KSCST REFERENCE No:33S1127 A Project report on IMPACT OF MUNICAPAL SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL ON SOIL AND GROUND WATER Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree in Bachelor of Engineering in CIVIL ENGINEERING By Mr. MADHU KUMAR S 1NC05CV021 Mr. NAGENDRA PRASAD N 1NC06CV016 Mr. NAVEEN KUMAR S 1NC06CV017 Mr. AMBRISH V 1NC06CV035 Under the Guidance of Dr.H.S.Nanda Principal Mr. Shivaraju R Lecturer DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY VENKATAGIRIKOTE, DEVANAHALLI, BENGALURU– 562 110 (JUNE 2010) NAME Mr. MADHU KUMAR S Mr. NAGENDRA PRASAD N Mr. NAVEEN KUMAR S Mr. AMBRISH V Dr.H.S.Nanda (GUIDE) Mr. Shivaraju R (GUIDE) CELL NO 9164063898 9036534703 9972011464 9844190926 9845655234 9986602652 E-MAIL ID
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] SYNOPSIS This study is intended to evaluate the effect of Municipal solid waste on soil and water bodies in and around Chikkaballapur city and to provide remedial measures. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), a complex refuse composed of various materials with different properties. Some of the components are stable while others degrade as a result of biological and chemical process. The lechate resulted from this; pollute the soil underlying and subsequently ground water. MSW management is mainly focused on major cities in India. Safe and scientific practice of MSW disposal for any developing city is need of the hour. The previous studies and investigation by various investigators has indicated that the leachate can modify the soil properties & significantly alter the behaviour of soil Substantial release of leachate from dump yards (Landfills without top and bottom impermeable layers) has occurred during past few years & the soil at the dump yard experience extensive contamination. These releases may have also covered extensive areas adjacent to the dumping area resulting in contaminating the soil, surface and groundwater. The main focus of this study is to determine the effect of leachate contamination on hydraulic conductivity and other characteristics. Representative soil samples from the sources will be obtained from test pits. The experimental studies will be carried out so as to know the effect of leachate on the soil properties in the case of leachate pH = 7.00. and at various pH values. To vary the degree of contamination the dry soil samples will be mixed with various percentage of common contaminate by weight of dry soil. A light compaction & hydraulic conductivity tests will be carried out on native soil & contaminated soil samples. Chickballapur, a sprawling city, located on NH-7 about 25 K m from Bengaluru International Air Port, now became a District Headquarter of recently formed Chickballapur district. The population of the city is around 80,000 spreading over an area of 18 Sq Km. The city is fast developing, inviting a large number of Governmental, public, private residential, commercial and industrial establishments. Two major proposals are on the anvil i.e, to establish VTU Research Centre and an IIT at Muddenahalli, the birthplace of Sir. M V Visvesvaraiah, situated about 4 Kms from this city. In this study, to understand the effect of solid waste disposal on prevailing water sources experiments in laboratory were carried out for water quality parameters along with the studies are also carried out to determine the effects of leachate contamination on the geotechnical properties of native soil and local soil contaminated by disposal of MSW in the region. With an expectation that the contaminated soils exhibit altered geotechnical properties compared to native soil, Efforts were made to make use the results that can be obtained from this study to evaluate the consequences of contamination of MSW on soil and water bodies in the study area. Key Words: Municipal Solid waste, land fill, Soil Contamination, Lechate, Groundwater, Segregation INTRODUCTION Chickballapur, a sprawling city, located on NH-7 about 25 K m from Bengaluru International Air Port, now became a District Headquarter of recently formed Chickballapur district. The population of the city is around 80,000 spreading over an area of 18 Sq Km. The city is fast developing, inviting a large number of Governmental, public, private residential, commercial and industrial establishments. Two major proposals are on the anvil ie, to establish VTU Research Centre and an IIT at Muddenahalli, the birthplace of Sir. M V Visvesvaraiah, situated about 4 Kms from this city. At present about 30 MT of solid waste is generating in the city