Acknowledgement I am very thankful to the almighty god for helping me complete my project. I thank Mr. Partha Sengupta for giving me the opportunity to train in the reputed institution ‘Dhanuka Agritech Ltd.’ I am thankful to Mr. Shiv Kumar for his support and guidance. Mr Manish Rastogi gave valuable suggestions for preparing the report. I am thankful to my faculty especially Dr. Alok Rai for much needed help to complete the project. I thank my friends and my family members who supported me all through. (Jasraj Singh) 1 Ch. No. Executive summary 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2 3 4 5 6 Introduction About the project Dhanuka Agritech ltd. Pilibhit District Pesticide Industry in India Research Methodology Data Analysis Findings Recommendations Conclusion Appendixes Title Pg No. 3 6 7 8 20 22 26 29 35 41 44 48 Table of Contents 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 Title : District Potential Analysis in Pilibhit Place of study Organization Reporting officer Student’s name PROJECT BRIEF:- : District Pilibhit, UP : Dhanuka Agritech Limited. : Mr. Partha Sengupta : Jasraj Singh The project can be divided into two parts:1. Visit Government officials and get data regarding area under different crops and information about main crops etc 4 2. Visit distributers and dealers of pesticides etc to find out their turnover and district sales and the mandi wise and molecule wise potential of pesticides, fungicides and herbicides. 3. Visit farmers and find out the crops they grow and the chemicals they use to control pests etc. Objective:To understand the district potential in terms of crop acreage, molecule wise, volume wise, mandi wise and competitor wise. Scope of study: During the project I was required to meet various dealers, distributors, officials of the agriculture department to get information on the crop acreage, and molecule sale in mandi. I was also required to meet progressive farmers in mandis. The names and contact details of officials were also to be collected. Sources of data:Primary data sourcedevelopment office. Secondary data source- Internet Research Instrument: - Open ended questionnaire The survey was conducted by visiting farmers who came to sell their produce in the mandi, distributors in the mandi as well as nearby areas. I also visited the Block Development Offices, Face to face interaction with farmers, distributers and officials of agriculture department, block 5 District Agriculture Office, District Horticulture Office and District Cane office 6 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION About the Project Pesticides are an important part of agriculture. With pests and diseases causing losses in the yield to the tune of fifty or more than fifty percent in crops, pesticides play an important role in maintaining the production levels of the crops. If we take sugarcane – ‘white grub’ infestation can losses up to one hundred percent. Such huge losses in the yield can severely impact the economy of the country, devastate farmers and the prices of food items will rise through the roof. This project was to analyse the potential of the district Pilibhit in terms of sale of pesticides. I was supposed to meet distributors 7 of various companies, farmers and agriculture officials of the district and to judge the potential of the district. I also had to analyse the competition faced by Dhanuka in the district. Dhanuka is a well known brand in the country but does not have a considerable share in the district which has fertile and productive soils. Dhanuka Agritech Ltd. The company is headquartered at Dhanuka House, Karol Bagh, New Delhi. VISION- Farmer prosperity through Dhanuka excellence. OUR MISSION- Life Enrichment Through Science OUR OBJECTIVE• Serve the Indian farming community with safer, eco-friendly and quality agrochemicals. 8 • Support the grower on judicious and right use technology. • Provide customer support services on usage and environment safety. • Pursue R & D oriented growth in bulk drugs. Company Profile:With a motto of “Life enrichment through Science ”, Dhanuka Group is engaged in the businesses of Agro-Chemicals & Seeds under Dhanuka Agritech Limited and Pharmaceutical Ingredients under Dhanuka Laboratories Limited. The Rs. 500 crores (USD 125 million) Group has world class manufacturing facilities across India including 4 Agro-Chemicals Formulation Units, 2 Seed Processing units and a WHO-GMP Certified API Facility. The Group has a pan India presence, with branches in all major Indian states and over 15000 strong dealer’s network. Our 1000 strong techno-commercial team takes the message of modern farming to over 1crore (10 million) farmers across the country. With a strong focus on Research & Development and Quality, the group has emerged as the Chosen Partner for several MultiNational Companies doing business with India The Dhanuka Group is a well established manufacturer / formulator of a wide range of popular pesticides; in ECs, Granules, Wettables & Dust Formulations of Insecticides, Fungicides, Weedicides, PGR, Growth Stimulant and Wetting Agents. We are a quality conscious; customer friendly and eco 9 friendly group conscious for new, safe pesticide molecules. The group is committed to provide Customer Support Services in the area of product usage, health, safety and