Introduction to the Periodic Table C: 4 January 2012 Grab a calculator and find your new seat. Objective: You will be able to: convert between number of atoms/molecules, moles and mass of any element or compound. Do now: Search in your notes: a. What is a mole? b. How many atoms/molecules are in a mole? Agenda Do now Review: The Mole Mole to atoms/molecules conversions Practice Problems Mole to mass conversions Practice Problems Homework: Week 17 Homework page 1-2: tomorrow Hey, did I get your lab report?! Calculators You’re going to need a calculator to complete homework for the rest of the year. Come work in here Tues. and Thurs. Buy a $10 scientific calculator must have scientific notation Use your cell phone (at home). The Mole Atoms are so tiny; how do we quantify their masses? The mole: a unit for amount of substance In groups of 6.02 x 1023 atoms or molecules 6.02 x 1023 atoms/molecules = 1 mole 6.02 x 1023 atoms/molecules = Avogadro’s Number 4 Big Questions http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0zxF66nbRU If you react 5.0 grams of oxygen with 5.0 grams of hydrogen, what will you produce? How many grams will be produced? Will there be oxygen or hydrogen left over? If so, how much? Convert Between Moles and Number of Atoms/Molecules Same two fractions for ANY element or compound!! 6 Example 1 How many atoms of silver are in 5.00 moles of silver? Example 2 How many molecules of water are in 3.5 moles of water? Example 3 How many moles of sodium are equal to 1.50x1024 atoms of sodium? Example 4 How many moles of water are equal to 5,000.0 molecules of water? Practice Problems Convert 3.01 x 1023 atoms of silver to moles. Convert 2500 molecules of water to moles. How many atoms of carbon are in 3.2 moles of carbon? How many atoms of beryllium are in 2.1x1014 moles of beryllium? 11 Homework Week 17 Homework page 1 and…did I get your lab report?! Atoms to Moles How many atoms of sodium are in 0.5 moles of sodium? How many atoms of oxygen are in 1.5 moles of oxygen? How many atoms of fluorine are in 0.075 moles of fluorine? How many atoms of argon are in 3.45 moles of argon? 13 C: 5 January 2012 Take Out Homework: Week 17 p. 1 Objective: You will be able to: convert between mass and number of moles of a sample of any element or compound. Do now: How many moles are equal to 2,300,000 molecules of methane? Show your work! Agenda Do now Homework answers Review converting between moles and number of atoms/molecules Converting between moles and mass of elements and compounds Practice Problems Ticket Moles Conversions Stations Homework: Week 17 Homework page 2: Fri. Quiz Monday on atom/molecule, mole, mass conversions Converting between moles and mass of elements Two possible conversion fractions: Example 1 Calculate the mass in grams of 3.50 moles of hydrogen. Example 2 Calculate the number of moles equal to 10.0 grams of silicon. Practice Problems What is the mass in grams of 3.50 mol of copper? What is the mass in grams of 2.25 mol of iron? How many moles of aluminum are equal to 11.9 grams of aluminum? How many moles of calcium are equal to 5.00 grams of calcium? What if you’re working with a compound, not an element? Mass = molar mass! Review: Calculate the molar mass of water. Example 1 Calculate the mass of 3.0 moles of water. Example 2 Calculate the number of moles equal to 0.50 grams of carbon dioxide. Converting Between Moles and Mass Calculate the mass of 5.00 moles of methane. Calculate the number of moles equal to 5.00 grams of boron trifluoride. Calculate the mass of 0.50 moles of ammonia (NH3). Calculate the number of moles equal to 1,000. grams of water. Objective Ticket Start your homework if you finish early. Homework Week 17 Homework page 2: Fri. Quiz Mon. on atom/molecule, mole, mass conversions C: 6 January 2011 Grab a calculator Take Out Homework: Week 17 p. 2 Objective: You will be able to: convert between number of atoms/molecules, moles and mass of a sample of any element or compound. Do now: Calculate the mass of 5.00 moles of magnesium chloride (MgCl2). Agenda Do now Check homework Finish conversion stations Homework: Week 17 page 3-4: Mon. Quiz Monday on atom/molecule, mole, mass conversions Mass to moles to atoms lab On the front: Find the mass of the sample. Subtract the mass of the container (given on the card). Convert to moles Convert to number of atoms Always show all your work! A correct answer = a number + units + element/compound On the back: Copy down the number of atoms (from the card) Convert to moles Convert to mass Check your answer by massing the sample on the balance. C: Homework Week 17 Homework p. 3-4: Mon. Quiz Mon. on atoms/molecules, moles, mass conversions C: Homework Week 17 Homework p. 2: tomorrow C: 9 January 2012 Grab a calculator and your green folder Take Out Homework: Week 17 p. 3-4 Objective: You will be able to: convert between atoms/molecules, moles and mass of any element or compound. Do now: How many atoms are there in 1.00 gram of zinc? (Do this in two steps.) Agenda Do now Homework answers Questions Quiz on 4.1 and 4.2 Hand back work/progress reports/clean out folders Demo: chemical change Homework: None! Quiz When you finish, raise your hand. Track your last Unit 3 Quiz Clean all Unit 3 materials out of your folder and paperclip them together, with your tracking sheet on top. Leave this pile on your desk for stamps. Then, after the quiz, put it in your green folder. C: 12 January 2012 Grab your green folder Objective: You will be able to: write correct formula equations for chemical reactions Do now: Brainstorm: Write down as many indications (signs) of a chemical reaction as you can. Agenda Do now Organize/stamp Chemical reactions notes and demo Writing equations examples Practice problems Homework: Week 18 Homework #1-3, 7-9: Fri. Late work/Lab report rewrites by Weds. Jan. 18 10 min. to organize Organize your folder/notebook. Stack up and paperclip all Unit 3 materials Put your tracking sheet on top. Track your last Unit 3 Quiz. Get stamps! Put your papers in your green folder in the bin. **You must be in your seat unless you are putting your folder in the bin.** Chemical Reactions Demo In your notebook, record your observations. Indications of a Chemical Reaction Heat and Light Production of a Gas (bubbles) Formation of a precipitate A solid produced as a result of a reaction between two solutions Color change chemical reaction: changing substances to other substances by breaking bonds in reactants and forming new bonds in products. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F54rqDh2mWA Chemical Equations How do chemists describe chemical reactions? chemical equations: an expression representing a chemical reaction Word Equation Hydrogen gas combines (explosively!) with oxygen gas to produce water vapor reactants: hydrogen, oxygen products: water Formula Equations H2(g) + O2(g) H2O(g) (s) – solid, (l) – liquid, (g) – gas (aq) – aqueous (dissolved in water) Reactants Products Symbols + and, reacts with yields (to yield), produces (to produce), forms (to form) Diatomic molecules 7 elements make diatomic molecules: H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 “7 make a 7” HINClBrOF You must be sure to write correct chemical formulas for reactants and products! Write the word equation Na2O(s) + H2O(l) NaOH(aq) Solid sodium oxide reacts with water to yield a solution of sodium hydroxide Write the formula equation Solid copper reacts with a solution of silver nitrate to yield solid silver and a solution of copper (II) nitrate. Cu(s) +AgNO3(aq) Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq) C: 13 January 2012 Take Out Homework: Week 18 #1-3, 7-9 Objective: You will be able to: write correct formula equations for chemical reactions Do now: Write the word equation: Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g) Agenda Do now Writing equations practice problems Exit ticket Homework: Week 18 Homework #4-6 and 10-18: Wednesday Late work/Lab report rewrites by Weds. Jan. 18 Practice Solid magnesium reacts with oxygen gas to yield solid magnesium oxide. Practice Worksheet Complete pages 3-4 with your partner Exit ticket Homework Week 18 Homework #4-6 and 10-18: Wednesday Late work/Lab report rewrites by Weds. Jan. 18 A: 12 January 2012 Take Out Homework: Week 18 # 1-3, 7-9 Objective: You will be able to: write formula equations for chemical reactions Do now: Write correct formulas for: iron (III) oxide nitrogen dioxide Agenda Do now Check homework and answers Writing formula equations practice Homework: Week 18 Homework #4-6 and 10-12 Late work/Lab report rewrites by Weds. Jan. 18 Writing Formula Equations Complete pages 1-2 with your partner. C: 18 January 2012 Take Out Homework: Week 18 #4-6, 10-12 Objective: You will be able to: use the law of conservation of mass to balance chemical equations Do now: Write the formula equation for: Solid magnesium reacts with oxygen gas