everyday. Waste generation has become an inherent part of human dwelling. With the ongoing increase in the population levels, and more significantly the drastic changes occurring as a part of urbanization, the quantity and quality of waste generated is changing rapidly. In Indian cities, waste is generally not weighed. It is measured by volume to determine the quantity of waste. Several studies conducted by NEERI and other consultants have shown that the generation rates are low in smaller towns whereas they are high in cities over 20 lakhs population. The quantity of solid waste in Indian urban centres are shown in Table 1 Table 1 Quantity of Solid Waste in Indian urban centres Population range (in million) 5.0 Number of urban Total population Average centres sampled 328 255 31 14 6 3 (in million) 68.300 56.914 21.729 17.184 20.597 26.306 capita 0.21 0.21 0.25 0.27 0.35 0.50 per value Quantity (tones/day) 14343.00 11952.00 5432.00 4640.00 7209.00 13153.00 (Kg/capita/day) (Source: NEERI strategy paper on SWM in India, Feb, 1996) In India, the total urban population of 240 million produces approximately 29 million tonnes of refuse annually at an average rate of 0.2 kg to 0.6 kg/capita/day (Macwan J.E.M. 2003). Factors that affect generation rate are: • Geographic location • • • • Season of the year Frequency of collection Characteristics of population Public attitude Solid waste generation rates for different countries are as shown in Table 2. It can be seen that per capita solid waste generated in developed countries is quite high. This can be attributed to higher standards of living and use of larger amount of packing materials and higher wastage. Table 2 Solid Waste Generation Rates for Different Countries Country India UK USA Switzerland Solid waste generation rate (kg/capita/day) 0.3-0.6 0.82 2.5 0.6 AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The main objectives of the project are as follows: 1. Identification of solid waste dumps and its characterizations 2. To study the dumping yard system 3. Impact study on soil and water samples in and around dumpsites 4. To develop a detailed data base on scientifically generated data and technical aspects to treat and dispose the waste generated in the district 5. Critical study of current Solid waste Management strategy, Technology practices and characterizations of solid waste. SCOPE OF THE STUDY Solid waste is the waste arising from anthropogenic and animal activities, which is normally solid and are discarded as useless or unwanted. These wastes are being produced since the beginning of civilization. During the early period, solid wastes were conveniently and unobtrusively disposed off, since the population density was low and large open land space was available. With the advent of industrialization and urbanization, the problems of waste disposal increased. High population density and intensive land use for residential, commercial and industrial activities led to an adverse impact on the environment. Identifying, locating, quantifying, characterizing and documentation of wastes dump sites in and around Chickballapur city and to study its impact on environment with respect to water and soil qualities representing the dumping site located in between Nimmakalakunte and Ankangondi. METHODOLOGY In this study, to assess the solid waste generation in terms of quantity and quality, their collection, transportation and disposal, the following steps were adopted. 1. Collection of general information from the Municipal authority. 2. Identifying the wards for collection of solid waste for its quantitative and qualitative analysis 3. Collection of house hold solid waste from identified houses in particular wards 4. Characterization of solid waste To assess the impact of solid waste dumping, on soil and water sources, the following steps were adopted. 1. Identifying the site for soil sampling in and around the dumping site. 2. Soil sampling 3. Water sampling – surface and ground water 4. Experimentation and analysis of geotechnical properties of contaminated and uncontaminated soils as per relevant BIS specification and test procedures. 5. Experimentation and analysis of water quality of surface and subsurface sources as per relevant BIS specification and test procedures. 6. Assessing the impact of solid waste disposal on soil by comparing the experimental results of uncontaminated and contaminated soils. 