disposals. Over a span of 20 years, the group has emerged as a leading and growing Indian Group in pesticides business with conventional as well as diversified interests. The group is professionally managed by a management group at the top with well defined and planned programme with willingness to achieve a targeted goal. History of Company:Northern Minerals Limited ( NML ), a flagship company of Dhanuka Group, was acquired as sick unit in 1980 with a meager sales turnover of 17 million INR, is today a unit of over 900 million INR. Dhanuka Pesticides Limited ( DPL ), was incorporated as a Public Limited Company under Indian Companies Act 1956 in the year 1985; primarily for manufacture of technical grade pesticides namely Fenvalerate and Cypermethrin. DPL entered into technical tie-up with E. I. DuPont De Nemours & Co. Inc., U S A. in the year 1992 to formulate, brand and market on exclusive and all India basis, Methomyl - Brand name Dunet 12.5 L. A 28 year old, nearly dead molecule Methomyl, which came to India third time, and finally through our Group was recognised in the Indian Market. In the first six months Dunet sales was 232 KL and in the fourth year itself the sales of Dunet 10 touched all time high of 977 KL. In 1984 Group established a R & D unit named Dhanuka Agriculture Research Centre ( DARC), to carry out in-house field research in process development. DARC is recognised by Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India. In the year 1992 Group acquired another sick unit namely Rajasthan Insecticides and Fertilizers Co. Pvt. Ltd. ( RIFCO ), mainly to make dust formulations. This unit has crossed 10,000 MTs production in the third year itself. The Dhanuka Pesticides Limited entered into a series of technical tie-up agreements with a number of Japanese Multinationals. • Takeda Chemicals Industries Ltd., Japan for Cartap Hydrochloride and Validamycin; • Mitsui Chemicals Inc., Japan for Etofenprox; Hokko Chemicals Ind. Co. Ltd., Japan for Kasugamycin. Cartap and Ethofenprox were already in India market for over five years without making any imprint. Dhanuka in the first year itself sold 1635 MT of Cartap Granules ( Caldan 4G ), which in the third year has crossed the mark of 4050 MT. Ethofenprox ( NUKIL 10 EC ) in the first year was 87 KL. Similarly Validamycin ( Sheathmar 3L ), a new molecule in the first year itself touched the mark of 60 KL. Kasugamycin ( Kasu - B ) is launched in the market in the year 2000 only. 11 • On the other hand Northern Minerals Limited ( NML ) joined hands technically with Uniroyal Chemical Company Inc., U. S. A. in the year 1999 to formulate and market Carboxin ( Vitavax 75 WP ), Oxycarboxin ( Plantvax 20 EC ) and Diflubenzuron ( Dimilin 25 WP ). We are in advance negotiation stage for further MOUs with few other MNCs. Within 17 years of its existence, the Group has diversified in Pharmaceuticals Bulk Drugs manufacture activity, Dhanuka Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. ( DLPL ) is established in 1997 to manufacture Cephalexin, Cefadroxil, 7-A.D. C. A. and Simvastatin. Within two years DLPL’s turnover is 150 million INR and is all for exports. In just two decades the group has touched a mark of 1500 million INR as Group’s turnover. Dhanuka Agriculture & Research Centre In 1984 our Group established a R & D unit named Dhanuka Agriculture Research Centre ( DARC ), to carry out in-house field research, process development. DARC is recognised by Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India. Northern Minerals Limited, Mandideep, Bhopal In the year 1992 Group acquired another sick unit namely Northern Minerals Limited, Mandideep, Bhopal, mainly to make dust formulations. This unit has crossed 10,000 MTs production in the third year itself. The company has since been merged with M/s Northern Minerals Limited. Dhanuka Laboratories Limited 12 Within 17 years of its existence, the Group has diversified in Pharmaceuticals Bulk Drugs manufacture activity, Dhanuka Laboratories Limited. ( DLL ) was established in 1997 to manufacture Simvastatin. Cephalexin, Cefadroxil, 7-A.D.C.A. and Dhanuka Seeds Producer & distributors of certified and high quality seeds of cereals, vegetables, oil seeds & pulses & fibers. The group is committed to the development & supply of top quality seeds for the benefit of the farmers, which is one of our main corporate objectives. For all trade enquiries please contact Seed Division. The group has made a modest beginning for the production and supply of seeds with a dedicated team of high qualified seed for crops namely sunflower, soybean , wheat , cotton and vegetable seeds of peas , tomato , chilies , onion are introduced in the recent part. The Group has an excellent rapport with the farmers at the grass root level through our experienced staff at 24 Regional Offices spread throughout the country & is also backed by a strong network of distributors / dealers. Dhanuka takes pride in its strong marketing, sales & distribution set up. This set up for pesticides and seeds business comprises of: Zonal offices headed by General Managers/ Directors, 13 27 branches with large and dedicated warehousing facilities to meet seasonal requirement, Technical support teams, Dhanuka Rapid Action Force at Zonal and Corporate level, Distributor and dealer base for supporting the seeds