to yield solid magnesium oxide. Agenda Do now Paperclip Mini-lab Balancing Equations Examples Practice Problems Homework: Finish paperclip mini-lab: Thurs. Week 18 Homework pages 5-6: Thurs. Midterm Exam Wednesday, January 25 10:15 am -12:05 pm Bring a calculator, pens/pencils You’ll get a periodic table and polyatomic ions list Midterm Exam 29 Questions, most with 2 parts A mix of multiple choice and short answer/problem solving Some have tier III questions – at end of test On most objectives in Units 1-5 Your review sheet will tell you which ones. Very similar to quiz and homework questions you’ve seen. Paperclip Mini Lab p. 1-2 You and your partner share on bag of paperclips. Follow the directions exactly. Be sure to record data as specified by the directions. To bond, unlink paperclips completely from the original compounds and then relink them to form the new compound. Unlink all paperclips and return to bag when you finish! Law of Conservation of Mass In a chemical reaction, matter is never created or destroyed. The number of atoms and the mass of each element of the reactants must be equal to the number of atoms and the mass of element of the products. This is shown by placing a coefficient in front of the formula for each compound. H H H H H H H H H H H H O O O O O O O O O O O O C C C C C C C C C C C C H H H H H H H H H H H H O O O O O O O O O O O O H H H H H H H H H H H H O O O O O O O O O O O O C C C C C C C C C C C C H2(g) + F2(g) HF(g) H2(g) + F2(g) HF(g) 2 H2O(l) H2(g) + O2(g) H2O(l) H2(g) + O2(g) 2 2 Balancing Chemical Equations Ca(s) + S8(s) CaS(s) Ca(s) + S8(s) CaS(s) 8 8 Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g) Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g) 2 Balancing Equations H2 + O2 H2O ZnS + O2 ZnO + SO2 Ag3PO4 + KBr K3PO4 + AgBr H2SO3 + O2 H2SO4 Na2SO4 + Fe(NO3)3 NaNO3 + Fe2(SO4)3 AgNO3 + CaCl2 AgCl + Ca(NO3)2 Now: Finish the paperclip lab page 3 Rank your studying priorities on pages 1-3 of the midterm review guide Both of these things are due tomorrow! Assignment Paperclip Mini-lab Handout with your partner Homework Finish paperclip mini-lab Week 18 Homework pages 5-6 both due tomorrow C: 19 January 2012 Take Out Homework: Paperclip Mini-Lab and Midterm Review Packet Objective: You will be able to: balance chemical equations to satisfy the law of conservation of mass and review for the midterm Do now: Write and balance: Solutions of silver nitrate and calcium chloride react to form solid silver chloride and a solution of calcium nitrate. Agenda Do now Homework answers Writing and balancing equations practice challenge! Unit 1 Review Midterm review packet work time Homework: Finish Unit 1 Review questions AND Priority 1 and 2 Questions: Fri. On your Priorities Ticket Write down your top three priority units. We’ll use these to make work groups tomorrow and Monday. Midterm Exam Wednesday, January 25 10:15 am -12:05 pm Bring a calculator, pens/pencils You’ll get a periodic table and polyatomic ions list Midterm Exam 29 Questions, most with 2 parts A mix of multiple choice and short answer/problem solving Some have tier III questions – at end of test On most objectives in Units 1-5 Your review sheet will tell you which ones. Very similar to quiz and homework questions you’ve seen. Unlock the Code! With your partner, write and balance four equations. Place the correct coefficients into the blanks at the top of the page. Come up and try the lock! Hand in your worksheet. Start Unit 1 Review problems with your partner. Unit 1 Review With your partner, complete the Unit 1 Review questions (p. 3-7) When you finish, decide on your next priority and begin those questions. You will receive a class work grade out of 10 points for your work today. Stay in your seat, work quietly, stay on task Homework: Unit 1 Questions and your Priority 1 and 2 Questions due tomorrow. A: 19 January 2012 Take Out Homework: Week 19 Homework Objective: You will be able to: review Unit 1 for the midterm exam. Do now: List the steps of the scientific method. Then, write a hypothesis for the research question: Will my jeans shrink more each time I put them in the dryer? Unit 1 Review Unit 1 is a HUGE priority for this class! So, let’s review together. Na2O2 + H2O NaOH + O2 2Na2O2 + 2H2O 4NaOH + O2 CaCl2 + Fe2(SO4)3 CaSO4 + FeCl3 3CaCl2 + Fe2(SO4)3 3CaSO4 + 2FeCl3 Al2O3 + HCl AlCl3 + H2O Al2O3 + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2O KClO3 KCl + KClO4 4KClO3 KCl + 3KClO4 AgNO3 + CaCl2 AgCl + Ca(NO3)2 2AgNO3 + CaCl2 2AgCl + Ca(NO3)2 Na2SO4 + Fe(NO3)3 NaNO3 + Fe2(SO4)3 3Na2SO4 + 2Fe(NO3)3 6NaNO3 + Fe2(SO4)3 3Na2SO4 + 2Fe(NO3)3 6NaNO3 + Fe2(SO4)3 C12H22O11 + O2 CO2 + H2O C12H22O11 + 12O2 12CO2 + 11H2O BaCl2 + (NH4)2CO3 BaCO3 + NH4Cl BaCl2 + (NH4)2CO3 BaCO3 + 2NH4Cl Liquid silicon tetrachloride reacts with liquid water to produce solid silicon dioxide and a solution of hydrochloric acid. SiCl4(l) + 2H2O(l) SiO2(s) + 4HCl(aq) Nitrogen gas reacts with oxygen gas and water to produce a solution of hydrogen nitrate. 