7. Assessing the impact of solid waste disposal on water by experimental results of water samples collected at different sources and locations. SOIL SAMPLING Careful soil sampling is essential for an accurate fertilizer recommendation. A sample must reflect the overall or average fertility of a field so analyses, interpretations and recommendations accurately represent the nutrient or mineral status of the soil. An accurate evaluation of soil nutrient levels will result in more efficient fertilizer use, which can increase yields, reduce costs and potentially reduce environmental pollution. Consider each of the following before obtaining a Soil sample: a. Sampling procedure, b. Sampling depth, Sampling Procedure Use a systematic sampling scheme. Grid (lie area in your mind's eye (it is not necessary to measure it) and sample once within each grid. Obtain an accurate Nutrient evaluation of a field site with 15 to 20 surface sub samples per 40 acres and six eight subsurface cores. Mix these sub samples thoroughly and save 1 pint for analysis, is pint mixture is the composite soil sample. In some cases, the number of sub samples may be limited by time constraints or availability of labor. Keep in mind, however, that fewer sub samples result in less accuracy in evaluating the nutrient or mineral status of the soil. Fig 1 shows the sampling procedure. Fig 1 sampling procedure Sampling Depth Take the surface sample to tillage depth. For perennial pastures or hay crops (cases there the soil is not annually mixed), sample to 4 inches deep. Be sure to separate discard surface litter. Take deeper samples (subsoil) for nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-analysis where the nitrogen (N) fertilizer recommendation is of special importance. Sugar beets are an excellent example: There is a delicate balance between yield response (too little N) and quality reduction (too much N). Deep soil sampling greatly improves nitrogen recommendations for irrigated crops. Take deep Samples to 2 feet, preferably to 4 feet. There is little point in going deeper unless an unusual situation requires special attention. Sample as follows: surface to tillage depth, tillage depth to 2 feet, and 2 feet to 4 feet. Keep each depth separate. Request routine test for the surface composite sample and NO3-N only for the subsoil samples. Fig 2 Sampling Depth TEST PROCEDURES ON SOILS In the present study to investigate the effect on the behavior of soils and to understand plasticity and compaction characteristics, the following laboratory tests have been performed. Water Content Water content of soil was obtained by oven dry method. This is the most accurate method of determining the water content and is, therefore used in this investigation as per IS 2720(part-II). Specific gravity Specific gravity of given soil by using density bottle method. The knowledge of specific gravity is need in calculation of soil properties like void ratio, degree of saturation as per is 2720 (part-i&ii)-(1980-1992). Field density by core cutter method Determine the field density and dry unit weight for given site by using core cutter method .core cutter method is suitable for soft cohesive soils. It can not be used for stiff clays, sandy soils and soils containing gravel fractions, which could damage the cutting edge as per is 2720 (1975-88). Grain size analysis Grain size analysis is widely used in classification of soils data obtained from grain size distribution curve is used in design of filter or earthen dams to determine suitability of soil for road construction , air field etc as per IS-2720(part IV)-1985. pH of Soil The pH of soil has a major influence on the solubility of contaminants by influencing the degree of ionization and their subsequent overall charge (pepper, 1996). Stabilization of very acidic materials can cause rapid heat evolution following binder addition. In materials with excess moisture content, this can be beneficial as a reduction in moisture content is likely. However, in materials with near-optimum moisture content or the presence of volatile contaminants, staged addition of binder may be required to control the heat evolution. Materials with low pH can be detrimental to the setting of cement/lime stabilized materials. To overcome this problem the acidic material needs to be neutralized. This can either be achieved by increasing the quantity of lime or cement binder used, or an alternative alkaline material could be used, such as chalk dust Liquid Limit The liquid limit of the soil was determined by using Casargrande's standard method for liquid limit as per IS 2720(part-V)-1985. Liquid limit is the water content corresponding to the arbitrary limit b/w liquid and plastic limit of consistency of a soil. It is defined as the minimum water content at which a part of a soil cut by the grove of the standard dimension will flow together from a distance of 2mm under an impact of 25 blows in the device. Plastic Limit Plastic limit of soils were determined as per IS 2720(part-V)-1970 method. The average of three determinations is considered as plastic limit. Compaction Test Compaction test was carried out in the standard proctor mould having internal diameter of 10cm and height of 12cm. samples was compacted in three layers. Each layer of the soils is compacted by 25 blows. Before placing the second or third layer of soil for compaction, the top surface of first compacted layer was starched for proper adhesion between each layer. The dry density was calculated by finding moisture content. Result of dry density and moisture content were plotted to find maximum dry density and optimum moisture content's for both the soils as per IS 2720(part-VII)-1974 method. Unconfined Compression Test The unconfined compression test is used to measure the unconfined compressive strength of a cohesive soil. The unconfined compression test is applicable only to coherent materials such as saturated clays or cemented soils that retain intrinsic strength after removal of confining pressure. Dry or crumbly soils, fissured or varied materials, silts, and sands cannot be tested meaningfully in unconfined compression, in this test; a laterally unsupported cylindrical specimen is subjected to a gradually increased axial compression load until failure occurs. The unconfined compression test is a form of Triaxial test in which the major principal stress is equal to the applied axial stress, and the intermediate and minor principal stresses are equal to zero. The unconfined compressive strength is defined as the maximum unit axial compressive stress at failure or at 15 percent strain, whichever occurs first. The Undrained shear strength is assumed to be equal to one-half the unconfined compressive strength. The axial load may be applied to the specimen either by the controlled strain procedure, in which the stress is applied to produce a predetermined rate of strain, or by the controlled stress procedure, in which the stress is applied in predetermined increments of load. Standard Reference ASTM D 2166 - Standard Test Method for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soil TESTS ON WATER 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. pH meter method Acidity test Hardness test Chloride test Sulphate test Alkalinity test RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Solid Waste Management Information Has Been Collected From The Action Plan Report Are As Shown Below In Table 3 Table 3 data regarding swm status report of chickballapur. Apr-2010 (CMC Chickballapur) 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Door to Door collection IEC Activities ProcurementStatus of 8 9 Area (Sq Km2) Present Population (2001 census) Waste Generated (Tons Per Day, tpd) Total number of wards Action plan of SWM approved date Fund released date/amount (in lakhs) Fund Utilzed date/amount (in lakhs) Tender invited (Y/N) Purchase order issued (Y/N) City description 18.2 54938 30 31 10/7/2007 99.77 79.77 Yes Yes 2 Solid waste Management action Plan 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 Composition 24 25 26 27 28 29 Started since (month and year) Fund released (in lakhs) Fund utilized (in lakhs) Number of NGO's involved Activities Carried out by NGO's Payments to NGO'S (In lakhs) Total No. of non slum households in the ULB Total No. of households covered in the ULB Total No. Households covered by SHGs Total No. of SHGs Vehicles used in collection in the ULB No. of Auto tippers in the ULB No. of Tricycles )in the ULB No. of Push cart (wheel barrows) in the ULB Composition of SW recorded in the ULB (in statement) % Compostable % Paper and Cardboard % Plastic % Glass % Metals % Leather and textiles % Recyclables % Dust, ash and Inert waste 2006 99.77 79.77 no No No No No No No 78 3 No 55 No No No No No No No No 30 Secondary collection & transportation 3 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 4 Status of Development 6 User Fee 5 68 69 70 71 72 Transportation and secondary collection Total No of Vehicles used daily Kind of vehicle used No of Tractor No of Open Trucks / closed trucks No of Oblique tractor placers No of Dumper placers No of Front-end Loaders/back hoe (JCB) Waste Processing and Landfill Purchase of land (Yes/No) Type of land Procured (Govt/private) Fund released for purchase of land Fund utilized (in lakhs) Total Area of