1. ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﲑ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻃﻘﲔ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﻭﺭ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻫﺞ- ﻣﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﻭﺩﺭﻭﺱ- ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻭﻣﻼﺣﻖﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ:• ﻨﻅﺭﺓ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ• ﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻓ ﻕ ِﺭ • ﻤﺫﻜﺭﺓ ﻭﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺠﻴﺔ• ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ • ﻤﻼﺤﻕﺘﺄﻟﻴﻑאא ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ـ ﺃﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻭﻥ ٧٢٤١ﻫـ ـ ٦٠٠٢ﻡ 2. ٣ www.kotobarabia.com 3. ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ ﻫﺩﻓﻬﺎ ﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﺼﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﻨﺎﻫﺠﻬﺎ .............................................................................................. 5 ﺗﻼﻣﻴﺬ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ......................................................................................................................... 9 ﻤﺫﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ـ ﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﻭﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻤﻌﺯﺯﺓ .............................................................................................. 41 ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ: ﻧﻤﺎذج دروس )اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ( .................................................................................................... 94 ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ / ﺍﻟﻭﺴﺎﺌل ................................................................................................... 26 ﻤﻼﺤﻕ ......................................................................................................................................... 86 4www.kotobarabia.com 4. ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ ﻫﺩﻓﻬﺎ ﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﺼﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﻨﺎﻫﺠﻬﺎ ٥www.kotobarabia.com 5. ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ١ﺍﻟﺨـﻁﺔ ـ ﻫﺩﻓﻬﺎ، ﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎ/ ﻓﺼﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﻨﺎﻫﺠﻬﺎ ﹸ ﱠ )ﻨﻅﺭﺓ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ( *ﻫﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ:ﹸﻁﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻀﻡ:ﺨ 1 - ﺍﻟ ﹸﻁﺔ’: ﻤﺎ ﺍﺨﺘﻁﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺀ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ. ﻴﻘﺎل: ﻫﺫﻩ ﹸﻁﺔ ﺒﻨﻰ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻭ ﹸﻁﻁﻬﻡ؛ ﻭ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻁﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺒﺭ ﺴﻠﻔﺎ) ﺨ ﺨ ﺨ ﺨ ﺹ ٠٣٥، ﻉ ١( . - ﻭﺍﻟ ﹸﻁﺔ : : planﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻴﻀﻌﻪ ﺃﻭﻟﻭ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﺘﻘﺒل ﻤﻥ ﺸﺅﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻨﻴﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺨ ﻭﻜل ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁﻭﺍﻹﻨﺘﺎﺝ، ﻭﻴﺤﺩﺩﻭﻥ ﻟﻜل ﹸﻁﺔ ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﻤﻌﺩﻭﺩﺓ، ﻓﻴﻘﻭﻟﻭﻥ: ﺨﻁﺔ ﹶﻤﺴﻴﺔ ﻭ ﹸﻁﺔ ﻋﺸﺭﻴﺔ)ﻤﺤﺩﺜﺔ(. )ﺹﺨ ﹸ ﺨﺨ ٠٣٥، ﻉ ١( - ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ )ﻓﻰ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ( : planningﻭﻀﻊ ﺨ ﱠﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﻭﺴﺔ ﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﻤﺎ، ﺒﺤﺴﺏ ﺘﺨﺼﺼﻬﺎ، ﺃﻭ ﹸﻁ ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﺍﺤﻰ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﺔ. ﻭﺘﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻰ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﺘﺴﻤﻰ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ. )ﺹ ٥٢٥، ﻉ ١(. * ﺃﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻜﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺘﺠﺭﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺔ .ِﻁﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻜﺴﺭ:ﺨ - ﺍﻟ ِﻁﺔ: ﻤﺎ ﺍﺨ ﹸﻁ. ﻭﻗﻴل: ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻁ ﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ٠ )ﺃﻭ ﻹﻗﺎﻤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﻴﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺴ ﹶﺭ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻰ ﻨﺹ ﺤﺩﻴﺙ( )ﺹ ٢٣٥،ﻔ ﺘﺨ ﻉ ١( ﺍﻟ ِﻁﺔ: ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺭ ﻴﺨﺘﻁﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺭﺠل ﻓﻰ ﺃﺭﺽ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻤﻠﻭﻜﺔ ﻟﻴﺤﻭﺯﻫﺎ ﻭﻴﺒﻨﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ)ﺹ ٢٣٥، ﻉ ١(ﺨ - ﻭﺍﻟ ِﻁﺔ: ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﹸﻨ ل ﻭﻟﻡ ﻴﻨﺯﻟﻬﺎ ﻨﺎﺯل ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل. )ﺝ( ﺨ ﹶﻁ ) ِﻁﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻓﻰ ﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻋﻥ ﺯﻴﻨﺏ ﺍﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻋﺒﺩِﻁ ﺨﺘﺯﺨ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺴﻌﻭﺩ "ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻰ ﻭﺭﺙ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ِﻁﻁﻬﻥ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺠﺎل" ﻭﻫﻰ ﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﺎﺌﻊ.) ﺹ٢٣٥، ﻉ ١(: ﻭﺭﺜﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻰ ﻟﻬﻥ ﺨ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺠﺎل- ﻭ ﺨﻁﻁﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﻴﺭ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺭ ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻩ: ﺍﺘﺨﺫﺕ ﻓﻴﻪ ِﻁﻁﺎ ﻭ ﺃﻭﻜﺎﺭﺍ ) ٤٢٥، ﻉ ١(ﺨ * ﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺤﺴﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺒﺩﻭ. * ﻭﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩ/ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴىﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺍﺭﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔ ، ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ )ﺴﻴﻤﻨﺎﺭ ﺒﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻰ=ﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ، ﻭﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ، ﺴﺒﺘﻤﺒﺭ٣٠٠٢ ﻡ – ﺭﺠﺏ٤٢٤١ﻫـ، ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻨﻭﻓﻤﺒﺭ ٦٠٠٢ﻡ، ﺹ ٧. www.kotobarabia.com ٦ www.kotobarabia.com 6. ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺴﻴﺱ ﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﺃﺠﻤﻊ؛ ﺃﻭ ﺒﺎﻷﺤﺭﻯ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﻤﻘﻨﻨﺔ ﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺃﺭﺒﻊ ﻓﺭﻕ، ﻭﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻰ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓـﺼﻭلﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ:ﻓﺼل ﺃﻭل :ﻫﻭ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺼل؛ ﻭﻴﻠﻤﺢ ﻟﻠﺨﻁﺔ ﺃﺒﻌﺎﺩﺍ ﻓﻰ ﻓﺼﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ؛ ﺜﻡ ﻴﻔﺼل ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺔ ﻤﺭﺤﻠﻴﺎ.ﻓﺼل ﺜﺎﻥ : ﻤﺫﻜﺭﺓ ﻟﻤﺴﺎﻕ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻰ، ﻭﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻤﻌﺯ ﺓ. ﺯ ﻓﺼل ﺜﺎﻟﺙ: ﺜﺒﺕ ﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ )ﺒﺒﻠﻭﺠﺭﺍﻓﻴﺎ( ﹶ ﹾﻓﺼل ﺭﺍﺒﻊ : ﻟﻠﻤﻼﺤﻕ؛ ﻭﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﺠﺎﻨـﺏ ﻭﺒﻌـﺽ ﻭﺴـﺎﺌﻠﻪ،ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺴﺘﻜﻤل ﻭﻴﺘﺒﻨﻰ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ. * ﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﻤﻘﻨﻨﺔ)ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻭل( : ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻜﻠﻐﺔ ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ )ﻟﻠﻁﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻅﻤﻴﻥ – ﻓ ﻕ: ١، ٢، ٣، ٤( ِﺭ, TEACHING ARABIC AS A 2nd LANGUAGE CURRICULA COURCES, ACTIVITIES, ANDBIBLIOGRAPHY(FORREGULAR )4,3,2,1 'STUDENTS, CLASS ﻭﻜل ﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﻴﺤﺩﺩ ﻤﺴﺎﻗﺎﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻭﺃﻨﺸﻁﻁﺘﻪ ﻭﻜﺘﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﻤﺭﺍﺠﻌﻪ، ﻭﻭﺴﺎﺌﻠﻪ. ,*Each Curriculum specifies the necessary cources, activities and references*Computer, satellite, and records; together with traditional .means are duely integrated and counted upon*ﻴﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻡ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﻤـﻥ ﻗﺎﺌﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟﻤـﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠـﻊ variaty of recommeded 3 teaching textbooks are available on Partﺍﻟﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ.)FOUR Curricula (Through 4 separate Groups .1) Regular students for the first Formﺍﻟﻔﺼل ﺍﻷﻭل)ﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ ﻤﻨﺘﻅﻤﻭﻥ(2) Regular students for the 2nd Form ﺍﻟﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻰ)ﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ ﻤﻨﺘﻅﻤﻭﻥ(3) Regular students for the 3d Formﺍﻟﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ)ﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ ﻤﻨﺘﻅﻤﻭﻥ4) Regular students for the 4th Formﺍﻟﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ)ﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ ﻤﻨﺘﻅﻤﻭﻥ( ٧www.kotobarabia.com 7. ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ FIRST CLASS ﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ ﻷﻭل ﻤﺭﺓStudents attending for the first time COURCES: .FC. 2 1-a :Arabic phonetics: Arabic alphabet : script and pronunciation/printed and hand writing F.C. 1-b Arabic book / cassette: general course of communication . F.C. 1 –cAudio understanding – students Book / teacher’s handbook. F.C. 1- dLive Arabic3 text bookﺍﻟﻔﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ SECOND CLASS ﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ ﺒﺎﻟﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲStudents attending for the second year*General revision S.C. -2-a Arabic book / cassette general course Of communication . S.C - 2-b Audio understanding – students Book / teacher’s handbook S.C- 2- c Live Arabic( text book42 F.C. = First class Alarabiah Lilhayah, (p.26- 179) /ﻤﺜﻼ 3 p.177- 228+ p. 257- 266) Alarabiah Lilhayah/ﻤﺜﻼ4 ٨www.kotobarabia.com 8. ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔTHIRD CLASSﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ ﺒﺎﻟﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ Students attending for the third year T.C-3-a - Extensive study of Arabic phonetics: Alphabet , script and Grammer5 T.C- 3- b- Possessive pronouns -Trilateral verbs ( table of conjugation) T.C- 3- c- LIVE ACTIVITIES: − visits and live dialogues − stickers − Arabic newspapers − Arabic songsﺍﻟﻔﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔFOURTH CLASS *REVISIONS: Arabic four 1st, 2nd, & 3rd classes: (Allbeing brought to a unique standard). F.C.-4a- Live practices of impressive readings Arabic by reading , writingand printing. F. C- 4- b- grammar (tables) F.C-4- c- Motivating translations / based on texts from news papers, poetshaving similitude in Arabic poetry ( Empirical Approach ) F.C.- 4- d- colloquial Arabic (Egyptian dialect )On literary Arabic , Notes & Means ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩ /ﻤﺜﻼ 5 - Phonology, script, and Grammar. - Phonemic scriptural Arabic Alphabet. - List of English words Drafted from Arabic. - List of Arabic/Semitic vocabulary flooding Ukrainian and Russian language.) ٩www.kotobarabia.com 9. F.C-4- e- Activities: (through the interesting Teacing Program, and/ mostly )through the newly established Laboratories− Arabic satellite viewing times− Arabic vedio cassettes− .Readings and contributions to the Academe Magazine− Possible Academic mission and tourist trips* ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻰ : ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻴﺤﺔ : ﻤﺫﻜﺭﺓ ﻭﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﺇﻤﺘﺎﻋﻴﺔ :■ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﺭﺓ:ON LITERARY ARABIC : NOTES ANDMEANS..PHONOLOGY ,SCRIPT, AND GRAMMAR.PHONEMEC SCRIPTURAL ARABIC ALPHABET.LIST OF ENGLISH WORDS DRAFTED FROM ARABIC• ARABICSEMETIC VOCABULARY FLOODING UKRANIANAND.• RUSHIAN LANGUAGES ﻤﺫﻜﺭﺓ ﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺼﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﻭﺘﺩﺭﻴـﺴﻬﺎﻟﻸﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺘﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ٢٢ ﺼﻔﺤﺔ ، ﻭﺘﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ :-• ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻷﻭل: ﻴﺴﺘﻨﻘﺫ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺤﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻭﺭ ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﻠﻘﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻠﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﻼﻡ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﺠﺎﻨﺏ. • ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ : ﻟﻭﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺒﺠﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ، ﻋﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻠـﻲ ﺃﺒﺠـﺩﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ ، ﻤﻊ ﺘﻭﻀـﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﺘـﺸﺭﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﻬـﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﻁـﻕ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻨﻲ.• ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ : ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺒﺜﺭﻭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴﺔ. • ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ : ﺘﻭﻁﺌﺔ ﻭﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺒﺎﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﺸﻌﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ. ٠١ www.kotobarabia.com 10. ■ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻹﻤﺘﺎﻋﻰ ﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ: Arabic Enjoyable Learning ﺘﻭﺼﻴﻑ ﻭﺭﺼﻴﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﻭﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺠﻴﺔ )ﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﻤﺼﺎﺤﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻅﻡ. ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺒﺙ ﺇﻟﻴﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻴﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻤﺠﻠﺔ( ﺃﻭﻻ: ﺘﻭﺼﻴﻑ: ﻤﻨﺤﻰ ﺇﺒﺩﺍﻋﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ ، ﻤﻨﻬﺠﻰ ﺇﻋﻼﻤﻰ ، ﻤﻭﺠﻪ ﻟﻠﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺘﺩﺌﻴﻥ ﺘﻌﻠﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻜﻠﻐﺔ ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ .؛ ﻴﺴﺘﻬﺩﻑ :− ٨٧٢١ ﻤﻔﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ− + ١٦٩ ﻤﻔﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ − + ٣٠٠١ ﻤﻔﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ − + ٣٨٤ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ − + ٥٠٠١ ﻤﻔﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺴﺔ − + ٧٨٣١ ﻤﻔﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺴﺔ* ﻤﻠﺤﻭﻅﺔ : ﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﻻﺕ " ﺍﻟﺭﺼﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻭﻯ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻰ ، ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ، ﺘﻭﻨﺱ ٨٠٤١ ﻫـ - ٧٨٩١ﻡ ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺎ: ﻤﺤﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕ: ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ : − ﺨﻼل ﺤﻜﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻭﻑ ؛ ﺃ ﺏ ﺕ ﺙ ﺍﻟﺦ ، ﺩﻭﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴل .− ﺍﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﺴﻤﻙ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻷﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﻴﺤﻴﺔ − ﺨﻼل ﺘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ ﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﻻ ﻓﻀل ﻟﻌﺭﺒﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺒﺔ ﻤﻬﺎﺭﻴﻴﺔ ﻭﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺒﺨﻁﻭﻁ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ. − ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ : ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﺴﻤﻪ ﻭﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ – ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﺒﺄﺴـﺎﻟﻴﺏ ﺨﻁﻴـﺔﺜﻼﺜﺔ . ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ :− ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﺤﻜﺎﻴﺔ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ / ﺘﻴﻤﺔ ﺘﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻟﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ− ﺘﻀﻤﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺌﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺌﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ ١١ www.kotobarabia.com 11. − ﺠﻤل ﻤﻥ ﺨﻴﺭ ﻭﺸﺭ− ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻭﻑ ﻤﺸﺒﻜﺔ− ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻭﻑ ﻤﺠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ )ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺭﻭﻏﻠﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﺍ( − ﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﻸﺒﺠﺩﻴﺔ ﺘﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴلﻭﺍﺠﺏ : ﺤﺯﻤﺔ ﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎﻜﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﺏ < ﻭﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺒﻨﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﺒـﺭﺍﻟﺤﺎﺴﻭﺏﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ :− ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﻜﺎﻴﺔ ﻓﺭﻋﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺫﺏ : − ﺨﻁﻭﻁ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻰ ﻤﺜﻠﻬﺎ ، ﻭﻓﻰ "ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻜﺫﻭﺒﺎ ﻓﻜﻥ ﺫﻜﻭﺭﺍ"− ﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻹﻋﺭﺍﺏ ﻤﻊ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ ؛ ﻭﻟﻔﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻜﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﻤﺎﻟﺔ.ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺏ : ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﺭﺴﻤﻪ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺹ + ﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺤﻜﻤﺜﻴﻥ ﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺘﻴﻥ . ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ : − ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ : )ﻭﻓﺭﺓ ﺴﻭﺍﻜﻥ ﺍﻷﺒﺠﺩﻴﺔ ( – ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﺩﻴﺩ – ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌل ، ﻭﻤﻁـﺭﺩ−ﺠﺩﻭﻟﻰ . ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺏ : − ﺠﻤل ﻤﻥ ﻀﻤﺎﺌﺭ ﻗﺴﻡ ٢ ﻭﻤﻥ ﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎﺕ ﻗﺴﻡ ٤ ﻫﺫﺍ − ﻁﻠﺏ ﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻤﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻓﻰ ﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩل ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻨﻥ ﻟﻠﻔﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔﺍﻷﻟﺴﻜﻭ− ﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺸﺘﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﺴﺎﻡ . ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺴﺔ : − ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﺒﻥ ﻷﺒﻴﻪ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻁﺭﺩ ﺤﺩﻭﺘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺫﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺫﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻋﻭﻨﻴﺔ ؛ ﻭ ﻤﻁﺭﺩ ﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻨﻴﺔ، ﻭﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺫﺏ. ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻡ ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻨﻰ : Formative & Summative − ﺃ ﺏ ﺕ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﻀﻤﺎ ﻭﻓﺘﺤﺎ ﺍ ﻭﻜﺴﺭﺍ. ٢١www.kotobarabia.com 12. − ﻁﻠﺏ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺃﻓﻌﺎل ﻟﺼﻭﺭ ﻭﻤﺤﺎﻜﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﺸﻤل ﻤﺎﻭﺭﺩ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘـﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺒﻨﻴﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ. − ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﺭﺓ ﻭﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ.ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ : )ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺒﻠﻭﺠﺭﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﻔﺼل ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ(: ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ: ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻕ : )ﻭﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﺠﺎﻨﺏ، ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺴﺘﻜﻤل ﻭﻴﺘﺒﻨﻰ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ )ﻓـﺼل ﺩﺭﺍﺴﻰ ﺃﻭل، ﻭﻓﺼل ﺩﺭﺍﺴﻰ ﺜﺎﻥ(. ٣١ www.kotobarabia.com 13. ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻤﺫﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ـ ﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﻭﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻤﻌﺯﺯﺓ ٤١ www.kotobarabia.com 14. ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐﻤﺫﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ـ ﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻤﻌﺯﺯﺓ:ﺃﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ Phonology, Script, And Grammar. Phonemic Scriptural Arabic Alphabet .List Of English Words Drafted From Arabic.Arabic / Semitic VocabularyDeveloped, Edited, And IntroducedBy Dr. ABD- EL HAKEM EL- ABD Expert of Arabic Associate Professor And Head Of Arabic Department Languages and Translation CenterThe Academy Of Arts1995- 2003١٥ www.kotobarabia.com 15. PREFACE Teaching is an art which needs to be introduced in an attractive manner and by simple means. But simplicity is nothing but a sort of deep understanding and skill.OUR HAND OUT here, first a lecture by Dr. ﻉIffat Al-shaqawi, who practiced education for foreigners for several years, and got to graduate teachers to carry on with the mission ؛together with additions, arrangements, and authorities given by the editor, is aiming at a course qualifying to teach Arabic to English speaking students. Hopefully it did not leave any doubt of the necessity of developing our teaching means, in order to enable students in the age of speed to progress. THE HAND OUT is mean of education, which can achieve quick and immediate results. Notice how it teaches the cases of AL-IARAAB )ﺤـﺎﻻﺕ ﹸ ( ﺍﻹﻋﺭﺍﺏas a set amongst a system of general categories:NOMINATIVESACCUSATIVESGENETIVES. THE ACCUSATIVE CASE, for example, included the object and the noun of time, place, manner, reason, etc6 . IN OTHER PRACTICAL CASES we can consider teaching (kaana wa akhawatuhaa ) through the nominal sentence of subject and predicate ( almusnad 'ilayhi wa-lmusnad ) not by saying (ismu kaana ) but by saying kana after subject or aafah)inna after subject etc. AND WHEN WE TEACH (Haalatu-Iid it can be described as follows :- KITAB U -L WALAD I TALIB U -L MADRASAT IFINALLY this course is to be given to adult students who-so ever their ages might vary, who originally speak English (but seek Arabic as an allied language), and to students who seek their originality in Arabic(westerners of Arab origin). A meathod like this is originated by Ibn Hishaam as we referred, and is well tried bilingually as we see ؛hence forth it can be implemented as an introductory course, within a complete curriculum7.6 A method which is not far from Ibn Hism in His "Shudther Adthahab. 7 DR. ﻉABD EL-ﺡHAKEEM EL-ABD/ ARABIC FOR THE NON ARABIC SPEAKING STUDENTS, AXELS, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND MODEL LESSONS)(PLAN'S AXELS, FOUR ١٦ www.kotobarabia.com 16. First PART SHARQAWI NOTES(DEVELOPPED) Into consideration vowelsgeneral introduction the definite articlenumberCURRECULAHANDOUT&MODEL LESSONS, BIBLIOGRAPHY, and APPENDEX, CENTER FOR LANGUAGES & TRANLATION, THE ACADEMY OF ARTS, 1427 aH.- 2006 aC ١٧ www.kotobarabia.com 17. case ending gender diptotesaccusative relative sentence derivativesSHARQAWI NOTES (DEVELOPPED) Several good grammars of modern Arabic, are on the market. You can consult one or more of those books.As a teacher of Arabic for foreign students you might be asked to teach a certain book. It will not be difficult to do that. However the following are some notes on the phonology, script, and grammar of Arabic, (together with some included tables and appended lists, which you can rely upon and take in to consideration , teaching any of Arabic readers . 1.VOWELS: Notice that there are two sets of vowels in Arabic :Short vowels, and Long Vowels. There is a tendency among English reading students to obscure there vowels. Help them to overcome this problem by explaining that the Arabic long vowels are pronounced, perhaps more crisply, but certainly more clearly than the English vowels.Make it clear to your students that in the Arabic writing system, the short vowels are not actually written within the word, (once the learner gets the sense of the Arabic language). These vowels when fixed in writing, are indicated by signs and not by letters(---ُ ---َ ---ِ . In contrast to the short vowels) the long vowels are (.).ــﻭ ــﺎ ــﻰIn between signs which are mostly used within the daily use in the European languages and alike, are no longer used in the daily use ؛but reserved for some inventory application, in Qur'anic recitations and talented singing etc.8 (Arabic phase ٩-٧ 8 ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺭ ﺍﻷﻜﺭﺍﻨﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ: ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺘﻘﺎﺭﻨﻰ: ﺃﺩﺒﻰ ﻭﻓﻴﻠﻭﻟﻭﺠﻰ ﻭﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻰ، ﺹ of the book, p.7-9 MINASHI'RELUKRANI WATHAQAFAH ASSILAVIAH: JVJAMAT WATNAWUL TAQARUNI: ADABI WAFILOLOJI WATA'LIMI/ (FROM UKRANIAN POETRY AND THE SLAVIC CULTURE, IN THE LIGHT OF ARABIC & WESTERN CULTURES : TRANSLATIONS, CLASSIFICATIONS & MEANS (COMPARATIVE, LITERARY, PHILOLOGICAL, AND EDUCATIONAL APPROUCH, BILINGUAL TWO PHASES PRINTED BOOK(English phase of the book/ first tinted named: ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ ) ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﻭﻭﺴﺎﺌل( )ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺘﻘﺎﺭﻨﻰ ﺃﺩﺒﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻠﻭﻟﻭﺠﻰ ﻭ Slavic Culture In The Light Of Arabic & Western Cultures ( Translations, ٩-٧ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻰ(، ﺹ ١٨www.kotobarabia.com 18. In the Arabic writing system long vowels are represented by letters of the alphabet ؛and not by signs. Although their pronunciation is similar to that of the short vowels, the sound is prolonged (yet crisply as said), that is held longer. 11- General Introduction to Arabic writing system:The Arabic script is written from right to left, and contains no capital lettersThe Arabic Alphabet contains 28 letters, including Hamazah( :)ﺀa minute shape of the head of the letter ( ,)ﻉwhich could be introduced to your students, as any Arabic letter, according to its shape : ٩ Your students must understand clearly that several of the letters are the same in shape ؛but are differentiated one from another by dots written above or below the letter.حج خذHJKHTH This, together with the non written vowels, show that Arabic tends to be economical ؛though Alphabetically mature a shorthand written language you may say . This economic value show the actually 18 original shapes giving 28 letters: the same sounds of the complete alphabet.