HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World War II Section 1:Threats to World Peace Section 2:Hitler’s Aggressions.

Slide 1HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World War II Section 1:Threats to World Peace Section 2:Hitler’s Aggressions Section 3:Axis Gains Section 4:The Soviet Union and the United States Section 5:The Holocaust Section 6:The End of the War CHAPTER 30 Slide 2HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 2 Objectives: Analyze why Japan and Italy were able to carry out aggressive territorial policies in the 1930s. Analyze why Japan and Italy were able to carry out aggressive territorial policies in the 1930s. Explain why the League of Nations was unable to stop international aggression. Explain why the League of Nations was unable to stop international aggression. Describe how Spain’s civil war led to a fascist dictatorship there. Describe how Spain’s civil war led to a fascist dictatorship there. Section 1: Threats to World Peace Slide 3HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 3 Japanese Aggression in Asia League of Nations didn’t protect China League of Nations didn’t protect China Section 1: Threats to World Peace Slide 4HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 4 Italy’s Conquest of Ethiopia League of Nations couldn’t protect Ethiopia since it had no armed forces League of Nations couldn’t protect Ethiopia since it had no armed forces No major powers were willing to enforce League’s sanctions No major powers were willing to enforce League’s sanctions Section 1: Threats to World Peace Slide 5HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 5 Civil War in Spain Nationalists versus Loyalists – Nationalists were led by Franco; Republicans were Loyalists Nationalists versus Loyalists – Nationalists were led by Franco; Republicans were Loyalists Foreign assistance to Spain – antifascist countries supported Nationalists and defeated Loyalists; Franco created dictatorship Foreign assistance to Spain – antifascist countries supported Nationalists and defeated Loyalists; Franco created dictatorship Section 1: Threats to World Peace Slide 6HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 6 Objectives: Explain how Hitler took over Austria and Czechoslovakia. Explain how Hitler took over Austria and Czechoslovakia. Discuss how and why Great Britain and France attempted to avoid another war. Discuss how and why Great Britain and France attempted to avoid another war. Describe how Great Britain and France prepared for war. Describe how Great Britain and France prepared for war. Discuss why Hitler and Stalin created the Nazi-Soviet Pact, and how Western nations responded to Hitler’s invasion of Poland. Discuss why Hitler and Stalin created the Nazi-Soviet Pact, and how Western nations responded to Hitler’s invasion of Poland. Section 2: Hitler’s Aggressions Slide 7HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 7 Austria and Czechoslovakia Annexing Austria – Hitler invaded and declared Austria part of Third Reich Annexing Austria – Hitler invaded and declared Austria part of Third Reich Crisis in the Sudetenland – Czechoslovakia declared martial law in response to riots Crisis in the Sudetenland – Czechoslovakia declared martial law in response to riots Appeasement – British and French leaders accepted Hitler’s demands to avoid conflict Appeasement – British and French leaders accepted Hitler’s demands to avoid conflict Section 2: Hitler’s Aggressions Slide 8HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 8 Preparations for War Negotiating with Stalin – Great Britain and France tried to make alliance with Soviets Negotiating with Stalin – Great Britain and France tried to make alliance with Soviets The Nazi-Soviet Pact – stated that Germany and Soviet Union would never attack each other; secretly agreed to divide eastern Europe The Nazi-Soviet Pact – stated that Germany and Soviet Union would never attack each other; secretly agreed to divide eastern Europe Danzig and the Polish Corridor – Hitler invaded Poland to gain control of Danzig and Polish Corridor, in response Great Britain and France declared war on Germany Danzig and the Polish Corridor – Hitler invaded Poland to gain control of Danzig and Polish Corridor, in response Great Britain and France declared war on Germany Section 2: Hitler’s Aggressions Slide 9HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 9 Objectives: Explain how German control of Norway, Denmark, and the Low Countries benefited Hitler. Explain how German control of Norway, Denmark, and the Low Countries benefited Hitler. Describe the success of German forces in France. Describe the success of German forces in France. Identify the Battle of Britain and the reasons the Germans could not win it. Identify the Battle of Britain and the reasons the Germans could not win it. Describe the role of the United States at the beginning of the war and how that role changed. Describe the role of the United States at the beginning of the war and how that role changed. Section 3: Axis Gains Slide 10HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 10 The “Phony War” Scandinavia and the Low Countries – Germany could outflank France’s Maginot Line Scandinavia and the Low Countries – Germany could outflank France’s Maginot Line Evacuation of Dunkerque – Allied troops escaped with help from British air force Evacuation of Dunkerque – Allied troops escaped with help from British air force Section 3: Axis Gains Slide 11HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 11 The Fall of France The French Resistance – German forces occupied France, collaborated with Vichy government The French Resistance – German forces occupied France, collaborated with Vichy government Section 3: Axis Gains Slide 12HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 12 The Battle of Britain Air attacks on military sites, railroads, civilian and industrial targets Air attacks on military sites, railroads, civilian and industrial targets Royal Air Force flew night and day, used radar to identify enemy aircraft and ships Royal Air Force flew night and day, used radar to identify enemy aircraft and ships Section 3: Axis Gains Slide 13HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 13 United States Involvement Neutrality Acts – United States wished to stay neutral Neutrality Acts – United States wished to stay neutral Lend-Lease Act – allowed United States to supply war materials to Great Britain on credit Lend-Lease Act – allowed United States to supply war materials to Great Britain on credit Section 3: Axis Gains Slide 14HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 14 The Atlantic Charter United States fought against German submarines United States fought against German submarines United States protected ships in western Atlantic United States protected ships in western Atlantic Section 3: Axis Gains Slide 15HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 15 Objectives: Identify the steps the Axis Powers took to gain control of eastern Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa. Identify the steps the Axis Powers took to gain control of eastern Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa. Describe how Germany planned to gain control of the Soviet Union and evaluate the Soviets’ defense. Describe how Germany planned to gain control of the Soviet Union and evaluate the Soviets’ defense. Explain how Japan’s goals in the Pacific led to war with Britain and the United States. Explain how Japan’s goals in the Pacific led to war with Britain and the United States. Section 4: The Soviet Union and the United States Slide 16HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 16 Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean Mussolini invaded Egypt and Greece, but was driven out by British Mussolini invaded Egypt and Greece, but was driven out by British Germany took Yugoslavia, Greece, Crete Germany took Yugoslavia, Greece, Crete Rommel controlled Libya Rommel controlled Libya Section 4: The Soviet Union and the United States Slide 17HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 17 Germany’s Attack on the Soviet Union Germany invaded Soviet Union, marched into Stalingrad Germany invaded Soviet Union, marched into Stalingrad The Soviet defense – scorched-earth methods and guerrilla attacks The Soviet defense – scorched-earth methods and guerrilla attacks Section 4: The Soviet Union and the United States Slide 18HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 18 Japanese Aggressions in the Pacific Japan pushed farther into China, cut off British sea route Japan pushed farther into China, cut off British sea route Japan formed alliance with Germany and Italy Japan formed alliance with Germany and Italy United States placed embargo on oil and scrap iron United States placed embargo on oil and scrap iron Section 4: The Soviet Union and the United States Slide 19HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 19 American Entry into the War Japan’s expansion in Southeast Asia and the Pacific threatened United States and British interests Japan’s expansion in Southeast Asia and the Pacific threatened United States and British interests Section 4: The Soviet Union and the United States Slide 20HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 20 Objectives: Explain how the Final Solution was developed. Explain how the Final Solution was developed. Describe conditions in the concentration camps. Describe conditions in the concentration camps. Identify ways different people resisted the Holocaust. Identify ways different people resisted the Holocaust. Section 5: The Holocaust Slide 21HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 21 Hitler’s “New Order” New Order – pure “Aryan Race” New Order – pure “Aryan Race” Final Solution – destruction of Jewish population Final Solution – destruction of Jewish population Section 5: The Holocaust Slide 22HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 22 Concentration Camps Unspeakable conditions: forced labor, brutality, starvation, filth, disease Unspeakable conditions: forced labor, brutality, starvation, filth, disease Section 5: The Holocaust Slide 23HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 23 Resisting the Holocaust Jews went into hiding, fought back Jews went into hiding, fought back Some escaped with help of non-Jews Some escaped with help of non-Jews Section 5: The Holocaust Slide 24HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 24 Objectives: Identify the outcomes of Allied military actions in the Soviet Union, North Africa, Italy, and the Atlantic. Identify the outcomes of Allied military actions in the Soviet Union, North Africa, Italy, and the Atlantic. Describe how the Allies were able to achieve victory in Europe. Describe how the Allies were able to achieve victory in Europe. List the steps the Allies took to end the war with Japan. List the steps the Allies took to end the war with Japan. Section 6: The End of the War Slide 25HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 25 Important Offensives Battle of Stalingrad – Soviet Union saved Stalingrad Battle of Stalingrad – Soviet Union saved Stalingrad Mediterranean safer for Allies Mediterranean safer for Allies United States and British took Sicily United States and British took Sicily Section 6: The End of the War Slide 26HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 26 The War at Sea and in the Air Battle of Midway – turning point Battle of Midway – turning point Victories at Coral Sea, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, Marshall Islands, New Guinea, Marianas Victories at Coral Sea, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, Marshall Islands, New Guinea, Marianas Section 6: The End of the War Slide 27HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 27 Victory in Europe D-Day – invasion of Allied troops into France D-Day – invasion of Allied troops into France Battle of the Bulge – Allies turned back German drive Battle of the Bulge – Allies turned back German drive V-E Day – Victory in Europe V-E Day – Victory in Europe Section 6: The End of the War Slide 28HOLT World History World History THE HUMAN JOURNEY HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON 28 Victory Over Japan Yalta and Potsdam – Allied leaders agreed to divide Germany Yalta and Potsdam – Allied leaders agreed to divide Germany Japanese surrender – atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki; V-J Day Japanese surrender – atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki; V-J Day Costs of the war – millions killed or wounded, human rights violations, use of nuclear weapons Costs of the war – millions killed or wounded, human rights violations, use of nuclear weapons Section 6: The End of the War