Land in acres Fund released for development (in lakhs) Fund utilzed (in lakhs) KSPCB authorization taken/renewed Date of authorization/renewed Construction of landfill started Date of Buffer Zone declaration No of composting yards Total Area utilized for composting (acres) Quantity of waste received for composting (tpd) Pre-Segregation done (Yes/No) Total waste Composted per day (tpd) Economic value (Rs/Kg) Area marked for recycling of waste (acres) Total quantity of waste recycled from dustbins (Kg/day) Total quantity of waste recycled from Landfills (Kg/day) Value of recycled materials (Rs) Total Area allocated to landfill (acres) Total No of landfills (cells) Area other than landfill site for waste disposal Total waste sent to landfill site (tonnes/Day) Type of landfill (sanitary/ pit method) Construction of compound wall /fencing(Yes/No) length of fence/ compound wall Formation of approached roads (Yes/No) Bore wells (Yes/No) Tree plantation taken up (Yes/No) Name 3 dominant Tree Species (species 1) Species 2 Species 3 Target set for User fee (lakhs or Rs) Target Achieved (lakhs or Rs) Total expenditure on Municipal Solid Waste Mgmt Lakhs 7 5 No No 2 No Landfill govt 15 40.92 22 Yes 2008 Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No 1 27 pit method Yes 848mts Yes Yes No No No No No No Landfill site Recycling Composting Expenditure, per ton waste Total income from SWM Representative Sample of Waste Generated from 15 house of 5th Ward in Chickballapur as shown in Table 4 Table 4 Name of ward 1 – 5TH ward Prashanth Nagar, Chickballpur Waste generated by houses Details Household details and ID Name of head of HH No of members in the house No of adults in the house (>13yrs) No of children below 13yrs ID No used for GPS point Composition Details Total Waste of the house (in grams) compostables (g) paper and cardboard (g) Plastic (g) Glass (g) Metals (g) Leather and Cloth /textiles (g) Recyclables Inerts and dust (g) Total Waste of the house (in grams) compostables (g) paper and cardboard (g) Plastic (g) Glass (g) Metals (g) Leather and Cloth /textiles (g) Recyclables Inerts and dust (g) Total Waste of the house (in grams) compostables (g) paper and cardboard (g) Plastic (g) Glass (g) Metals (g) Leather and Cloth /textiles (g) Recyclables Inerts and dust (g) House 1 #102 6 House 2 #103 4 House 3 #105 3 House 4 #104 5 House 5 #109 5 House 6 #107 4 1151.05 884.52 190.3 64.2 12.03 485 366.92 77.7 64.2 - 314 281.79 30.91 1.3 540 518.41 15.31 6.28 - 1093 1005.14 43 26.5 18.36 426 402.3 10.3 8 5.4 Day 1 742.8 682.7 47.01 13.09 - 363.4 273.93 58.43 31.04 - 291.5 261.08 24.04 9.38 7.2 389.6 386.57 3.03 - 876.6 791.28 72.21 11.04 2.07 383.5 376.30 6.80 - Day 2 983.4 891.89 69.5 17.31 4.7 428.2 299.71 110.36 18.13 - 263.2 218.12 26.82 18.26 - 410 385.52 24.48 - 910.4 846.24 50.42 13.74 - 410 365.2 10.7 34.1 Day 3 House 7 House 8 House 9 House 10 House 11 House 12 House 13 house 14 House 15 #106 4 #108 7 #110 3 Nh 4 Nh 6 #112 2 Nh 3 Nh 8 Nh 2 832.7 693.18 102.6 29.01 7.91 1106.8 883.51 138.13 85.16 - 256.1 213.29 24.92 17.89 - 349.7 286.84 42.69 20.14 - 796.8 128.3 228.6 1239.1 725.58 39.81 31.41 - 111.64 12.10 4.56 - 217.49 11.11 - 1077.38 93.95 52.56 15.21 180.7 128.29 42.24 10.17 - 526 453.22 55.15 17.53 - 902.3 505.9 92.6 103.79 - 203.5 137.02 30.17 36.31 - 410.3 324.84 60.32 25.14 - 524.62 473.44 23.04 28.14 - 278.9 235.82 26.72 16.36 - 210.7 185.62 6.3 18.78 - 1131.2 984.92 120.61 25.67 - 152.3 95.78 40.10 16.42 - 620.1 508.98 86.25 20.07 4.8 956.6 704.68 106.76 123.45 - 220.8 197.67 12.07 11.06 - 256 205.59 35.57 14.84 - 598.2 521.2 42.13 26.16 8.61 162.2 131.04 19.02 12.14 - 247.1 205.37 20.39 21.74 - 1667 1049.83 84.92 32.25 - 109.8 65.3 24.46 20.04 - RESULTS AND DISCUSSION OF SOIL PROPERTIES The study area the municipal solid waste dumping site considered in this study is located between Nimmakalakunte and Ankanagondi village this dumping site is about 7 years old, in which the solid waste dumping in this yard was in practice for a period of one to one and half of year later there was no further dumping in this site. Referring to Table 5.3 and Fig 5.1 to 5.16, analysis of soil sample results of uncontaminated and contaminated reveals slight decrease in bulk density and water content in top layer and at a depth of one meter how ever this all most remains same at about 0.5 meter depth compare to the uncontaminated soil. Is specific gravity of the top layer that is right below that solid waste heap shows decreased value. Implies the presence of organic matter mixed with soil The pH Value of soil slightly become alkaline