و ىﻩ د ر س ص ط ع ف ك ل م نجب ء ذ ز ش ض ظ غ قحتأخث Also the letters can be classified into :Connectors and non connectors.A connector is a letter which can be joined to the letters which precede or follow it . It has four different positions, hence forth four shapes.The four positions of letter are:1. The letter standing alone. Classifications & Means) (Comparative, Literary , Philological , And Educational Approach,p. 19, 20www.kotobarabia.com ﻭﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻟﻭﺠﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻰ/ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﻷﻜﺭﺍﻨﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ، ﻋﻠﻰ 9 Original Sharoawi lecture ١٩ www.kotobarabia.com 19. 2. The letter joined to a preceding letter. 3. The letter joined to a preceding letter and following . 4. The letter joined to a following letter only. They shape as such:finalmidial enitial Independent ـﺐ ـﺒـ ﺑـب ـﺖ ـﺘـ ﺗـت A non connector, or a letter which can be joined only to the preceding letters has two shapes:وا راﺑﺎ ﻧﺎ 111- The Definite Article:The most common way of making a noun definite is by prefixing the definite article ( al )ﺁلBut this ( )ﺍلis assimilated when ever a word begins with a consonant that is articulated with tip or from part of the tongue, we call this kind of letters ( sun letters) , the others or called ( the moon letters) : اﻟﺸﻤﺲاﻟﺜﻌﺒﺎن اﻟﻘﻤﺮاﻟﺒﻴﺖExplain to your students the assimilation process ( )ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﻏـﺎﻡwhich takes place with the sun letters.Let them know that the " "لis not pronounced but becomes identical with the following consonants. The "L" " " لis written without "suk¯un " and a "shaddah(ّ )is placed over the first letter of the word that is joined to .The shaddah indicates the assimilation, and duplication . IV-Number There are three numbers in Arabic; singular, Dual, and plural. The Dual is formed by dropping the case ending of its singular and adding the suffix ( ani ) which becomes ( ayni ) in the accusative and genitive . ٢٠ www.kotobarabia.com 20. ﺳﻤﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺮﺟﻠﻴﻦﺟﺎء اﻟﺮﺟﻼن رأﻳﺖ اﻟﺮﺟﻠﻴﻦ There are two types of plural : sound , ﺴﺎﻟﻡand broken ﺘﻜﺴﻴﺭ The masculine sound plural is found with some nouns and adjectives denoting male and human beings. It is formed by dropping the case endings of the singular and adding the suffix (una) ﻥ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻮن أآﺮﻣﺖ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦﻗﻤﺖ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ The feminine sound plural, which is found with many nouns including verbial nouns and passive participles is formed by adding "atun" to the singular after dropping the "ta arbutah" , if there is one . ﺘﻠﻤﻴﺫﻤﻌﻠﻡ ﻤﻌﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺘﻠﻤﻴﺫﺍﺕ V- Case EndingsThere are three cases in Arabic: Nominative, Genitive, Accusative. Each of these cases is represented by one of the short vowels(---ُ ---َ ---ِ) Once the object is single, the case ending "U" is added to the definite noun for the nominative case ( " ,ﺍﻟﺭﺠـل ) ﻀﻤﺔa" ( Fathah ) ﺍﻟﺭﺠـلfor the accusative, َُ and "I" ---ِ (kasrah) for the genitive case ( .)ﺍﻟﺭﺠل ِDual and plural: feminine or masculine(real and an real) they deem to color as they come in the coming tables . 10 VI-Gender Arabic has a masculine and feminine gender (no animanitive ) ؛yet an unreal feminine and a broken plural are given the same case ending of the single real feminine. The commonest indication of feminism in a noun or an objective is the ta marbutah ending the single female name (.) ﺍﻟﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻭﻁﺔ ﺓ )ﻤﺭﺃﺓ، ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔFor the single feminine name: the ending "un", "an", "in", resemble the three case endings, for both female and male(real or un real).For the dual: "aan", "ayn", "ayn" , resemble the three case endings, for both female and male(real or un real).For the sound feminine plural "'aatu, "aati", "aati" resemble the the case endings.10the editor ٢١www.kotobarabia.com 21. For the sound masculine plural "uun", "iin", iin" resemble the the caseendings. All, given there case endings, they color as follows:NAMETIPE Nominative رﻓﻊ Accusative ﻧﺼﺐ Genitive ﺟﺮ Madrasah (school), Single fim.---tin ---ة ٍ Mudarrisah ------tun ---ةٌ---Tan ---ةً(un real and real)(fim. Teacher)Madrasataan Dual fim.(un real) --aan --ان --ayn --ﻳﻦ--ayn --ﻳﻦ(two schools) Mudarrisataan Dual fim.( real) --ayn --ﻳﻦ--ayn --ﻳﻦ --aan --ان (two fim. Teachers)MudarrisatSound fem.plural ----aatun ---ات ٌ ----aatin ---ات ٍ----aatin ---اتٍ teachers() ُﺪ ﱢﺳﺎت ﻣرFor masculine and semi masculine noun or object the table becomeslike this: NominativeAccusative Genitive NAME TIPE رﻓﻊ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺟﺮ Single masculine. Bayt (hous) ---tun –تٌ--tan --ة ً--tin --ةٍ (un real eal)Mudarris mail (teacher)Single masculine (Real) --un –سٌ--an --ﺳﺎً --in --س ٍbaytaan Dual masculine (un real)--aan --ان--ayn --ﻳﻦ--ayn --ﻳﻦ Mudarrisaan (two teachers)--aan --ان--ayn --ﻳﻦ--ayn --ﻳﻦMudarrisuun (teachers) Sound masculine plural--uun --ون--iin --ﻳﻦ--iin --ﻳﻦ VII- DiptotesSome Arabic nouns and adjectives , called diptotes by Europiangrammarians, do not take ( tanwiin) and have only two case endings, when they ٢٢ www.kotobarabia.com 22. are indefinite ( " : )ﻨﻜـﺭﺓDammah" in the nominative and "fathah" in the genitive and accusative.− ﺍﻁﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ - ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ ﻤﺭﺭﺕ ﺒﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ- ﺇﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ - ﻫﺫﻩ ﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢWhen they are defined, whether by the definite article or by being put in construction ( ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔIdafah), they take the usual three case endings. VIII- Use of the AccusativeThe accusative is used for the object of transitive verbs. There are also accusatives of time and place.Manner , reason, and specification. (− )ﻅﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﺎﻥ- ﻅﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ – ﺍﻟﺤﺎل( )ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻭل ﻻﺠﻠﻪ – ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺯAnd they are in answers to questions asked : when, where, how, why, and in what respect. IX- Relative SentencesThere are two types of relative sentences in Arabic: indefinitive and definitive:An example of the first :−"I saw a house which Ahmed built". In Arabic this would be,−I saw a house Ahmed built it ".− In the case when "house" is definite, e.g.:−I saw the house that Ahmed built, The sentence in Arabic becomes":− I saw the house that Ahmed built it.− ﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ – ﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﺒﻴﺘﺎ ﺒﻨﺎﻩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩﹰ Note: that in a relative clause that has both verb and subject the former must precede the later. x-The Derived Forms of the Trilateral verbs The system of derived or increased forms is one, by which modifications to the first form of a verb are accompanied by modification in the meaning. Dictionaries and grammars attach conventional ( )ﻤﺘﻔﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪnumbers to these forms up to X but only number 11, VIII & X are in common use .The dictionary will indicate which forms are in use and their meaning. No verbs occur in all derived forms, and it is not permissible to invent forms, that٢٣ www.kotobarabia.com 23. do not already exist for a particular verb. The patterns of the derived forms of the trilateral verbs are :IIIIII IVVVIVII VIIIIX Xﻓ ِﻞ َﻌ َ ﻓ ّﻞﻌ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ أﻓﻌﻞ َﺗﻔ ﱠﻞ ﻌﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻧﻔﻌﻞ اﻓﺘﻌﻞ اﻓﻌﻞﱠاﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ٢٤ www.kotobarabia.com 24. SECOND PART Teaching MeansTermsPositional Phonemic Scriptural Approach English words derived from ArabicIn The Slavic Languages ٢٥ www.kotobarabia.com 25. 1-TermsAlphabetاﻷﺑﺠﺪﻳﺔAbsolute objectاﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮل اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻖAccusative case ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﺼﺐNominative caseﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺮﻓﻊGenitive case ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺠﺮAdjective ( اﻟﻨﻌﺖ ) اﻟﺼﻔﺔAdverb اﻟﻈﺮفCollective noun اﺳﻢ اﻟﺠﻤﻊComparative superlativeاﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞCompound nounsاﻷﺳﻤﺎء اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔConcord of verb and subjectﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺔ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﻋﻞConditional sentencesاﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺸﺮﻃﻴﺔConjunctionﺣﺮف اﻟﻌﻄﻒConstruct stateﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔPhrase اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔDefinite articleﺁل اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒDemonstratives أﺳﻤﺎء اﻹﺷﺎرةDiminutive اﻟﺘﺼﻐﻴﺮDiptotesاﻟﻤﻤﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺮفDual اﻟﻤﺜﻨﻲThe Emphatic اﻟﺘﻮآﻴﺪExecutive اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺜﻨﻲExclamation اﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐFeminineاﻟﻤﺆﻧﺚGender اﻟﺠﻨﺲInfinitive (verbal noun ) اﻟﻤﺼﺪرInterrogative اﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎمQuissiveاﻟﺠﺰمLa of the categorical negation ﻻ اﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺲ ٢٦ www.kotobarabia.com 26. MasculineاﻟﻤﺬآﺮNumber اﻟﻌﺪدCoordinal Numbers٣ ، ٢ ،١ اﻷﻋﺪاد اﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔOrdinal Numbersاﻷﻋﺪاد اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔVerbal sentence اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔPluralاﻟﺠﻤﻊBroken pluralﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﺘﻜﺴﻴﺮSound masculine pluralﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﻤﺬآﺮ اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢSound feminine pluralﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺳﺎﻟﻢNominal sentence اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻷﺳﻤﻴﺔPrepositional phraseﺷﺒﻪ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔConjugation اﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒPronouns اﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮThe radicalsﺣﺮوف اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔRelative pronounاﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮلVocativeاﻟﻤﻨﺎديVowels ﺣﺮوف اﻟﻌﻠﺔProper NounاﻟﻌﻠﻢObjectاﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮلRٌ elative sentence ﺻﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮلSubjectاﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞTo vocalize ﻳﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﻂVowel pointsﻋﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞIndeclinableﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺼﺮفParsing, Analyzing اﻹﻋﺮابDiptote ﻣﻤﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺮف ٢٧ www.kotobarabia.com 27. 11ﺍﻷﺒﺠﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ٢٨ www.kotobarabia.com 28. ٢٩ www.kotobarabia.com 29. 111-LIST OF ENCLISH WORDS DERIVED FROM11 ARABIC (Helps as a means to teach Arabic through student's own motherlanguage.) Amiir Al Bahr (Cheif of Transport ADMIRALFleet) or Amiir Al-Bahrأﺳﻮد اﻟﺒﺤﺮ(commander by sea) Al-Tuub ADOBEاﻟﻄﻮب ( Brick ) ALQAAlD, ALQAA'ID ALCAIDE,اﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ( the leader )(plant-yielding henna) AL-HINNAA' اﻟﺤﻨﺎء ALCANNA(medical And color plant - AL-KIMIYAA'آﻴﻤﻴﺎء ALCHIMY(CHEMISTRY)AL-KUHL, AL_ KAHOOL AL-COHOL, KOHL اﻟﻜﺤﻞ(eye liner) (BISMUTH)ITHMIID (Antimony)(اﻹﺛﻤﺪ)اﻷﻧﺘﻴﻤﻮن A ِ NTIMONYITHMILLD(stin) (Al-COVE AL-QUBBAH (dome) اﻟﻘﺒﺔ ALEMBICAL-ANBIIQ (experimental bottle) اﻷﻧﺒﻴﻖ ALGEBRA AL-JABR (restoration) of Organs or اﻟﺠﺒﺮ11 Reffer : Watt, : W. Montgomery/THE INFLUECE OF ISLAM ON MEDIEVALEUROPE ,EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY PRESS), 22 George Square, Edinburgh 1972. Especially 25-92.N.B: more words eventually are added. The reader still have the possibility to cover morediscoveries of such area.- ﻭﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻏﻭﺵ / ﻋﺸﺭﺓ ﺁﻻﻑ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺇﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺼل ﻋﺭﺒﻰ ، ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ٢٥٠٧٠ ﺍﻹﺴﻜﻨﺩﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺭﻗﻡ- ﻭﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺯﻨﻌﺭﻴﺩ ﻫﻭﻨﻜﺔ ، ﺸﻤﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺏ ﺘﺴﻁﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺏ " ﺃﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺏ ﻓﻰ ﺤﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺒﺎ " ، ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﻭﻕ ﻴﻌﻘﻭﺏ.ﻭﻜﻤﺎل ﺩﺴﻭﻗﻰ ، ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻵﻓﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ، ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ ١٨٩١ ، ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺠﺩﺍﻭﻟﺔ ﻟﻸﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ٣٠ www.kotobarabia.com 30. numbersAL-KHWAARIZII (proper Name) ALGORITHM اﻟﺨﻮارزﻣﻰAbuu Bakr Al-Khauwaarizmi ALKAIAL-QAALII (potash)اﻟﻘﺎﻟﻰ AL MAGEST AL-MAJISTI (Geography) bookاﻟﻤﺠﺼﻄﻰ AL-MUNAAKH (tale of the weather) اﻟ ُﻨﺎخ)اﻟ َﻨﺎخ ﻤ ﻤ AL-MANACHﻻ ﺗﻜﺎد ﻟﻐﺔ ﺗﺨﻠﻮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ(21ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻧﻔ ﱢﻞﻀ AMULETHAMAA'IL (things carried)ﺣﻤﺎﺋﻞ APRICOTAL0BARQUUQ (Fruit)ﺑﺮﻗﻮق ARRACK ARAQ (Sweat )ﻋﺮقARSENAL DAAR AL-SINNAA'AHدار اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔARTICHOKEAL-KHARSHUUF (Vegetable)اﻟﺨﺮﺷﻮف ATLAS (Cloth)ATLAS (Smooth)أﻃﻠﺲ AUBERGINEAL-BADINGAAN (vegetable)اﻟﺒﺎذﻧﺠﺎن AVERAGE 'AWWAR (loss) ﻋﻮار AZIMUTHAL-SUMMUUT (ways directions) اﻟﺼﻤﻮط AZOTH (Mercury) AL-ZAAWUUQاﻟﺰووق AZURELAAZAWARD OR AZRAQ (Blue)أزرق BABOONMAYMUUN (Lucky; Ape) (ﻣﻴﻤﻮن)ﻟﻠﻘﺮدBARQUNTINE, BRIGANTINE BAROQU EBARSHA, BAARJAH, (big ship)ﺑﺎرﺟﺔ(Egyptian) BORAXBURAAQ (fast transport)ﺑﺮاق CABAS (BASKET) QAFAS (cage) ﻗﻔﺺ CABLEHABL (rope)ﺣﺒﻞﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ : ﻤﻌﺠﻤﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤ ُﻨﺎﺥ ﺒﺎﻟﻀﻡ ﺒﺯﻋﻡ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻟﻡ ﻴﺄﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺒﺎﺒﻪ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻨﺎﺥ؛ ﻭﻤﻘﺘﻀﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻤ َﻨﺎﺥ ﺒﺎﻟﻔﺘﺢ. ﻭﻗﺩ ﺭﺃﻴﺕــ 12ﺘﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻭﻯ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻨﺤﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻑ؟ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩ/ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺍﺭﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔ، ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ)ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺜﻰ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻉ،ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻟﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ www.kotobarabia.com ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ، ﺹ ٧١، ﻭﺘﻨﻅﺭ٣١ www.kotobarabia.com 31. CADI QADII (judge)ﻗﺎﺿﻰ CALIBRE QALIB (model)ﻗﺎﻟﺐ CALIPHKHALIBHA ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ CAMEL JAMALﺟﻤﻞ CAMPHORKAFUURآﺎﻓﻮر CANDYQAND, QAWDLL, CANEJURCE ﻗﺎﻧﺪ CARAFEGHARRAFA (grave) ﻗﺮاﻓﺔ CARAT QIIRAAT (weigh or square measure)ﻗﻴﺮاط CARAT QIIRAAT (weigh or square measure) ﻣﻤﺮاط CARAWAY KARAWYA (plant or drink)آﺮاوﻳﺔ CAROBKHARRUUB(plant, drink) ﺧﺮوبKERMIES, QIRMIZ (Giving death) CARMINE, ﻗﺮﻣﺰQIRMIZ CAVE KAHFآﻬﻒ CHECK (chess,Arabic persian Shah:king.game)ﺷﺎﻩ CHECKMATE SAAH MAAT (king is dead) ﺷﺎﻩ CHEQUE SAKK, (written agreement) ﺻﻚ CHIFFONSHIFF ( fine cloth) ﺷﻴﻒ CIDSAYYID (master) ﺳﻴﺪ CIVET ZABAD (foam)زﺑﺪ COFFEE QAHWAH (drink)ﻗﻬﻮة COFFIE QAFIAH (train of camels)ﻗﺎﻓﻠﺔ COTTON QUTNﻗﻄﻦ CUPOLA QUBBAH (dome)ﻗﺒﺔ CYPHER SIFR(zeroo) (empty in Arabic .. ﺻﻔﺮ DATE DAQAL (inferior date) دﻗﻞ (wander, unclear attitudes DILEMMA ﻇﻠﻤﺎء "DHALMAA" (darkness) DHOWDAWAA' (medicine) (دراوة)دواء ٣٢ www.kotobarabia.com 32. DIVANDIIWAAN (office)دﻳﻮان DRAGOMAN TARJUMAAN (interpreter) ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺎن DRUGDUURAWAA(medicine) (دراوة)دواء DURRA DURRA (pile of money) درة GALANT) ﺧﻠ َﺔِ ْﻌ CAZ QAZ (worm silk)ﻗﺰ CAELEGHAZAL (love poetry) ﻏ َلَﺰ GHAZALPine mi GAZETTEKANZ (Treasure) آﻨﺰ COVER KAFIR (unbeliever or infidel) آﺎﻓﺮ GUEBREJARA (deviant.) ﺟﺎر GIBRILTAR JABAL TAARIQ (mount of Tariq)ﺟﺒﻞ ﻃﺎرق GINGERZANJABIILﺟﻨﺰﺑﻴﻞ GIRAFFEZURAAFزراﻓﺔ GUIITAR QIITAAR (music instrument) ﻗﻴﺸﺎر GYPSUMJIBSﺟﺒﺲ HAKEEM HAKIIM (Doctor) ﺣﻜﻴﻢ HAKIMHAKIIM (Doctor) HEOKA HUQQA (water pipe)ﺣﻘﻪ HAWDAH HAWDAJهﻮدج HUSBANDARHASAAD (HARVEST) (farm)ﺣﺼﺪ(man as reerer for the woman HUSBANDﺣﺎﺻﺪ ALHASAAD FARM HARVEST) IRADE (sultan's decree) IRAADAH (will)إرادة JARJARRAH ﺟﺮة JASMINEYASMIIN ﻳﺎﺳﻤﻴﻦ JERBOAYAREUU' (animal)ﺟﺮﻳﻊ JUMP(JACHET, BODICE) JUBBAHﺟﺒﺔ JUPE KALIUM (potassium) QALI ﻗﺎﻟﻰ٣٣ www.kotobarabia.com 33. KAWASS bervant, courier) KAVASS, ﻗﻔﺺQAWWAAS LUTE(music instrument) AL'UUD اﻟﻌﻮد MAGAZINE MAKHAAZIN (stores) of knowledge ﻣﺨﺎزن MANCUS(coin) MANQUUSHﻣﻨﻘﻮش MARABOU(Stort) MURAABIT(soldier ready to strive)ﻣﺮاﺑﻂ MARABOUT(holy man)(Made of morocco leather MAROQUIN ﻣﺮاآﺶ MURAKISH (Morocco) MASK. MASQUEE,MASKHARAH (MOCKERY) ﻣﺴﺨﺮة MASQUERADEMAAT (died) MAT ﻣﺎت MATE (in chess) (sword-dancer in fancy dress MATACHIN ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻬﻴﻦ(MUTAWAJJIHIIN (assuming Nask) MATTRESS (Where some thing is thrown) ﻣﻄﺮوح MATRAH MINARETMANAARAH ﻣﻨﺎرة MOHAIR MUKHAYYARAH MOHAIRMUKHAYYAR (givenﻣﺨﻴﺮ MOHAIR(fabric)MUKHAYYAR (given) MONSOON MAWSIM (Season) ﻣﻮﺳﻢ MUMMY MUMYA' (kept dead t body)ﻣﻮﻣﻴﺎء MUSCAT, MUSCADINE,(prowence)= MASQAT:(place of) ﻣﺴﻘﻂ MUSCATTEL MUSKِﺴﻚ ﻣ NABOB NNA'IB (depute) ﻧﺎﺋﺐ(mother of pearl) = NAQQARA NACRE ﻧﻘﺎرة(kettledrum) (murse instrument) NAKEﻧﻘﺎرة NAQQARAH (beeter or drum)٣٤ www.kotobarabia.com 34. NORIA (Water wheel) NA'UURAHﻧﺎﻋﻮرة ORANAGENARANGGﻧﺎرﻧﺞ POPINJAY BAHB BAGHA (parrot) ﺑﺒﻐﺎء RACE (kind)RA'S (head) رأس RACKET, ROCKETRAHA (palm of hand)رﺣﺎ (Red arsenic)= RAHJ GAHAR) (dust AREALGAR رهﺞ اﻟﻐﺎر of the cave) REAM RIZMA رزﻣﺔ REBEC (music instrument) RABAB رﺑﺎب RICE RUZZ(رز)ُرز أ RISKRIZQ (Su'stenace)رزق ROB (fruit juice with honey) HRUBBﺧﺮوب ROCRUKH(bird) رخ ROOK RUKH(cheess) رخ SACCHARIBE(sugar) sukkar ﺳﻜﺮ SACRE, SAKER Saker (falcon) SAQR ﺻﻘﺮ SAFARIS'AFA (travel) ﺳﻔﺮ SAFFRONZA'FARAAN (plant) زﻋﻔﺮان SALEP, SALOP(orchid) THA'LAB (fox) (flour) ﺛﻌﻠﺐ SAMBOOKSANBUUQ (small boat) ﺳﻨﺒﻮق SAPHIRE SAFIIR (west ling)ﺻﻔﻴﺮ SARACEN (eastern)SHARQIYﺷﺮﻗﻰ (SIROCCO) east SHARQ ﺷﺮق SHERBET SHARABA (T) (drink) ﺷﺮﺑﺎت SHRUB (a cordial)SHURB (drink) ﺷﺮب SOFA SUFFAH (long soft seat) ﺻﻔﺔ SYRUP SHARAB (drink)ﺷﺮاب TALKTALQ (free and refreshed)ﻃﻠﻖ TALISMANTALSAM ﻃﻠﺴﻢ٣٥www.kotobarabia.com 35. TARETARHAN (thrown away cloth) ﻃﺮﺣﺔ TARIFF TARIIF (notificable)ﻃﺮﻳﻒ TASS, TASLE(tass) TASA ﻃﺎﺳﺔ TAQOURTAQIYA (under cap) ﻃﺎﻗﻴﺔ TROUBADOURTARRAB (singer)ﻃﺮاب TUTTYTUUTIYA' (zink oxide) ﺗﻮﺗﻴﺎ ZERO (Italian: zefro) SIFR (empty) ﺻﻔﺮ ZIRCON AZRAQ (blue)أزرق TILPLA (BULTYYAH (kind of fesh)ﺑﻠﻄﻴﺔ CANDLEQANDIILﻗﻨﺪﻳﻞ٣٦ www.kotobarabia.com 36. 1 vIN THE SLAVIC LANGUAGES− Medieval Arabic vocabulary− Earlier Semtic /Hametic-vocabularyThe medieval is clear enough, just as it is in every European language, pertaining mostly to the Arab Islamic civilization, out of which Arabic numerals and decimal mathematics are still in use every where ؛not forgetting, of course, many sciences like Aljebra Algorithm, and thousands of words pertaining to them and to other scientific Arab contribution in the middle ages, that which motivated many fair writings confessing, or appreciating that wonderful contribution of the Arabs and their religious and civil enlightenment.(13)From that which flooded Slavec languages, as well as any other European language 14 :5- From that which flooded Slavec languages as well as any other European language :-MarA3ИH = shop = Makhzan in Arabicﻤﺨﺯﻥ-цykop;Uk.CaxAp = suger= sukkat in Arabic ﺴﻜﺭ-XAΛBA = type of sweets = Halwa in Arabicﺤﻠﻭﻯ-XAΛat = dressing gown = khila’h ‘aba’ah – in Arabicﺨﻠﻌﺔ-AΛbMaHax (2)ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺥ- шapф ﺇﻴﺸﺎﺭﺏ (1) Authorized, in our handout " On Literary Arabic, Notes & Means ….. " . ١٧ -١٠ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩ/ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺘﻴﻥ: ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ، ﺍﻟﻭﺠﻪ ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻯ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ، ﺹ 14 ( ٢) Phonetical sings are lifted above the respected letter .Proposal. by the author. ٣٧ www.kotobarabia.com 37. MacΛo = butterﻤﺴﻠﻰ-Kapta = mapﺨﺎﺭﻁﺔ-шaxMatы = chess ﺸﻴﺦ ﻤﺎﺕ-Чaў1 = teaﺸﺎﻯ ﻜﻌﺒﻴﺔ .ﺝ.ﻜﻌﺒﻴﺎﺕ = ﻋﻤﻠﺔ ﺃﻤﻭﻴﺔ koпeЙkaﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ- ДИBAH = long couch chairﺩﻴﻭﺍﻥ-A٨koro٨b = Alkohal = spiritﺍﻟﻜﺤﻭل-ΠyДpa = pouder ﺒﻭﺩﺭﺓ-6aДapak = Arabic Bidrah (ﺒﺩﺭﺓ ) ﺠﺎﺌﺯﺓ-ﻫﺩﻴﺔ-AΛma3 = almazﺍﻟﻤﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺠﺒﺭ :ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺠﺎﺒﺭ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ -Aлгe6pa = Algebra ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ-цИΦp = Uk. цyiΦpy = mathimatics ﺼﻔﺭ-Ma3b = ointment ﻤﺱ-Πepō = pen( ﻤﺒﺭﻯ )ﻗﻠﻡ-pyЧka = penﺭﻴﺸﺔ ٣٨ www.kotobarabia.com 38. 3AΛ = sal = saloonﺼﺎﻟﺔ -6akaΛEЯ = Uk.6aka٨iЙHИЙ = grocer’s shop ﺒﻘﺎﻟﺔ- 6Ak٨aЖaH ﺒﺎﺫﻨﺠﺎﻥ-pa3 = measure ﺭﺍﺯ , ﻴﺭﻭﺯ: ﻗﺎﺱ : ﻴﻘﻴﺱ-шTopa = pl.шTopИﺴﺘﺎﺭﺓ ﺝ,ﺴﺘﺎﺌﺭ-6aΛakatИ ﺒﻼﻏﺔ- 6aΛák // aTИ ﺤﺩﻴﺙ ) ﻗﺭﻴﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ)1( (-kalakatИ = to chatﻜﻼﻡ-٨aИka Uk.= rude words ,or sarcastic, bad ﻟﻬﺠﺔ language6- Probable earlier provisions from Cemetic,Hametic,or alike languages. This is : observed, in many other words,as inЧИTaTb ﻴﻘﺭﺃ : ) ﻴﻘﺭﺃ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻗﺩ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﺭﺍﻤﻴﺔ ﻜﻤـﺎ ﺫﻜـﺭ ﺒﺭﺠﺴﺘﺭﺍﺴﺭ)٢(. ﻭﺍﻹﺤﺴﺎﺱ ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺘﺸﺘﻴﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻭﻑ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻘﺎﺒل ﺘﻘﻴﻴﺩﺃﻭﺍﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻗﺩ ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ ﻫـﻭ ﺍﻟﺤـﺱﺍﻟﺴﺎﻤﻰ ﺍﻷﺼﻴل ﻤﺤﻔﻭﻅﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟـﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟـﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ (.)١ ( ÝЧИЙﻭﺜﻤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ : ﻜﻠﻤﻨﺠﻲ )٢( ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻭﻱ ﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ / G.Bergstrasserﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻟﻘﺎﻫﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ٩٢٩١ﻡ – ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﻭﺼﺤﺤﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺩ. ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﺏ ٢٠٤١ﻫـ – ٢٨٩١ﻡ ، ﻨﺸﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﺠﻲ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ ، ﺤﻭﺍﻟﻲ ﺼـ ٠١٢ ، ١١٢. ٩٣www.kotobarabia.com 39. - пИcatb = write.HaпИC in theﻨﺒﺵ – ﻨﻘﺵ Ukranian language (means = nabasha = or naqasha in Arabic )- пycTИHЯ = desret- ﺼﺤﺭﺍﺀ- CпάTb = Uk. CпaЛИ = sleeping - ﺴﺒﺎﺕДopoГa = Uk. ДpŌГa = road - ﻁﺭﻴﻕ , ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ 3ФИP = air ﺯﻓﻴـﺭ... oxBatИTb=to be ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻴﺨﺒﺕ, ﻴﺨﺒﺊ enclosed,overlapped,to drow into an envelop,to comprihend;or to be enclosed ,overlapped,to drow info an envelop ,to comprihend;or to take in-TeП٨o.Uk = meaning wormﺍﻟﺘﺒل ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺏ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ-Tиxo = listenﺼﻴﺨﻭﺍ ﺃﺼﻴﺨﻭﺍ- ГpИBa = meaning horse backﻏﺎﺭﺏ= )ﻭﻫﻭ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻫـل ﻭﺃﻋﻠـﻲ ﻜـل( It is garib,with regard to gorabah of (ﺸﻲﺀ hair on the top of the horse back in arabic .far from the Slavic word ( BoPoH) which means raven.- ApaxoHak = bill , recieptﺍﻷﺭﺥ , ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ- ДИUxAHHЯ = smoke ﺩﺨﺎﻥ- OTДblxAЮ = relax = defered ﺩﺍﺥ somhow from =( dakh in Arabic , which means got dizzy )- KaИДa٨bl = Uk. KaИДaHИ =( ﻗﻴﺩﺍﻥ )ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴﺔ mankles- BAΛa = defect , short + comingﺒﻼﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺒﻠﻭﻯ Ba٨ИTИ = Injure , harm٤٠www.kotobarabia.com 40. HИ6a.- ﺴﻤﺎﺀ ) ﺭﺒﻤﺎ ﺘﺼل ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭ= ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺩ : ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻭﺀﺓ ، ﻜﻀﺭﺏ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻻﻨﺤـﺭﺍﻑ ( Synecdoche ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻭﻱ-пoHeДe٨bHИk - ﺍﻻﺜﻨﻴﻥ)ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ ( ﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻭل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺴﻤﻲ ﺃﻭ -пOHeДĺ٨OK ; Uk. = Mondayﺍﻟﻁﻘﺴﻰ ﺃﺴﻭﺓ ﺒﻠﻔﻅ ﺍﻟﺩﻟﻭﻙ " ﺃﻗﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻟﺩﻟﻭﻙ(١٧ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺱ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻏﺴﻕ ﺍﻟﻠﻴل" ) ٨٧ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺀ - ΠOkA = good by- ﺒﻘﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻤﺒﺔ-TAM = there - ﺜﻤﻪ ، ﺜﻤﺔ- 3ИMИHHИЙﺨﺎﻟﺩ ﺯﻤﻨﻰ- ΓoΛoB // a ﻗﻠﺏ ﺍﻭ ﻫﺎﻟﺔ : ﺍﻟﺭﺃﺱ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻭﻱ coincident : ﺃﻨﻅﺭ ﻤﺒﺤﺙ7- Coincidental or less probable: Some of what we have given or those what we give here may be classified as mere coincidence, from the theoretic point of view. Take here for example:- ДoMoΓaTb = UK. ДOMOΓaTИЯ( ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻁﻊ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭ )ﻏﺎﻴﺔ- ИДHTe CЮДa = come here.may be the Arbic (odno) ﺍﺩﻥ- (- )ﻭ "ﺴﻴﺩﺍ"ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺴﺎ)ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻤﻴﺔ( ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ: ﻁﻭﻟﻴﺎ ﹰ - 6yДy! futuric = may pertain to Arabic (Bada) or the verb badà, yabdù = seemd,ﻴﺒﺩﻭ to seem,or apeer- XΛpAшo = good ﺨﻴﺭ، ﺃﻭ ﺨﻴﺭ ﺸﻰﺀ- 3oBTPak٨o=breakfast.(пo3aBTﺍﻹﻓﻁﺎﺭ – ﺃﻓﻁﺭ ﻴﻔﻁﺭ – ﺃﻓﻁﺭ paka٨- 3aBTAK٨yo- no3BtpakЮ ٤١www.kotobarabia.com 41. - гoΛBH // ИЙ ﺭﺌﻴﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻰ )ﻏﺎﻟﺏ ()ﻗﺩ ﻴﺘﻭﻫﻡ ﻗﺭﺍﺒﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻅ : ﻭﻟﻜـﻥﺭﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻟﻔﻅ г oΛoB؛ ﺃﻯ ﺍﻟﺭﺃﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻘل: ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻡ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺭﻨﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﻁﻕ ﺍﻷﻜﺭﺍﻨﻰ ﺍﻵﺨﺭ ﻟـг ، ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺸﻤﺎﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﻬﺎﺀ ) ، ( Ґﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻗﺩ ﻴﺭﺩ ﹰ ﹰﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻟﻔﻅ ﻫﺎﻟﺔ ﻜﻤﺠﺎﺯ ﻟﻐﻭﻯ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺃﺱ.ﻭﺜﻤﺔ ﻭﺠﻪ ﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺒﻌﻴﺩ ﺃﺨﺭ ﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻘـﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻅﻲ ﻭﺍﻹﺸﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﺯﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻨﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻭﻅ ﻜﻠﻪ - гoΛoB // a : ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﻘﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻔﻅ ) ( гoΛoBﺍﻷﻜﺭﺍﻨﻰ . ﻫﺫﺍ ﺒﻠﻔﻅ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ; ﻭﻻ ﺴﻴﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘل ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺃﻜﻴﺩﺓ . ﻋﻨﺩﺌﺫ ﻴﻨﻅـﺭ ﻓـﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﺃﺱ ΓoΛoBa + ΓoΛoBkaﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ ﻭﻨﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ ﺇﻟﻰﻤﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻷﻜﺭﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻭﺴﻴﺔﻭﻤﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ.:8- Different Arabic sounding Slavic wordsﺨﻁﺄ، ﻏﻠﻁﺔ، ﻨﻘﺹ XИ6//a= error , mistake,flow, defect ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ "ﺨﻴﺒﺔ" ﺘﺭﺸﺢ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﻴﻀﺎXИ6aHИЙﻏﺎﻟﻁ، ﻤﺨﻁﺊ 6- KeЙФ / KeЙФOBàTb Heco ﻜﻴﻑ ، ﺘﻜﻴﻑ - O6Λakaﺃﺒﻠﻕ ، ﺍﺴﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﺴﺤﺎﺏ ﺴﺤﺏ , ﺴﺤﺎﺏ ﺴﺤﺎﺒﺔ , ﺴﺤﺎﺌﺏ O6Λako ) ﺍﺍﻟـ oﺘﻨﻁﻕ ﺃ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﻭﺴﻴﺔ ﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ – ﺨﺎﺼﺔ٢٤ www.kotobarabia.com 42. ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ( . ﻫﺫﺍ ﻤﻊ ﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻜﻔﻬﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺘـﺴﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﺘﺤﻭﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺁﺨﺭﻯO6ΛaЧHыЙﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻏﺎﺌﻡ) ١( O6ΛaЧHocTb ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﻡ ، ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺏ : 9-Probable Slavic Influence on Coloqual or Generetic Arabic ﺭﺼﻴﻑ ) ﻤﺼﻁﺒﺔ: ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻴﺠﻠﺱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ . - MocToBaЯЖﺝ . ﻤﺼﺎﻁﺏ + ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻁﺏ: ﺴﻨﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺩﺍﺩ – ﺝ .ﻤﺼﺎﻁﺏ )ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ(.- MOCTOBOЦﻗﻨﻁﺭﺓ ، ﺠﺴﺭ ، ﺠﺎﺌﺯ)1( - MOCTOCTPOEHЦe)2( - COCTABИΛ , MOCT ﻭﻓﻰ ﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﺠﺴﺭ ) ﻗﺭﻴﺒﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺼﻁﺒﺔ ( ﺯﻋل, ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻟﺩﺓ, ﺯﻋﻼ: ﻨﺸﻁ. ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺽ ﺃﻭﺍﻟﺠﻭﻉ ﺘﻀﻭﺭ ﻭﺘﻠﻭﻯ, ﻓﻬﻭ ﺯﻋل, ﻭﻫﻰ ﺯﻋﻠﺔ - 3٨O : evil ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻰﺀ: ﺘﺄﻟﻡ ﻭﻏﻀﺏ. ﺃﺯﻋﻠـﻪ: ﻨـﺸﻁﻪ.ﻭﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻪ: ﺃﺯﻋﺠﻪ. ﺘﺯ ل: ﻨﺸﻁ… )ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﻋﺍﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ (.- MAPKA = markﻋﻼﻤﺔ ﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ , ) ﺃﻭ ﻏﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ()1( / .P.A.C ﺒﻭﺭﻴﺴﻭﻑ ، ﻁـ٢ ، ٧٢٥ ، ٨٢٥)١ (ﻗﺎﻤﻭﺱ ﺭﻭﺴﻲ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ ٠٠٢٤ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ، ﺘﺄﻟﻴﻑ ﻕ.ﻡ . ﻤﻭﺯﻴﺴﻭﻑ ، ﻤﺭﺍﺠﻌﺔ ﻑ.ﻡ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻨﺸﺭ ، ﺴﻭﻓﻴﺘﺴﻜﺎﻴﺎ ، ﻤﻭﺴﻜﻭ ٧٦٩١ ﻡ .)٢ ( .7591 , OKOΛO 33000 CΛOB , MOCKBA ٣٤ www.kotobarabia.com 43. ).- ПOMиДOP ( UKﺒﻨﺩﻭﺭﺓ – )ﻋﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ(-- шTO , UK, Шo ﺸﻭ ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﻤﺎﺫﺍ )ﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ (- MAPMYP , UK ﻤﺭﻤﺭ- гpaHиt = Granit ﺠﺭﻨﻴﺕ - kpec٨O = chairﻜﺭﺴﻲ ، ﻭﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻨﺎﻨﻴﺔﺒﻬﻁ )ﻋﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻁﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻼﺴﻴﺔ ﺒﻬﻁ ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺒﻬـﻅ، ﻟﻤﺎ ﻴﺸﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺒﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻤﺎل. ﻭﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠـﻡ- 6aгato , UK. = much ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭ: ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻁ )ﻤﻌﺭﺏ ﺒﻬﺕ( ﻀﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﻌـﺎﻡ, ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻷﺭﺯ ﻴﻁﺒﺦ ﺒﺎﻟﻠﺒﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﻥ )ﺍﻟـﺭﺒﻁ ﺒـﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺭﻡ ﻟﻠﻁﻌﺎﻡ ﻤﻤﻜﻥ( )ﺤﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ(. - xpe6et UK . the lower part of theﺨﺭﺒﺔ: )ﻋﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ( spine- ПaΛbTO ﺒﺎﻟﻁﻭ- CAHTИXHK, UK (3) , Arabicﺴﻨﻜﺭﻯ )(Sankari= ) - 6aΛmÝT( 36a٨aMÝTИTИﺒﻠﻤﻭﻁﻰ ) ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌل( disturb- ACФaΛbT ﺃﺴﻔﻠﺕ - 6aΛb3āM ﺒﻠﺴﻡ - OCΛOжHeHueﺘﻌﻘﻴﺩ )ﻋﺼﻠﺠﺔ( ﻋﺼﻠﺞ ﺍﻟﺸﻰﺀ : ﺘﻌﺴﺭ ﻭﺍﺸﺘﺩ )3( )not from ( пpoBlдHиk) of the construct BoдO= ( Vadaﺒﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ= ٤٤www.kotobarabia.com 44. )ﻤﺤﺩﺜﺔ(ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻠﺞ : ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻠﺏ : ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺠﺎل ﻋﺼﻠﺏ ﺍﻟﺭﺠل: ﻜﺎﻥ ﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺏ ﻭﻤﻥ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺼل : ﻤﻌﺎﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺩﺩ – ﺍﻻﻋﻭﺠﺎﺝ -ﺍﻟﻴﺒﻭﺴﺔ٥١ ﺍﻟﺼﻭﻟﺠﺎﻥ – ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻰ – ﺍﻹﺒﻁﺎﺀ61 ﻭﻤﻘﺎﺭﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ ﺝ٢ ﺹ ٦٠٥ 51 61ﺩﻴﻭﺍﻨﻨﺎ / ﻫﺠﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺏ , ﻫـ.ﺹ ٦٦ ٥٤ www.kotobarabia.com 45. BIBLIOGRAPHY / G.Bergstrasser.ﺒﺭﺠﺴﺘﺭﺍﺴﺭ، ﺝ – / ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻟﻘﺎﻫﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤـﺼﺭﻴﺔ ٩٢٩١ﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻭﻱ ﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ• ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﻭﺼﺤﺤﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺩ. ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺘـﻭﺍﺏ ٢٠٤١ﻫــ – ٢٨٩١ﻡ ، ﻨـﺸﺭ.ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻨﺠﻲ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ/ ﺯﻨﻐﺭﻴﺩ ﻫﻭﻨﻜﺔ • ﺸﻤﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺏ ﺘﺴﻁﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺏ " ﺃﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺏ ﻓﻰ ﺤﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺒﺎ " ، ﺘﺭﺠﻤـﺔ ﻓـﺎﺭﻭﻕ ﻴﻌﻘﻭﺏ ﻭﻜﻤﺎل ﺩﺴﻭﻗﻰ ، ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻵﻓﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ، ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ ١٨٩١ ، ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺠﺩﺍﻭﻟﺔ ﻟﻸﺴـﻤﺎﺀ. ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ /ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻏﻭﺵ • ﻋﺸﺭﺓ ﺁﻻﻑ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺇﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺼل ﻋﺭﺒﻰ ، ﺏ ، ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﺠﺎﻤﻌـﺔ٢٥٠٧٠ ﺍﻹﺴﻜﻨﺩﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺭﻗﻡ/(.ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩ)ﺩ − ARABIC FOR THE NON ARABIC SPEAKING STUDENTS, AXELS, - BIBLIOGRAPHY AND MODEL LESSONS)(PLAN'S AXELS, FOUR CURRECULAHANDOUT&MODEL LESSONS, BIBLIOGRAPHY, and APPENDEX,CENTERFOR LANGUAGES & TRANLATION, THE ACADEMY OF ARTS, 1427 aH.- 2006 aC − ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺭ ﺍﻷﻜﺭﺍﻨﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ: ﺘﺭﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺘﻨـﺎﻭل ﺘﻘـﺎﺭﻨﻰ: ﺃﺩﺒـﻰ ﻭﻓﻴﻠﻭﻟـﻭﺠﻰ MINASHI'RELUKRANI WATHAQAFAH ASSILAVIAH: /ﻭﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻰ JVJAMAT WATNAWUL TAQARUNI: ADABI WAFILOLOJI WATA'LIMI/ (FROM UKRANIAN POETRY AND THE SLAVIC CULTURE, IN THE LIGHT OF ARABIC & WESTERN CULTURES : TRANSLATIONS, CLASSIFICATIONS & MEANS(COMPARATIVE, LITERARY,PHILOLOGICAL, AND EDUCATIONAL APPROUCH, BILINGUAL TWO PHASESPRINTED BOOK(English phase of the book/ first tinted named: (− ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ ) ﺘﺭﺠﻤـﺎﺕ ﻭﺘـﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﻭﻭﺴـﺎﺌل Slavic Culture In The ٩-٧)ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺘﻘﺎﺭﻨﻰ ﺃﺩﺒـﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻠﻭﻟـﻭﺠﻰ ﻭ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤـﻰ(، ﺹ Light Of Arabic & Western Cultures (Translations, Classifications ٤٦ www.kotobarabia.com 46. & Means) (Comparative, Literary , Philological , And Educational Approach, − ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺍﺭﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔ، ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ )ﺍﻟﻔﻌـل ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺜـﻰ ﺒـﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴـﺎﺱ .ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻉ(،ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻟﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔwww.kotobarabia.com − ﻫﺠﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺏ، ﻗﺼﺎﺌﺩ ﺍﻟﻐﺯل ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻀﺏ، ٠٠٠٢ﻡ، ﻭ/(.ﻋﻔﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻗﺎﻭﻯ)ﺩ− On Literary Arabic: Phonology, Script, And Grammar, coursetaught, seconding program, ministry of education, the AmericanUniversity, Cairo, 1976./ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻤﺤﻴﻰ ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻴﺩ − ﺸﺭﺡ ﺸﺫﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺏ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺏ، ﺘﺄﻟﻴﻑ ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺠﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻨﺒﻥ Watt ) (ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ، ﺍﺒﻥ ﻫﺸﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤـﺼﺭﻯ )ﺕ١٦٧ﻫــ ,W. Montgomery/ THE INFLUECE OF ISLAM ON MEDIEVAL EUROPE, (EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY PRESS) ,22 George Square, Edinburgh 1972. ٤٧www.kotobarabia.com 47. ﺍﻟﻤﻌـﺎﺠـﻡ / . /P.A.Cﺒﻭﺭﻴﺴﻭﻑ/ ﻗﺎﻤﻭﺱ ﺭﻭﺴﻲ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ ٠٠٢٤ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ، ﺘﺄﻟﻴﻑ ﻕ.ﻡ . ﻤﻭﺯﻴﺴﻭﻑ، •ﻤﺭﺍﺠﻌﺔ ﻑ.ﻡ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻨﺸﺭ ، ﺴﻭﻓﻴﺘﺴﻜﺎﻴﺎ ، ﻤﻭﺴﻜﻭ ٧٦٩١ ﻡ . / /OKOΛOﺃﻭﻜﻭﻟﻭ/ 7591 , - 33000 CΛOB , MOCKBA•• ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ ﺝ٢ • ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻹﻟﻴﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻴﺔ )ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩ(.www.kotobarabia.com ٨٤ www.kotobarabia.com 48. (ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺎ: ﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺩﺭﻭﺱ )ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊEnjoyable Learning of ArabicModel Lessons for Reegular attendence , Electronic Site, or a Magazine Part 1 :Marathon of Alphabets Someday Arabic Alphabetic letters met together , on one single page of paper . 28 syllables . Phonemes, you may call them; or letters, assembled from right to left : ﺃ ﺏ ﺕ ﺙ ﺝ ﺡ - ﺥ ﺩ ﺫ ﺭ ﺯ - ﺱ ﺵ ﺹ ﺽ - ﻁ ﻅ ﻉ ﻍ - ﻑ ﻕ ﻙ ل - ﻡ ﻥ ﻫـ ﻭ ﻯ The letter Alif { } ﺃfrom amongst them all comes Parading him self : Some times fixing his Hamza on its top , as a crown { ; } ﺃprobably inherited from a Pharaoh origin 17; sometimes bareheaded { , } ﺍas a modest individual .Probably he didn't mean to claim himself the best of them all .The letter Ba { } ﺏhowever seamed to deny that , saying : no letter is better than any letter , no letter is less . - Yet I am who come first , when we are being exhibited to learners , from right to left .- Even though, said { ,} ﺏand added : don't forget that you may come later in order , when you abandon your Hamza ; by then she comes first : -− ﺀﺏﺕﺙﺝﺡ- ﺥﺩﺫﺭﺯ- ﺱﺵﺹﺽ- ﻁﻅﻉﻍ- ﻑﻕ ﻙل.ﻡ ﻥ ﻫـ ﻭ )ﺍ( ﻯHamza { }ﺀand the rest of the dotted letters :− ﺏ–ﺕ–ﺙ– ﺝ–ﺥ–ﺫ–ﺵ–ﺽ–ﻅ–ﻍ–ﻑ–ﻕ- ﻥprobably maid an un necessary drama , when they wanted to express there vigilance over the dialog . They hailed Ba { }ﺏso much : chanted and danced ؛17- El-Abd. A. Hakim / 2000 ﺍﻷﺒﺠﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ : ﺘﺤﺼﻴل ﻭﺘﺠﺭﻴﺩ....................................................................ﻭﺯﺘﻭﺜﻴﻕ ٤٩www.kotobarabia.com 49. forgetting to give some care to the feelings of others ; specially Alif { } ﺃwhom they called : the pretender letter .Alif in fact over reacted saying : I 'll prove it to you . Is here any one who can compete me running? . all were amazed for a while ؛till Ya { }ﻯcame to challenge Alif , saying : I who am going to challenge you in an un preceded marathon .aH { } حwas chosen judge . Once the marathon started , all hailed {}ي running faster on her two underneath two dots as two wheels , pitying Alif { أ },who hardly running on his single foot , and finding difficulty in maintaining his Hamza on the top of him . In fact Alif was the only named masculine amongst them in the Arabic Alphabet ؛but never discriminated them from him self because of this natural reason . perhaps he also didn't forget that he and Hamza , which is said to be feminine , are mostly two in one ; also any of them both and the others , is not written as an independent letter all the time . He or she must come connected to an other in a sentence , in both normal writing , and computed calligraphy . There are several applied and aesthetic (calligraphic) models of Arabic right to left writings , try to read the following examples once ; but write each of them twice , on your own :ﺃ(- ﺍﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﺴﻤﻙ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺭﺒﻰ ﻤﻥ ﻓﻀﻠﻙ1st Octob esmak bel'arabi. (Write your name in Arabic, please(-)ﺠﻭﻥ – ﺃﺤﻤﺩ – ﻤﺎﺭﻯ – ﻤﺭﻴﻡﺏ( ﺍﻜﺘﺏ ﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺃﺨﺭﻯWrite five more names also............ ................ (Alkhattul'arabi) ﺕ( ﺍﻟﺨﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻰArabic Calligraphy(Contemplate and try …. ) 'ﻻ ﻓﻀﻞ ﻟﻌﺮﺑﻰ ﻋ َﻰ' ﻋﺠﻤﻰ إﻻ ِﺎﻟﺘﻘ َى َ ْ َ ِ َ َ ِ ﱟ َ ﻠ َ َ ِ ﱟ ِ ﱠ ﺑ ﱠ ْﻮﹶ ﻓﻀﻞ ﻟﻌﺮﺑﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺠﻤﻰ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯﻻﻻ ﻓﻀﻞ ﻟﻌﺮﺑﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺠﻤﻰ إﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﻮى٥٠www.kotobarabia.com 50. Part 2: multiplicity and unity)Arabic Alphabetic letters furthermore met to discuss how to cooperate writing words and sentences from write to left . d (aThe letter D , )ﺽto whom Arabic language is related sometimes , was begged to take the lead . Well ( )ﺽsaid . let's see how can we cooperate to write important words , like : father , mother , brother , son , daughter ,etc . Once I mention the name, or give the signal; each concerned letter should come forward to stand attentively in line with the others to form the concerned word .- She mentioned : father- Alif in full uniform , with Ba , formed ab ﺃﺏ- She mentioned motherom ﺃﻡ- sister (okht)ﺃﺨﺕ- brother (akh)ﺃﺥ- Family (ilaha') ﻋﺎﺌﻠﺔWonderful , said the leader ( . ) ﺽLet's pronoun ourselves ,- for example : I (ana)ﺃﻨﺎ- '''''''''''': you (single) (anta)ﺃﻨﺕ- '''''''''''':you (dual….) (antoma) ﺃﻨﺘﻤﺎ-…………………..' : you , masculine plural (antom) ﺃﻨﺘﻡ- ……………………..: you , feminine plural (antonna) ﺃﻨﺘﻥ-……………………. We (nunah) ﻨﺤﻥ - Now we can demonstrate ourselves, as human beings do , said some of them . the boss said : why not ?! :- There was jumping and talk everywhere : . - ﺃﻨﺎ ﺠﻭﻥ – ﺃﻨﺕ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ – ﺃﻨﺕ ﻓﺎﻁﻤﺔ. - ﺃﻨﺎ ﻋﺎﺩل– ﻫﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ – ﻫﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺕ – ﻫﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩWe are multiple in one ….…… - ﻨﺤﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﻭﻥ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ Working independently and as connectors - ﻨﻌﻤل ﻤﻨﻔﺭﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﺸﺒﻜﻴﻥ ﻤﺘﺼﻠﻴﻥ٥١ www.kotobarabia.com 51. To write separately or un connected isn't the common use nowadays ; The common is to write connectively , as in column 1 & 4 herewith : * downward all the Arabic letters are available, paralleled with Possible European and old Egyptian Alphabets (Hieroglyph , in the common use / column 3 , 6) . Notice the similarities, enjoy knowledge, practice reading , writing , and contemplate on Arabic once more :6/٦5/٥ 4/٤3/٣ 2/٢ 2/١ as in a)h(d ظ – ﻇــ - ــﻆ A-aأ – ﺳﺎ - ﺳﺄ - ء as in (ayn)' ع – ﻋــ - ــﻊ B-b ب – ﺑــ - ــﺐhayn)(g as in غ – ﻏــ - ــﻎT-tت – ﺗـ - ــﺖ(Thought)Fa ف – ﻓــ - ــﻒas inث – ﺛـ - ــﺚ as in( f)aqق – ﻗــ - ــﻖJ-jج – ﺟـ - ـﺞK–k ك – آــ - ــﻚ(-h)Hح – ﺣـ - ـﺤﺎ - ـﺢL–l ل – ﻟــ - ــﻞ (Kh)خ – ﺧـ - ﺧﺎ - ـﺦ M–mم – ﻣــ - ــﻢD-dد – ـﺪ -ــﺪ N-n ن – ﻧــ - ــﻦAs inذ – ذ - ــﺬ (That) As in( he) هـ - هــ - ــﻪ R-r ر – ر - ــﺮ W-w و – و - ــﻮ S-sس ﺳـ - ــﺲY-y ى – ﻳــ - ــﻲAs in shutش – ــﺸـ - ــﺶ - 'ﻰ ﺍﺌﻊ – ﻓﺭﻋﻭﻥ – ﻴﺭ - ﺫ'ﻟﻙ – ﻟ ِﻴﺫ - ِﺫ ِﻙ ﻋ ِِﺭ ﺒ ﹶﻟ ﹶﺫ ﹾ ِ ﹶ- ﺹ - ـﺼــ – ﻭﺭ – ﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﺭ – ﻴ - ﺍﻓﺔ – ﺃﺯﺭﻕ - ﺃﺭﺯ ﺯ ﹾ ﺯ ﺯ ُ ﹾ َ ﺭ ﹶ ﹾ ........... ــﺹ – ﻭﻉ - ﺸﻤﺱ – ﻋﺵ - ﻴﻤ ِﻰ - ﺼﺩﺭ ﻴﺴﺭﻉ – ﻴ ﺸ ﹼ ْ ﹶ ﺴ ِ – ﻭﺵ ﻴﺼﺩ - ﻟﺹ - ﻀﺩ – ﻴﻀﺭﺏ - ﻴﻤ ِﻰ - ﻁﺭ ﺒ ﹾ ﹶﻀ ِ ِ ْ ِ ْْ – 'ﻤﻁﺭ – ﻴﻤﻁﺭ – ﻅل - ﻅل – ﻴﻅل – ﻟﻔﻅ - ﻋ ﹶﻰ ﻠ ﹶ ّ ﹶﹾ ﹾ ﹶ ﱠ ِِّْْ ﹶ........ - ﺽ - ﻀــ٥٢ www.kotobarabia.com 52. – – ﻏ ِﻁ ﻏ ﹶﻁﺎ - ﻏ ِﻴﻅ – ﻴﻐﻠﻁ ﻴﻌﹸﻭ – ﻴﻌ ِﻰ - ﻁﻠ ﹾ ﹶ ﹸ ﹶﻠ ﹾ ﹶﻠ ﹶ ﹶﻠﹶ ﹶﻊﻠ ﻠ ــﺽ - ﻠﻎ - ﻓﻠﻔل – ﻴﻠﻑ - ﻗل - ﻗل– ﻴ ﹸﻭل – ﻓﻠﻕ - ﻓﻠﻕ ﻘ ْ ﹶ ﹶ ﹶ ﹶ ﹶ ﹾ ْ ﹸ ﹼ ﹶ ﱠ ﹸ ْ ﹸ ﹾ ﹸ َِْ ﺒﹶ ﹶ – ﻭ – ﻴ ِﻴل - ﻴﻤل- ﹸﻭﻥ ﹶﺎل – ﻴ ِﻴل – ﻟﻙ - ﻟﻪ – ﻴﻠ ﱡ ﻨ ْ ﻤ ﹾﻬ ﹶ ﻜ ُ ﹶ َ ﻜ - ﻟﺩ ﻯ' - ﻟﻪ - ﻭﻟﺩ – ﺒ ﻯ' - ﻴﻅﻥ - ﻫﻭ – ﻫ ﻴﻨ ِﻭ ﹶ ﹶُﹶ ﻭ ﹸ ْ ﹾﺩ............. ﻁ – ﻁــ - ــﻁ - ﻭ – ﺒﻴﺕ – ﻴﺄ ِﻰ ﻴﺭ ْﺘ ﹾ ﺠ * Herewith a bundle of wordsrepresenting all Arabic letters . You find them given from theremorphological signs ; write themmanually once , and enjoy there variant calligraphic fonts on any computer :ﺎ - ﺎﺕ – ﻴ ِﻴﺕ – ﺃﺏ - ﺄ ﺃ ﹶﺎ – ﺴﺄﻟﺕ - ﻟ ﺤ َ ﺒ ﹸ َ ﹾ ﹸ ﹶﺠ َ ﺒ ﹶ َﻨﻠﺦ - ﺩﻟﻭ – ﻭﻡ – ﹶﺎﺡ – ﹶﺎ ل – ﻓﺨﻡ ل- ﻴ ﹾ ﺴ ﹶ ﹶ ﺨ ْ ﹶ ﹾ ﻟ ﺤ ْ - ﻭ ﻟﺩ ﻟ – – ﻭﺩ ﹶ ﻭ ﹶﺩ َ ٥٣www.kotobarabia.com 53. 18Part 3 : On Pharaoh tale 180n olden times , and ever since , Truth and Lie , both , were just two brothers ; but quite different from each other . Lie was a liar, and Truth was truthful ; that is why The people of Egypt loved Truth and neglected Lie most of the time . They say it in there own hibon . They ,hibo kadon wa-lkadidqo sidqtongue nowadays like this : Al-s together with many Arab scribes , created several rich styles of writing : Naskh .' ﻨﺴْﺦah, Ruq ﺔ , ﺭﻗAndalusi , ﺃﻨﺩﻟ ِﻰand ﹶ ﹾﻌ ﹸﺴ َ ﹾ Kufi … ﹶﻭ ِﻰetc . ﻜ ﻓﺩﻕ ِﺩﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺫﺏ ﻜﺫﺏ ﺍﻟ ِ ﹶ ِ ﹸ ﺼ ﹲ ْﹶ ﹶ ﺼ ﻛﺬﺏ ﺻ ﻕ ﻟْﻜﺬ ﺼٌ ِ ﺪﻕ ِﺪ ٌ ﻭﺍﹶ ﹶ ِﺏ ﹶ ﺍﻟﺼ ْ ُ ﺻ ق ﻟْﻜﺬ ُ آﺬبٌ ِ َ اﻟ ﱢﺪق ِﺪ ٌ وا َ َ ِب ْ They also added to "hakuuranhuuban ; fakun dha kunta kadId ﺇ ﹶﺍ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻜ ﹸﻭﺒﺎ ؛ ﻓﻜﻥ ