 26.2 About Namatanai Namatanai District occupies the south of New Ireland as well as the Tabar, Lihir, Tanga and Anir Island groups. The Shleinitz Range is in the north of New Ireland with the Verron and Hans Mayer Ranges in the south. The district member is Mr. Byron Chan, a member of the People’s Progress Party. This is his second term. Moderate to high incomes can be earned from the sale of copra, cocoa, betel nut, fish and food across this district. Cash incomes are also earned from some plantation activities and wages and royalties from the goldmine are available to communities on Lihir Island. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 32443 25822 28379 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 174 24 47 1 2 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 49 n/a 1264 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Fishing Livestock 78.7 75.2 74.5 50.9 47.7 %* engaged for cash 13.3 25.9 54.8 4.9 19.6 Number and population per facility Health centres 18 28 3441 2212 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 8.7%b 79.7%b 62.3%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access A road links Namatanai with Kavieng and other minor roads in coastal areas. Water transport is the most common form of access to services and people on the islands must travel up to eight hours to reach a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 77.9 Male (%) 78.9 Female (%) 76.7 175 176 West New Britain Province 177 178 West New Britain Province General Information Administration Provincial headquarters: Kimbe Number of districts: 2 – Kandrian Gloucester, Talasea Number of LLGs: 11 Number of wards: 111 About West New Britain West New Britain Province stretches along the coastal plains and the Nakanai Mountains between Sule and Kimbe, and into the Awio Valley. The Whitman Range runs through the centre of the province with the Aria and Banu Valleys flowing to the north coast and the Palicks and Anduru Valleys flowing to the south. The province also includes the Bali and Witu Islands to the north of the mainland. The provincial member is Mr. Peter Humphreys of the National Alliance Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. Clement Nakamai. High incomes can be earned in the northeast from oil palm production as well as the sale of food, cocoa, betel nut and copra. Wage incomes can also be earned around Kimbe, Hoskins and Talasea, along with some limited, forestry royalties near Kandrian and Cape Gloucester. Most of the inland areas of the province have very few income earning opportunities. A road network covers the north east coast of the province between Sule and Talasea, however the rest of the province has very few roads except for those established by forestry operations near Kandrian and Cape Gloucester. Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 184508 79629 101417 3462 30672 53.7 52.5 54.5 53.7 Female (%) 46.3 47.5 45.5 46.3 Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 20387 5807 9.1 31.8 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) 2002 Electoral Roll Number of votes cast (2007) 2007 Electoral Roll 92540 67753 148181 70037 112049 Average annual population growth rate (1980-2000): 3.6 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high Secondary Vocational 233 59 102 3 2 4 Health Number and population per facility Health centres Aid posts 27 76 6834 2428 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Betel nut Coconut Livestock Fishing 74 55 19 69.5 63.0 62.5 35.1 34.1 %* engaged for cash 14.4 23.4 36.5 7.9 6.6 Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 12 153 15376 1206 Universal basic education indicators (%) Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 6.2% 87.3% 66.6% Mortality rates (per 1000) Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate (under 1 year) Child mortality rate (1-4 years of age) *of total citizen households Literacy rate (%) Total 70.7 Male 73.9 Female 66.9 Infrastructure Electricity customers Percent of population within 5km of a national road 1982 59.6 Life expectancy (years) Total 56.7 Male 56.7 Female 56.7 179 Kandrian Gloucester District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kandrian Number of LLGs: 5 - Gasmata Rural, Gloucester Rural, Kandrian Coastal Rural, Kandrian Inland Rural, Kove Kaliai Rural Number of wards: 51 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 55716 25861 28577 1278 9610 51.9 52.9 50.8 55.3 Female (%) 48.1 47.1 49.2 44.7 About Kandrian Gloucester Kandrian Gloucester District occupies the south western end of West New Britain Province. The northern areas include Cape Gloucester, Mt. Schrader and the Banu and Aria Valleys. Across the Whiteman Range and towards the southern coast run the Palicks and Anduru Valleys. The district member is Mr. Tony Puana, a member of the New Generation Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. David Sui. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 12499 4207 4.5 13.2 The entire district earns relatively low incomes from selling copra, cocoa and food. However, forestry operations around Kandrian and Cape Gloucester provide wages and royalties for a small number of people. Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 26329 23408 22047 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 77 34 44 2 1 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 0 22 n/a 2533 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Betel nut Coconut Food crops Livestock Fishing 86.0 83.1 82.8 55.9 51.6 %* engaged for cash 29.7 46.7 20.5 13.1 13.5 Number and population per facility Health centres 13 33 4286 1688 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 5.4%b 69.9%b 50.5%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access All people in Kandrian-Gloucester are more than four hours travel from major service centres. While there are some logging roads, there are very few other roads in the district. Transport by outboard motor boat and canoe are common along the coast. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 60.9 Male (%) 65.5 Female (%) 56.1 180 Talasea District General Information Administration District headquarters: Kimbe Number of LLGs: 6 - Bialla Rural, Bali/Witu Rural, Hoskins Rural, Kimbe Urban, Mosa Rural, Talasea Rural Number of wards: 60 Population Male (%) Total < 15 years 15-64 years > 65 years Citizen households 128792 53768 72840 2184 21062 54.4 52.3 56.0 55.7 Female (%) 45.6 47.7 44.0 44.3 About Talasea Talasea District includes the Willaumez Peninsula and runs along the coastal plains until just beyond Sule. Inland, it includes the Nakanai Mountains and, further south west, the Awio Valley. The district member is Mr. Francis Marus, a member of the Pangu Party. The member between 2002 and 2007 was Mr. John Vulupindi. High incomes can be earned on the northern coast from the sale of oil palm, food, cocoa, betel nut, fish and copra. Wages are also available from businesses and industries near the towns of Talasea, Kimbe and Hoskins. People in the inland valleys earn very low incomes. Area and population density Area (km²) Occupied area (km²) Population per km² Population per km² of occupied area 7888 1600 16.3 80.5 Electoral statistics Eligible voters (2000 Census) Number of votes cast (2002) Number of votes cast (2007) 66211 44325 47792 Education Type and number of schools Elementary Community Primary Provincial high school Vocational 156 25 58 1 3 Health Number and population per officer Medical officers Nursing officers 12 131 10733 983 Economic Activity Top agricultural activities of citizen households % engaged Food crops Coconut Betel nut Oil palm Fishing 63.5 53.1 52.5 38.9 26.1 %* engaged for cash 11.6 31.8 20.5 38.4 3.5 Number and population per facility Health centres 14 43 9199 2995 Universal basic education indicators Net admission rate Gross enrolment rate Net enrolment rate 14.6%b 82.5%b 64.8%b Aid posts Infrastructure Road access Those people living between Talasea and Bialla are within easy access of service centres. Others in the district must travel up to eight hours. People in the Gavuvu and Ala Valleys of the Nakanai Mountains need more than a day, to reach a service centre. *of total citizen households Literacy rate Total 74.6 Male (%) 77.0 Female (%) 71.7 181 182