2N2(g) + 5O2(g) 2H2O(l) 4HNO3(aq) KOH + Cl2 KCl + KClO3 + H2O 6KOH + 3Cl2 5KCl + KClO3 + 3H2O Balancing Equations Practice Worksheet A: 18 January 2012 Grab your clicker! Take Out Homework: Week 18 p. 5-7 Objective: SWBAT classify reactions as one of the five types of chemical reactions. Do now: Balance: Na2SO4 + Fe(NO3)3 NaNO3 + Fe2(SO4)3 Agenda Do now Homework solutions balancing equations Balancing Equations Exit Ticket Types of Reactions Notes Clicker Practice Problems Midterm Studying Survey Homework: Week 19 Homework: Thurs. Finish “Unlock the Code” Worksheet (optional) Midterm Exam Wednesday, January 25 10:15 am -12:05 pm Bring a calculator, pens/pencils You’ll get a periodic table and polyatomic ions list Midterm Exam 29 Questions, most with 2 parts A mix of multiple choice and short answer/problem solving Some have tier III questions – at end of test On most objectives in Units 1-5 Your review sheet will tell you which ones. Very similar to quiz and homework questions you’ve seen. Exit Ticket Balancing Reactions Types of Chemical Reactions Reaction Type General Equation Definition Example Composition Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement Combustion Composition Reaction General Equation: A + X AX Definition: two or more substances combine to form a new compound. Example: 4Li(s) + O2(g) 2Li2O(s) Composition Li + O2 O Li2O Li O Decomposition Reaction General Equation: AX A + X Definition: a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. Example: 2H2O(l) 2H2(g) + O2(g) Decomposition KClO3 KCl + O2 K Cl O O O K Cl O O Single Replacement Reaction General Equation: A + BX AX + B Definition: One element replaces a similar element in a compound. Examples: Mg + 2HCl H2 + MgCl2 2Al + Pb(NO3)2 3Pb + 2Al(NO3)3 Single Replacement KI + Br2 KBr + I2 Br K Br I Double Replacement Reaction General Equation: AX + BY AY + BX Definition: the ions of two compounds exchange places in an aqueous solution to form two new compounds. Example: 2KI(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) PbI2(s) + 2KNO3(aq) Double Replacement CuCl2 + Na2S 2NaCl + CuS Cl Cl Cu Na Na S Combustion Reaction General Equation: CxHy(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(g) Definition: a substance combines with oxygen and releases a large amount of heat (exothermic) or light energy Example: C2H6(g) +O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(g) A + Y AY Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction A + BX B + AX Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction AB A + B Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction AB + XY AY + XB Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction A + O2 CO2 + H2O Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction 2H2O 2H2 + O2 Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction 2C + O2 2CO Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction Mg + CdCl2 Cd + MgCl2 Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction Al2(SO4)3 + 3Ca(OH)2 2Al(OH)2 + 3CaSO4 Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction 2C6H14 + 19O2 12CO2 + 14H2O + heat Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction BaO + H2O Ba(OH)2 Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction 2NaNO3 2NaNO2 + O2 Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO3 Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction 2Al + 3ZnCl3 3Zn + 2AlCl3 Composition Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single Replacement Reaction Double Replacement Reaction Combustion Reaction What does a combustion reaction require? Heat Oxygen Carbon dioxide Love Gasoline Which type of reaction? Al2(SO4)3 + 3Ca(OH)2 2Al(OH)2 + 3CaSO4 2C6H14 + 19O2 12CO2 + 14H2O + heat BaO + H2O Ba(OH)2 2NaNO3 2NaNO2 + O2 AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO3 2Al + 3ZnCl3 3Zn + 2AlCl3 What does a combustion reaction require? Midterm Review! What units are your studying priority? Complete by the end of the period You’ll be assigned groups working on your top priorities based on this survey! Then, work on your 1st priority review or the Week 19 Homework Homework Week 19 Homework: tomorrow “Unlock the Code” worksheet (optional) Start the Midterm Review packet (optional) A: 19 January 2012 Take Out Week 19 Homework Objective: You will be able to: review Unit 1 for the midterm! Do now: Fill in a Venn diagram: phosphide phosphate Take Out Week 19 Homework Objective: You will be able to: review Unit 1 for the midterm! Do now: Fill in a Venn diagram: phosphide phosphate Agenda Do now Homework Answers Unit 1 Review with a partner Begin your second priority unit review Homework: Finish Unit 1 Review questions Finish your priority #2 review questions Unlock the code = extra credit: tomorrow Extra Help Today: 3:30-4:30 Monday and Tuesday at lunch Tuesday: 3:30-4:30 Your grade 10 point class work grade: follow directions stay on task work quietly with only your partner stay in seat unless using a scavenger hunt clue A: 20 January 2012 Take Out: Midterm Review Packet Objective: You will be able to: review your second and third priority units for the midterm! Do now: a. How many atoms are in a mole of calcium? b. How many atoms are in 0.50 moles of calcium atoms? Agenda Do now Today’s assignment and Groups Check Unit 1 answers with group Check assigned unit answers with group Unit 4 Review as a class Begin 3rd priority review questions independently Homework: Complete your third priority review questions (started in class) Then, complete the questions for one more unit. You should have FOUR units complete! due Monday Your #2 Priority: Check answers Unit 2a: Garlyn, Joey, Sophie, Unit 2b: Larissa, Emily, Zuri Unit 2c: Ricardo, Israel Unit 2d: Trae, Marie, Julian Unit 3: Loveng, Brunyr, Crystal Unit 4: Karen, Hannah Homework Complete your third priority review questions (started in class) Then, complete the questions for one more unit. You should have FOUR units complete! due Monday C: 20 January 2012 Take Out: Review Packet Objective: You will be able to: review your 2nd and 3rd priority units for the midterm. Do now: Fill in Venn diagram: phosphide phosphate Agenda Do now Groups and Assignment Check Unit 1 Answers Check Assigned Unit Answers Complete 3rd priority review questions Homework: Finish 3rd priority review questions Do one more unit: Due Monday. Groups Unit 2a: Javier, Dyani, Lorreno Unit 2b: Jackson, Nekeyla, Bryan Unit 2c: Meryem, Martely, Carlheb Unit 2d: Leslie, Patrick, Christine Unit 3a: Devin, Jesse, Kenny Unit 3b: Courtney, Obayanna, Daysia Unit 5: Adley, Kendra, Carla Today’s assignment With your group, check your answers to the Unit 1 Review Questions (10 min.) Then, with your group, check your answers to review questions for your assigned unit (10 min.) Finally, work independently to complete the review questions for your third priority unit. (remaining time) Class work grade 10 points possible: Stay in your seat unless you’re scavenging. Talk quietly and only with members of your group. Stay on task and complete the work! Homework Finish 3rd priority review questions Do one more unit: Due Monday. You will have FOUR units done by Monday! Extra Help Today: 3:30-4:30 Monday and Tuesday at lunch Tuesday: 3:30-4:30 A: 23 January 2012 Take Out: Midterm Review Packet Objective: You will be able to review objectives for the midterm exam. Do now: Write an equation: A solution of sodium nitrate and solid lead (II) oxide react to form a solution of lead (II) nitrate and solid sodium oxide. Agenda Do now Questions? Review work time Homework: Check your review answers! Study for midterm on Wednesday Bring a calculator! Extra help Tuesday, 3:15-3:45 pm Review Packet Answers on the blog! I made a mistake on the second balancing the equation problem – fix it for bonus points. Give me your correction tomorrow at the exam. A review problem together! A solution of sodium nitrate and solid lead (II) oxide react to form a solution of lead (II) nitrate and solid sodium oxide. Write and balance the equation. Calculate the molar mass of lead (II) nitrate. How many moles are equal to 10.0 grams of lead (II) nitrate? How many molecules is that? On your own Complete the review questions for any unit you have left. You may quietly ask your partner if you have questions, but are working on your own. Raise your hand if you have questions! Questions?