CUADRO RESUMEN DE LOS TIEMPOS VERBALES EL PRESENTE SIMPLE Afirmativa. Sujeto + Inf. 3ª p. ( He, She, It ) añade “-s” o “-es Sujeto + Don’t o Doesn’t + Inf Do o Does + S + Inf? I live in Elda. He kisses her. She washes up every day. I don’t like coffee. She doesn’t smoke. Negativa. Interrogativa. Usos. Otros. Do you love me? Does he go to school? Acciones habituales. I get up at 7.45. Verdades universales. Snow is cold. The match starts at 6.00. Horarios. The train leaves at 6.00. Acciones en el futuro sujetas a un horario. Le suelen acompañar: every day, always, usually, often, never, generally, etc. EL PRESENTE CONTINUO Afirmativa. Negativa. Interrogativa. Usos. S + Be (am, is, are) + Ing. S + Be + Not + Ing. Am, Is, Are + S + Ing? Acciones en proceso Planes futuros. Acciones repetidas. I am reading. She is not smoking. Are you running? I am readind a book. I am playing tennis tomorrow. He is always talking. Otros. Le suelen acompañar: at present , nowadays, now, at the moment, etc. 263 EL PRESENTE PERFECTO Afirmativa. Negativa. Interrogativa. Usos. S + Have (have o has) + I have played tennis. I have eaten paella. Participio pasado I have not washed the dishes. S + Have + Not + I have not seen her. Participo pasado. Have you been there? Have o Has + S + Participo pasado? I have read the book. Acciones acabadas de las que no se dice cuando sucedieron. Puede llevar just , for, since, already, yet, etc. Otros. EL PASADO SIMPLE Afirmativa. I played. S + Vb. Regular + ed S + Vb Irr ( 2ªColumna). I ate. S + Did + Not (didn’t) + I did not play. I did not eat. Inf. Did + S + Inf? Did you play? Did you eat? Negativa. Interrogativa Usos. Otros. I went to Barcelona. Acciones que I was reading the paper and then ocurrieron en el it began to rain. pasado. A veces acompaña al pasado continuo Le suelen acompañar: last year, yesterday, two days ago etc. EL PASADO CONTINUO Afirmativa. Negativa. S + Be (Was, Were) + Ing. S + Was, Were + Not + Ing I was writing a letter. I was not writing a letter. 264 Interrogativa. Usos. Was, Were + S + Ing? Acciones en proceso en el pasado. En narraciones. Para descripciones. Were you writing a letter? I was painting the gate. The girls were smiling. EL PRESENTE PERFECTO CONTINUO Afirmativa. Negativa. Interrogativa. Usos. S + Have o Has + Been I have been learning English for 20 years. +Ing. S + Have o Has+ not + I have not been sleeping. Been + Ing. Have o Has + S + Been Have you been reading? + Ing? Acciones que comenzaron en el pasado y todavía continuan o acaban de suceder, Resalta la duración de la acción. For y since le suelen acompañar. Otros. EL PASADO PERFECTO Afirmativa. Negativa. Interrogativa. Usos. I had gone. S + Had + Participio Pasado. I had not gone. S + had + Not + Participio Pasado. Had she gone? Had + S + Participio Pasado?. Acciones que ocurrieron antes que otra acción pasada. Le suelen acompañar: when, before, by the time etc. Otros. EL PASADO PERFECTO CONTINUO Afirmativa. S + Had + Been + Ing. I had been watching TV. 265 Negativa. Interrogativa. Usos. S + Had + Not + Been + I had not been watching TV. Ing. Had + S + Been + Ing?. Had she been ironing? Acciones que estaban en proceso antes que otra acción pasada ocurriera. EL FUTURO SIMPLE Afirmativa. Negativa. Interrogativa. Usos. Otros. S + Will o Shall + Inf. S + Will + Not + Inf. Will + S + Inf? I will go. I will not go. Will she come? Acciones futuras. Predicciones Le suelen acompañar: tonight , tomorrow, next year, in a month. EL FUTURO CONTINUO Afirmativa. Negativa. Interrogativa. Usos. S + Wil be + Ing S + Will + Not + Be + Ing. Will + S + Be + Ing? Acciones futuras en progreso. I will be reading Valle de Elda. I will not be watching TV. Will you be working? EL FUTURO PERFECTO Afirmativa. Negativa. Interrogativa. S + Will have + Participio Pasado. S + Will + Not + Have + Participio Pasado. Will + S + Have + Participio Pasado? I will have arrived at 7.00. I will not have finished. Will she have paid? 266 Usos. Acciones acabadas en el futuro. EL FUTURO PERFECTO CONTINUO Afirmativa. Negativa. Interrogativa. Usos. S + Will have + Been + I will have been working. Ing. S + Will + Not + Have + I will not have been working. Been + Ing. Will + S + Have + Been + Will you have been working? Ing. Acciones que estarán finalizadas en el futuro. EL CONDICIONAL SIMPLE Afirmativa. Negativa. Interrogativa. Usos. S + Would + Inf. S + Would + Not + Inf. Would + S + Inf? Deseos en el presente o en el futuro. I would go to London. I would not go to London. Would you go to Lisbon? EL CONDICIONAL PERFECTO Afirmativa. Negativa. Interrogativa. I would have gone to London. S + Would + Have + Participio Pasado. S + Would + Not + Have I would not have gone to London. + Participio Pasado. Would you have gone to Paris? Would + S + Have + Participio Pasado? Lamentos sobre acciones pasadas. Usos. 267