and pesticides trade, Matching communication infrastructure at all levels. In pesticides industry the right use is as important as the right product in right quantity at the right time. With literacy levels in rural India being very low educating the farmers is a herculean task particularly in a vast country like ours, where terrains are difficult, agro climatic conditions are diverse, large variety of crops is present and land holding is fragmented resulting in extensive training requirement for very small farmers. The marketing team is expert in relationship management. They visit villages as per predefined schedule for the week, for giving product demonstrations and providing technical advice to farmers on right use of technology and about specific crop related problems. Dhanuka team is specially trained before each season to answer queries from the farmers and channel partners. They are also equipped with product literatures, product samples, demo kits etc. to provide on the spot solutions. Classroom and field training for safety and new products is a regular and ongoing activity. 14 Media publicity about the products, diseases and insects is carried out at state and Zonal level apart from large scale campaigning supported by wall paintings and publicity in fares, and below the line advertising and publicity. Future plans of the company : • The company has plans to develop its own Research and Development facility, so that it can reduce its dependence on foreign companies for new molecules and gain an advantage over its competitors. • Set up Seed Testing Laboratory with latest technology. 15 • Create strong & modern infrastructure in the production area to improve quality and reduce operational costs. • Have partnerships with reputed multinational companies for obtaining latest technology and molecules. Awards:• Institute of Trade & Industrial Development Award for Quality Excellence in 1992. The prestigious award was presented to Mr. R. G. Agarwal, the Managing Director, Northern Minerals Limited by Shri Pranab Mukherjee, Hon?ble Minister of Commerce, Government of India, on the occasion of the National Seminar on Quality Consciousness, organised by the Institute on 18th December, 1993. • Institute of Trade and Industrial Development Swatantrata Swarn Jayanti Udyog Vibhushan Award for Excellence in Industrial Performance was conferred on Shri R. G. Agarwal on 27th January, 1999. • Indira Gandhi Priyadarshani Award - 1992, was presented to Mr. M. K. Dhanuka, Managing Director, Dhanuka Pesticides Limited for outstanding achievements and contributions on 76th Birth Anniversary of Smt. Indira Gandhi by Shri K. C. Pant, Chairman, Planning Commission on 18th November, 1992 at New Delhi. • Yuva Rattan Award - 1992, was presented to Mr. M. K. Dhanuka, Managing Director, Dhanuka Pesticides Limited by All India Youth Congress on 6th October, 1992 at New Delhi. 16 • Udyog Rattan Award was conferred upon Mr. M. K. Dhanuka, Managing Director, Dhanuka Pesticides Limited at the time of the conference on Economic Development by Institute of Economic Studies. • A award was conferred upon Mr. M. K. Dhanuka, Managing Director, Dhanuka Pesticides Limited by Lions Club for rendering invaluable support and co-operation of lionistic activities during 1998 - 1999. • Mr. R. G. Agarwal has been nominated for ITID Rajat Jayanti Udyog Award, 2000. SWOT ANALYSIS 17 Strength: 1. A profit making private limited Pesticide Company. The company has been making good profits. 2. Company has a strong R & D wing in pesticides and is also developing the seed research and development wing. 3. Company has a good market share in U.P. 4. Strong brand image for its product. Its products are considered to be of good quality. Weakness: 1. Most of the decisions are based on traditional selling concept. The company focuses on selling its products only during the peak season. Otherwise there is no marketing effort. 2. Less market development attitude and high profit earning motto. Opportunities: 1. Growth in pesticide market in the operational area of the company. 2. Marketing of pesticide/ services under one roof. The company has all its business under one management and the different products like seed and pesticides are sold under the name Dhanuka. 3. Increase in market share of pesticides. Threats: 18 1. Huge competition from national as well as multinational companies. MNCs have a strong research and development base. 2. Requires large investment for developing different molecules to meet the demand of farmers. With pests becoming resistant to existing molecules, discovering or inventing new molecules is a difficult as well as a costly exercise. 3. Uncertainty in market factors and changing market scenario. 4. Wide variation in demand. Demand of the products varies with the season, and also depends on the kind of crop the farmer is growing in the particular season. Demand is also affected by incidence of pests or diseases, which is quite uncertain and does not follow a pattern. 5. Agriculture is also called the ‘gamble of monsoon’. Pesticide demand also depends on the rainfall, especially during the kharif season. District Pilibhit 19 District Pilibhit is located in the Tarai region. It comes in the agro climatic zone 3. The soil of Pilibhit has pH 7 to 8.1. Pilibhit is surrounded by districts U S Nagar on its north, Shahjehanpur in its south, Lakhimpur in the east and Bareilly in the west. Block wise map of Pilibhit Pilibhit has 3 tehsils namely Bisalpur, Puranpur, and Pilibhit. There are 7 Blocks in the district which are Amaria, Marori, Lalorikhera, Barkhera, Bisalpur, Bilsanda and Puranpur. There are 1443 villages in the district. Agricultural loan which is important input in agriculture were disbursed to the tune of Rs 492 crores in 2006-07 which was almost of 2003-04 which shows that more farmers have access to agricultural loans. Therefore it can be inferred that agriculture is advancing. 20 The total area of the district is 3504 sq km. Of the 377775 ha area of the district 235092 ha is cultivated. Out of 2.35 lakh hectares cultivated area 2.25 lakh hectares are irrigated. Of the total area 61 % is under cultivation and 21.1% under forest. The gross sown area in the district is 4.19 lakh ha and the cropping intensity 178.4%. 84% of the farms are less than 2 hectares in size. The major crops grown in the district are Paddy, Wheat and Sugarcane. The other crops grown in the district are Maize, Bajra, Soybean, Moong, Urd and Black gram, The horticultural crops grown are Mango, Litchi, Banana and Guava. Pea, Chilli, Tomato, Cucurbits are the vegetables cultivated. Medicinal plants are grown in a very small area. Pesticide industry in India 21 The total consumption of pesticides in India is about 500 million tonnes making it the 10th largest consumer of pesticides in the world. India is presently the largest manufacturer of basic pesticides among the South Asian and African countries, with the exception of Japan. The Indian pesticides market is the 12th largest in the world with a value of US$0.6 bn, which is 1.6% of the global market pie. India is one of the most dynamic generic pesticide industries in the world, having a total installed capacity of technical grade pesticides consisting of large and medium scale and 400 pesticide formulators (of all sectors) spread all over the country for use in agriculture, public health, household and plant protection. Overall, it can be said that there is a bright future for agro-chemical companies in India in the post-patent era. Our country is endowed with a good degree of ethnic and regional diversity. About three-fourth of the total population resides in the rural areas and majority of them are dependent upon agriculture for their subsistence. Agriculture contributes about 24.7% to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country. It also contributes about 13.1% to the total Indian exports. This sector provides employment to 58.4% of the country's workforce and livelihood to more than 650 million people. Despite this fact, the condition of these people has not shown any significant improvement. The development of the nation largely depends upon the development of the rural population. Mahatma Gandhi had once said: "India's way is not Europe's. India is not Calcutta and Bombay. India lives in her several hundreds of villages". 22 Pesticide is the most important input component for productive, agriculture. In the significant advances that India made in agriculture in the last four decades, the role of the pesticide sector has been substantial. The expansion of pesticide industry has occurred in parallel with growth in agricultural productivity. Given the fact that sustained growth to cope with increasing demand will depend more on the pace of development and adoption of innovative technologies, the pesticide would continue to be a vital component for decades to come. The organized pesticides industry of the country is just forty years old. Yet, its growth has been phenomenal. India is one of the few countries where the pesticide sector is already reasonably advanced. The private pesticide industry is no more confined acquired technological strength to cater to the molecular needs of tomorrow but to just production and marketing of pesticide. It has as well acquired technological strength to cater to the molecular needs of tomorrow. Today 144 Pesticide molecules are registered in India, 65 technical grade pesticides are manufactured indigenously, Bulk of the production is insecticides followed by fungicides and herbicides. There are around 400 manufacturing units involved in the production of pesticides technicals and their formulations. Also almost every MNC banning the Japanese have invested in the production of pesticides in India. Certain Indian Companies have made substantial investments and have made a name and reputation for themselves in the world markets. India is now recognized as an important source for supply of generic products. A very large number of units in 23 the small scale sector are involved in formulations and sell their products essentially on regional basis. Given the large and well spread manufacturing base, it would seem that India should be in a very happy situation in protecting its agricultural wealth from the ravages of pests and diseases. Certain environmentalists have even opined that large scale use of pesticides is seriously affecting our environment. Yet we lose more than Rs.20,000 crores of crops due to pests. Another significant aspect of the pesticides business in India are the challenges of marketing. Due to poor infracture of communication and road/rail network, the marketing of crop protection chemicals is a very expensive business. The problem are duly compounded by the gross musses of authority by the officials and inspections of many of the states who instead of properly regulating the use of pesticides are in fact strangulating pesticide manufacturers, dealers and distributors. India produces 90,000 metric tons of pesticides a year. India’s pesticide industry is the largest in Asia and the twelfth largest in the world. With over 400 million acres under cultivation and over 60% of the country’s population dependent on agriculture, the country’s economy depends on the agricultural sector to a substantial extent. India loses nearly 30% of its potential crop to insects, weeds and rodent attacks. The Pesticides/Crop Protection/Agrochemicals industry plays a crucial role in protecting crops from damage by weeds, pests, insects and fungus, both before and after harvest. This helps to increase crop yields, which is important given the rate at which cultivable 24 land is shrinking. Pesticides, also referred to as agrochemicals, are chemical compounds used for crop protection. The industry manufactures two main types of products :a) Technical grade pesticides (the basic concentrated chemical compound). b) Formulations from these technical grade pesticides (the usable form of pesticides). Technical grade pesticides are both manufactured locally as well as imported. 25 CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research design: The research was designed to be descriptive. A descriptive research study is concerned with describing the characteristics of a particular group. In this kind of study the researcher must be able to define what he wants to measure and must find 26 adequate means of finding and measuring it. The design must be rigid and provide for protection against bias and maximize reliability. Research Technique: Schedule was used to collect relevant data. The schedule was designed by the company officials. It consisted of open ended questions (The respondent would have to enter the answers). A schedule is similar to a questionnaire but the difference is that the schedule is to be filled by the enumerator (researcher or a person appointed for the purpose). The enumerators go from respondent to respondent asking questions in the order given in the schedule and record the answers in the spaces provided. Research Tools: The interpretation was done with the help of percentage analysis and by calculating the mean of the response given by the respondents (The response was quantitative). Sampling Technique: Random Sampling was used to determine the respondents. I visited most of the government officials as it was required in the project. The officials I queried were District Agriculture Officer, District Horticulture officer, District Cane Officer, Plant Protection Officer and the various officials of the Blocks. 27 The project required me to make visits to the mandis, and the district agriculture officials. I met farmers who were visiting the mandis to sell their produce. The farmers I met were there to sell either summer rice or vegetables. 70 farmers were interviewed, 10 from each block. 20 distributors were interviewed majority of them were from Pilibhit and Puranpur blocks. 28 CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS Sale of Pesticides: 1. 450 MT Tonnes of Cartap Hydrochloride 4G (Caldan 4G) is sold in the district. Dhanuka sells 5 MT of Caldan 4G which is 0.7% of the total sale. UPL and Krishi Rasayan sell 5 MT and 40 MT (5.7%) of cartap-hydrochloride. Figure : Sale of Cartap Hydrochloride 4G 2. 3 MT of acetamiprid (Dhanpreet) is sold in the district. Share of Dhanpreet is negligible or zero. 29 3. 8 MT of Quinolphos (Dhanulux) is sold in the district. Dhanuka does not sell any of it. 4. Indoxacarb (Dhaava) has volume of only 0.5 KL Bipenthrin sells only 100 litres 0.7 KL of Kasubamycin are sold in Pilibhit district. 2.7 KL of Pendimethaline is sold in the district. 50 KL of Chloropyriphos (Dhanvaan) is sold in Pilibhit district. Dhanvaan accounts for 0.3KL (0.6% ) of chloropyriphos sales. Krishi Rasayan has sale of 15 KL and Devidyal 4 KL Figure: Chloropyriphos sale (KL) 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Carbendazim + M 45 has volume sales of 6.6 MT. Dhanuka sells 1 MT of sixer. Figure : Sale of Sixer 10.Validamycin (Sheathmar) has volume sales of 2.2 KL in the district. Dhanuka accounts for only 0.15 KL i.e. 6.18%. Figure : Sale of Sheathmar 11. 23.7 KL of Pretilachlor is sold in the district. Dhanuka accounts for 2.1% of Pretilachlor’s market. Figure: Sale of Pretilachlor (KL) 12.Sea weed extract (Dhanzyme) has 1039 MT sale in the district. Dhanuka sells 40MT Dhanzyme , Krishi Rasayan sells 100 MT and PI sells 70 MT of Zyme or sea weed extract. Figure : Sale of Sea Weed Extract (MT) 30 13.Tricontanol sales are 105 MT. There are chemicals from other companies which have good sales. Some of them are – 1. Chloropyriphos + Cypermethrin (Krishi Rasayan) – The company sells 10 KL of this chemical 2. Phorate G is another important insecticide. PI sells 100 MT of this chemical. 3. The most important weedicide of Paddy is Butachlor. More than 2 Lac litres of butachlor are sold and Machete of sinochem has the largest share of 1 lac litres. 4. Imidacloprid 17.8 SL is used for controlling thrips. Around 5KL of this are sold in Pilibhit District. 5. Isoproturon has sales of 4 MT in the district. Farmers awareness of Dhanuka and its penetration 1. 60 % of the farmers interviewed knew Dhanuka was an insecticide, pesticide or herbicide company. 10% of the farmers had used a Dhanuka product. Figure : How many farmers recognized and used Dhanuka products 2. The products that the farmers had used were craze, ozone and dhanzyme. 31 3. 50% sale is from Puranpur mandi, 30% from Pilibhit and Bisalpur gives 20% of the total molecule sale. 4. Most of the large farmers are situated in areas surrounding Puranpur, Majhola, Amaria and Nurea. CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS 32 Pilibhit is one of the districts with the highest potential for the sale of pesticides, fungicides and other agricultural inputs given the high fertility of the soil and the farmers who are advanced and keep up with the latest developments in agriculture. A) Crop Acreage Among all the crops grown in the district Wheat occupies the largest area under cultivation i.e. 180000 hectares or around 446400 acres. Rice is cultivated in 160000 hectares and Sugar cane in 70816 hectares. This shows that Paddy, Wheat and Sugarcane are the most important crops in the district. These crops have a high susceptibility to diseases and insects signifying the great demand of pesticides in the district. Oilseeds are also grown in large area i.e.16000 hectares. This area includes both the seasons i.e. kharif as well as rabi. Vegetables in kharif occupy an area of 1425 hectares. Of this Brinjal is grown in 275 hectares, Okra in 325 hectares, chilli in 250 hectares and cucurbits in 575 hectares. Rabi vegetables occupy 3282 hectares. The distribution of the area under different heads is – potato 257, onion 240, tomato 230, okra 270, brinjal 310, chilli 425 and cole crops 650 hectares. Pulses occupy an area of 550 hectares. 33 B) Competition Apart from Dhanuka the companies doing business in the district are BASF, Bayer, Biostadt, Dupont, Excel, Gharda, PI, Nagarjuna, Rallis, Syngenta, UPL, Krishi Rasayan, Crystal Phosphates ltd and a host of local companies like Somanil, Parijat etc. Crystal Phosphates ltd has the greatest turnover in the district which is around Rs. 2.25 crore. Krishi Rasayan stands at number 2 with a turnover of Rs. 1.75 crore. The largest companies in the district in terms of turnover are Crystal Phosphates Ltd.(Rs. 2.25 crore), Krishi Rasayan (Rs. 1.75 crore), Bayer (Rs. 1.5 crore), Syngenta (Rs. 1.25 crore), Rallis India (Rs. 1 crore)and Biostadt(Rs. 1 crore). Dhanuka has a turnover of Rs. 0.48 crore. Figure 2: Turnover of a few companies C) District Sales of Chemicals* The Agriculture department provided data regarding the sales of chemicals in the district. The sale was according to the technical content. Category Department Private Sale* 34 Insecticide Dust Insecticide Liquid Fungicide Herbicide Sale* 10213 kg 1870 l 5987 l 6721 l 93000 kg 17220 l 33996 l 75210 l 1. The private sale (by dealers) of insecticide dust and granules in Kharif season in 2008-09 was 60000 kg and in the Rabi season was 33000kg. 2. The private sale of insecticides liquid was 10000 litres in Kharif and 7220 litres in Rabi. 3. 38850 l of herbicide technical content was sold in Kharif and 36360 l in Rabi season by the private players. *The quantity mentioned is in technical grade. Of the 70 farmers interviewed two had 2 hectares land, fifteen farmers owned land between 2 and 4 hectares, 27 farmers owned land between 4 and 10 hectares. Twenty five farmers owned more than 10 hectares. Major Insects – 1. The main insects of Paddy are Termite, Borer, Brown Hopper borer. 2. Main insects of Sugarcane are Termite, Shoot Borer and Top 3. 4. The main insects of Wheat are Termite and Aphid. Potato crop is infected by Aphids. 5. Pod borer is major pest of pea. 35 Major Diseases – 1. 2. 3. 4. Major Paddy disease is Blast. Major diseases of Wheat are Karnal bunt and Rust. Major disease of Sugarcane is Red rot Major diseases of Pea are Rust, Mildew, and Blight. Insect Control 1. For control of insects in Paddy the insecticides used mainly are Chloropyriphos , Monochrotophos, Cartap 4G, Cypermethrin and Endosulphan. 2. In sugarcane, Cartap 4G, Chloropyriphos + Cypermethrin and fipronil (Regent) are used. Insects of potato are controlled by applying monochrotophos or furadon. 3. 4. Imidachloprid is used to control thrips and pod borer in pea Weed Control 36 1. For weed control in Paddy the most common herbicide is Butachlor 50% ec. It is used in almost 70% of the paddy growing area. Pretilachlor is the next most common used pesticide. Around 24 KL of pretilachlor are sold in the district. 2. Sulfosulfuron and Metribuzin are used for weed control in wheat. 3. In Sugarcane metribuzin, atratof, 2,4-D, glyphosate, atrazine are used to control weeds, but usually manual weeding is done. 4. Metribuzin is used in potato for weed control. Disease Control: 1. For control of Rust, Mildew and Blight in pea Bavistin, streptrocyclin are commonly used. Sulfur is also used to control powdery mildew. 