in nature with an average value of 7.49 compared to its pH value of 6.61 for uncontaminated soil. This shows a significant interaction of pollutant with the soil. Plastic and Liquid limit also shows decreasing trend for contaminated soil compared to uncontaminated soil revealing modification of soil properties due to contaminants . The Sieve analysis results shows variation in effective particle size and coefficient of uniformity and coefficient of curvature with respect to soil at top layer and at a depth of 0.5 meter revealing physical alteration of soil particles due to contamination. The compaction test results shows their exist increase in optimum moisture content 21.33 % and decrease in dry density of an average value of 16.74 compared to 15 % OMC and 19.9 kN/m³ of optimum dry density for uncontaminated soil. Unconfined compression test analysis shows that a decrease in UCC strength with a value of 0.23 kg/Cm² for contaminated soil compared to its value of 0.44 kg/Cm² due to the contamination of soil. Table 5 Results And Discussion For Soil Properties Liquid Limit Graph SL NO 1 PARAMETERS UN CONTAMINA TED SOIL CONTAMINATED SOIL TOP SURFACE 0.5M DEPTH 1M DEPTH 2 3 4 5 6 In-situ dry density by core cutter method Bulk density γb in kn/m³ Water content w in % In-situ dry density γd in kN/m³ Specific gravity G pH method Plastic limit wp in % Liquid limit wl in % Sieve analysis D10 D20 D30 Co-efficient of uniformity Cu Co-efficient of curvature Cc Compaction test using light weight Optimum moisture content W in % Dry density γd in kn/m³ UCC Failure plane α Internal friction Φ Cohesion c 18.26 14.8 15.9 2.65 6.61 33% 38.33% 0.22mm 0.52mm 2.00mm 9.09 0.61 16.5 12.5 14.7 2.35 7.52 22% 30% 0.07mm 0.049mm 0.21mm 30 1.63 18.5 15 16.1 2.6 7.64 Sandy soil 36% 0.034mm 0.071mm 0.25mm 0.136 0.59 15.5 11 12 2.7 7.30 Sandy soil 38.5% 0.22mm 0.6mm 1.6mm 8.63 0.86 7 15% 19.9kN/m³ 50˚ 19.79˚ 0.44kg/Cm² 19% 16.18kN/m³ 80˚ 56.30˚ 0.17kg/Cm² 24.5% 17.16kN/m³ 65˚ 30˚ 0.22kg/Cm² 20.5% 16.88kN/m³ 60˚ 29.74˚ 0.3kg/Cm² 8 Fig Liquid Limit for Un-Contaminated Soils Fig Liquid Limit for Contamination Soils At Top Surface Fig Liquid Limit for Contamination Soils at 0.5 Meter Fig Liquid Limit for Contamination Soils at 1 Meter Sieve Analysis Graphs Fig Sieve Analysis for Un-Contaminated Soils Fig Sieve Analysis for Contamination Soils At Top Surface Fig Sieve Analysis for Contamination Soils At 0.5 Meter Fig Sieve analysis for Contamination soils at 1 meter Standard Proctor Compaction Test Using Light Compaction Graph Fig Variation Dry Density Vs Water Content Fig variation dry density Vs water content Variation dry density Vs water content Fig variation dry density Vs water content Un-Confined Compression Test Graphs Fig Variation of Shear Stress Vs Compressive Stress Fig Variation of Shear Stress Vs Compressive Stress Fig Variation of Shear Stress Vs Compressive Stress Fig Variation of Shear Stress Vs Compressive Stress RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ON WATER ANALYSIS Introduction The present studies was under taken to investigate the physical and chemical characteristics and to whether it is affect from waste disposal .the sample were collected from bore wells within 500m radius from the dump site. Take about 2 liters capacity used for the water samples for analysis the physical and chemical characteristics of this water samples are determined according to standard methods. Referring Table 6 to 10, the water quality analysis of the water samples collected from 2-borewells located at a distance of 90 meter and 500 meter and a open well at above 100 meter distance form the dumping site shows considerable variations in pH, Acidity, Chloride content and Hardness. Though most of the results obtained for these parameters are within the permissible limits, the variation in this value might be caused by the influence of pollutants from the solid waste dumping site. How ever to assess ground water quality Hydro-Geomorphologic Feature of the region is to be examined. Table 6 pH Value of Ground Water Sample Sl no Name of experiment conducted Sample -1 form bore point located at 90m form site 1 pH meter method 7.6 7.73 Sample -2 form open well located at 100m form site Sample 3 form bore point located at 500m form site 8.13 Table 7 Acidity Value of Ground Water Sample Sl no Name of experiment conducted Sample -1 form bore point located at 90m form site in (mg/litres) 1 2 Total acidity Mineral acidity 58 Absent 48 absent Sample -2 form open well located at 100m form site in (mg/litres) Sample 3 form bore point located at 500m form site in (mg/litres) 38 Absent Chlorides are not usually harmful to people however, the sodium part of table salt has been linked to heart and kidney disease. Sodium chloride may impart a salty taste at 89.85 mg/L; however, calcium or magnesium chlorides are not usually detected by taste until levels of 131.78 mg/L are reached. The desirable limit for chloride is89.85 mg/L and the permissible limit in the absence of alternate source is 131.78 mg/L. All the water samples fall within the limit. Referring 8 Table 8 Chloride Value of Ground Water Sample Sl no Name of experiment conducted Sample -1 form bore point located at 90m from the site in (mg/liters) 89.85 Sample -2 form open well located at 100m from site in (mg/liters) 131.78 Sample 3 form bore point located at 500m from the site (mg/liters) Undesirable effect outside the desirable limit 1 Chloride test 110.8 Beyond limit test, corrosion palatability are affected Hardness of water sample varies from the 242 mg/l to 290 mg/l. the desirable limit for hardness is 242 mg/l and the permissible limit in the absence of alternate source is 290 mg/l. the calcium concentration varies from 94 mg/l to 186 mg/l and the magnesium concentration varies from 56to 184 mg/l. the desirable limit for calcium is 94 mg/l and the permissible limit in the absence of alternate source is 186 mg/l. the desirable limit for magnesium is 56 mg/l and the permissible limit in the absence of alternate source is 184 mg/l. Referring Table 9 Table 9 Hardness Value of Ground Water Sample Sl no Name of experiment conducted Sample -1 form borepoint located at 90m form site in (mg/liters) 290 106 Sample -2 form openwell located at 100m form site in (mg/liters) 278 94 Sample 3 form borepoint located at 500m form site in (mg/liters) 242 186 1 2 Total hardness Calcium hardness 3 Magnesium hardness 184 184 56 It is found that sulphate is absent and the results of alkalinity is as showing in Table 10 Table 10 Alkalinity Value of Ground Water Sample Sl no Name of experiment conducted Sample -1 form bore point located at 90m form site in(mg/l) Sample -2 form open well located at 100m form site in(mg/l) Sample 3 form bore point located at 500m from the site in(mg/l) 1 Partial alkalinity Absent Absent Absent 2. Total alkalinity 8 14 4 CONCLUSIONS The solid waste generated in the Chickballapur City amounting to 30 metric tones per day. The major constituents of solid waste comprised of organic matter leading to 60-70 % of its total constituents , the remaining portion composed of plastic, clothes , biomedical waste, garage waste Etc, The segregation of solid waste generated in the city is highly recommended before disposal in order to reuse and recycling of suitable materials. The segregation of organic matter is putrescible in nature can be useful in vermicular composting for generation of Bio-manure for agriculture purposes. From the soil quality analysis it was clearly found that the influence of contaminants on geotechnical properties of the soil in the dumping site, the contamination of soil also alter the quality of surface and sub surface sources in order to prevent the contamination of soil and water, the scientific disposal of solid waste is very significant. In order to achieve reduction in quantity of solid waste a practice of systematic collection, transportation, Segregation and disposal by landfill may be practiced. By adopting scientific disposal the depletion of geotechnical Characteristic of soil and water can be avoided. This can be achieved by adopting geo-synthetic liners system in the landfill to prevent transport in migration of leachate from the landfill site Scope for Future Studies It is revealed from the studies, solid waste generation is increasing from time to time with the increase of population and anthropogenic activities of human being. This leads the contamination of soil, subsequently the surface and subsurface water sources. The following are the recommendations for the future studies: Ward wise, location wise generation of solid waste with respect to its characteristics and quantity may be carried out at micro level. For proper solid waste management, the segregation practice at the source level in the initial stage and in the open yard at the final stage may be practiced. Hydro-geomorphologic characteristics of the dumping site and its thorough investigation is significant to understand the extent and intensity of influence of contaminants in the solid waste dumping yard, which also referred for water quality analysis, expected to affected by soil contamination due to solid waste disposal.