2. Redomil of Syngenta, Bavistin, Thiram etc are used to control fungal diseases in Potato. CHAPTER 5: RECOMMENDATIONS 37 1. The company should increase the marketing staff in the district to handle sales and promotion as most of the distributors complained about shortage of staff in the district. There were only 3 field assistants in the district which is not sufficient to handle all the activities related to sales and promotion. Besides the sales executive did not visit distributors in Amaria block. Sufficient staff should be appointed (including field assistants). 2. Beef up the promotional activities for Dhanuka’s products, as the product knowledge among the farmers was very less. Very few farmers had used Dhanuka’s products, and usually these had to be pushed by the distributors. Farmers did not come asking for a product of Dhanuka, but they did ask for products of companies like Syngenta, Devidyal etc. 3. Create a core group of molecules (that have the highest volume sales) and promote them extensively. The group should contain 38 Caldan 4G, Craze and Dhanzyme. These molecules had the highest sales among all the molecules produced by Dhanuka, but were promising products, and the molecule category had great potential. 4. Result demonstrations should be held at farmers’ fields to show the quality of Dhanuka products. In result demonstration, a product is used in a given field and the results are compared to nearby fields in which another product was used, or with a control plot. The differences in results of the two can be judged by the farmers. This will also justify the higher price (which is comparable to MNC’s) of Dhanuka products. 5. Distributors were reluctant to push sales of Dhanuka as they got better deals and margins from other companies, especially local ones. The local companies gave margins of about 50%. Dhanuka should work out deals which are attractive to the distributors. Since it is not possible to give such huge margins as that will mean reduction in the quality, the company can bring out lucky draw schemes or other ways to encourage distributors. 6. The company should also avoid giving distributorship to those who have distributorship of local companies. 39 CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION 40 Pilibhit is one of the largest agri-inputs markets in Uttar Pradesh. Intensive farming is practised in the district with a crop intensity of 178%. Cartap Hydrochloride has volume of 450 MT in the district of which Dhanuka sells only 5MT . The main players selling the molecule are Coromandel and Biostadt (50 MT each). There is a lot of potential for increasing the sale Caldan 4G. The market for chloropyriphos is 50 KL of which Dhanuka accounts for only 0.3 KL which is very less. Paddy crop has the highest potential for herbicides. 280 KL of Butachlor 50 EC is consumed in the state for application in 112000 hectares. Pretilachor has a market size of around 24 KL i.e. it covers about 19000 hectares of Paddy. 41 Sixer sells only 0.3 MT as compared to 6.6 MT of the total sale of the molecule. Farmers have begun to understand the importance of using Plant Growth Regulators in their crops. The market for Sea Weed Extract is nearly about 1000 MT. This shows that Sea Weed Extract is used in nearly 50000 hectares (at an application rate of 8 kg). And, unlike insecticides, which are used at the incidence of insects, PGR are used in a crop to increase its growth. Once the farmer who uses it is satisfied he will use them regularly. Therefore it can be said that the market for PGR is bound to grow and Dhanuka with its excellent product can go to capture a large share of the market. Dhanuka should increase the amount of publicity it does and should extensively promote its products. 42 Season Crop Paddy Pulses Brinjal Area (ha) 160000 550 275 325 250 575 161975 180000 257 240 230 270 310 425 650 16000 70816 Kharif Okra Chilli Cucurbits Total Wheat Potato Onion Tomato Rabi Okra Brinjal Chilli Cole Crops Oilseeds Sugarcane Table: Crop Acreage 43 Appendix I List of Agriculture Department Officials S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Name Dr. V. B. Singh Mr. Vijay Chand Mr. Yashraj Singh Mr. H. K. Upadhyay Mr. Chet Ram Designation District Cane Officer District Horticulture Officer District Agriculture Officer Deputy Director Agriculture Plant Protection Officer Mobile No. 9410455539 9369327087 9412430105 9450824281 9410896834 44 Appendix II Block Officials S. No 1 Mr. P K Shukla 2 Mr. Bhanu Pratap 3 Mr. Dinesh Singh 4 Mr. R B Lal 5 Mr Virendra Kumar 6 Mr. Virendra Pal 7 Mr. Rajendra Kumar Mathiya 8 Mr. Om PRakash 9 Mr Yashwant Sinha Name Designa tion BDO ADO AG ADO ISB ADO SK ADO Coop VDO SK GVA VDO GVA Headquart er Amaria Amaria Amaria Amaria Amaria Amaria Amaria Amaria Amaria Contact No. 97586250 20 99170563 32 97199398 20 97616646 08 94110911 46 97200150 86 97582794 11 97582792 80 94126670 45 10 Mr. Ram Kishore 11 Mr. Bhagwan Das 12 Mr. Pankaj Sharma 13 Mr. Babu Ram Gangwar 14 Mr Vikas Pandey 15 Mr. Inder pal Singh Yadav 16 Mr. Ram Prakash Maurya 17 Mr. Najam Iqbal GVA GVA GVA GVA GVA BDO GVA ADO Amaria Amaria Amaria Amaria Amaria Lalorikher a Lalorikhera Lalorikhera Lalorikhera Lalorikhera Lalorikhera Lalorikhera Lalorikhera Lalorikhera Lalorikhera Barkhera 45 94102598 78 94128705 17 99271776 13 97191993 67 99270805 47 94123763 25 94121341 32 94128468 79 94128474 64 97593151 78 94112859 84 98376057 65 94116467 65 94110362 79 94123130 30 99196781 53 46 Coop 18 Mr. Khem Pal Singh ADO Stat Gangwar 19 Mr. Karan Singh 20 Mr. Dharam Das Verma 21 Mr. Suresh Kumar 22 Mr. Nagendra Kumar 23 Mr. Puran Singh Panna 24 Mr. Rajesh Kumar Gautam 25 Mr Jivan lal Arya ADO ISB GVA ADO Ag. GVA GVA GVA BDO 26 Mr. Virendra Pal Sharma 27 MR. R D Gangwar 28 Mr. Vishambar Dayal 29 Mr. Ramchandar 30 Mr. Ram Kishore 31 Mr. Jayanti Prasad 32 Mr. Vivek Verma 33 Mr. Ram Prakash 34 Mr. Dharmendra Kumar 35 Mr Anil Kumar 36 Mr Prakash Kumar Mishra 37 Mr. R K Shukla 38 Mr. Mahesh Chandra Verma 39 Mr Govind Prasad Tripathi 40 Smt Sudha Arya 41 Mr Jalaluddin 42 Mr Akhilesh Kumar ADO SK ADO Coop GVA GVA GVA GVA GVA GVA GVA GVA GVA GVA ADO St ADO ISB BDO GVA GVA Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Barkhera Marori Marori Marori 97200150 86 94568911 89 97199183 05 94576440 88 94102598 78 97586716 64 97586565 20 97596412 63 97581647 29 94128518 85 94119770 39 97205659 36 94128468 70 97601380 72 93697223 77 92598017 96 94100277 47 Singh 43 Mr. Narendra Kumar Singh 44 Mr. Rupesh Kumar Singh 45 Mr. Mussaraf Hussain 46 Mr. Ashok Kumar Singh 47 Abhas Kumar Singh 48 Mr. Lal Bahadur 49 Mr. Dhirendra Kumar Sen 50 Amol Kumar 51 Lal Bahadur Gangwar 52 Brijesh 53 Lal Bahadur Morya 54 Surendra Singh 55 Virpal Singh 56 Pankaj Sharma 57 Harish Bharati 58 Raja Ram GVA GVA GVA GVA ADO GVA BDO Marori Marori Marori Marori Marori Marori Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur 22 94128089 60 94112843 90 94574324 57 94106255 29 94116897 13 94112856 69 94151644 95 94100252 75 94112856 69 94126670 81 97193369 95 94119761 22 94106260 56 97959512 74 94126792 54 94114972 97 48 59 Kripa Kumar 60 Dinesh Kumar 61 Atul Pathak 62 Pawan 63 Rajiv 64 Suresh Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur 97196460 58 94506403 38 94114960 98 94124827 12 94125548 93 94108198 54 49 Appendix III List of distributors Contact Name of Firm Rohilkhand Krishi Seva Kendra Punjab Pesticides Dashmesh Khad Bhandar Vijay Khad Bhandar Krishi Agro Enterprises Durga Khad Bhandar Pubjab Khad Bhandar Shukla Khad Bhandar RBS Mittal & Co Pal Agro Traders Friends Khad Bhandar Chandra Agro Traders Singh Agro Traders Agarwal Khad Bhandar Chaudhary Agro Traders Master Beej Bhandar Place Amaria Amaria Majhara, Majhola Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Puranpur Bisalpur Majhola Majhola Nurea Nurea Pilibhit Pilibhit Pilibhit Contact Person Ashok Kr Gupta Gurvinder Singh Gurnam Singh Govind Lal Sharma Umesh Chandra Jaiswal Rajesh Gupta M. Z. Khan Ashish Shukla Devendra Agarwal Jaspal Singh Dilbag Singh Tara Chandra Malkit Singh Rakesh Kumar Satyendra Mishra Navneet No. 9412329 762 9410627 804 9759669 120 9412585 334 9410024 243 9456059 899 9412433 970 9412482 459 9927990 512 9412296 342 9997499 510 9428470 68 9456084 443 9411285 027 9412380 1.4 0.35 0.88 0.45 0.25 0.18 2 0.45 5 Turno ver 0.55 0.2 0.1 50 Swadesh Kumar Keshav Enterprises Pilibhit Khad Nigam Upasana Agro Traders Pilibhit Pilibhit Pilibhit Gupta Navin Agarwal Shyam Bahadur 378 9412531 614 9412134 485 9761882 948 0.4 7 0.3 Appendix IV Questionnaire for Distributor Name of mandi: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Name of the firm: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Add: Date: ------------------------------------------------------Contact person: -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Name of Interviewer: -----------------------------------------(1) What is the crop rotation of the area:1. 2. 3. 4. (2) Name of the companies for which you are dealing & their turn over: Mob: 51 S.N o. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name of the company Turn over in Lac. (3) Name of the top 3 distributors of mandi:Name of distributor Place Total Turnover (Lac) (4) Main product & their Volume company wise in the mandi :Compan y Product/V ol. Product/V ol. Product/V ol. Product/V ol. Product/V ol. Product/V ol. Product/V ol. 52 (5) Total market potential (volume) main products (Qty in LT /Kg): Product / Tech name Total market size Main market player Total potential (6) Total sales company wise for the year 2008-09 (value in Lac):S.No . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name of the company Total sales 2008-09 53 Appendix V Questionnaire for Agriculture Department 1. Main crops of the area, their acreage and main insect / disease / weeds problem of crop :KHARIF:Crops Acreage Main Insect Disease Weeds RABI:Crops Acreage Main Insect Disease Weeds 54 VEGETABLE:Crops Acreage Main Insect Disease Weeds Appendix VI Questionnaire for Farmers Name of the farmer: --------------------------------------------S/o ----------------------------------------------------------Village: --------------------------------------------------------------District: ----------------------------------------------------Mobile No: ------------------------------------------------Total land holding: -----------------------------------------------(8) Main crops of the area, their acreage and main insect / disease / weeds problem of crop/ confirm that farmer can read leaflet: KHARIF:Crops Acreage Main Insect Disease Weeds Name Product used 55 Main Insect Disease Weeds Main Insect Disease Weeds RABI: Crops Acreage Main Insect Disease Weeds Main Insect Disease Weeds Main Insect Disease Weeds VEGETABLE CROPS:Crops Acreage Main Insect Disease Weeds Main Insect Name Product used Name Product used 56 Disease Weeds Main Insect Disease Weeds 57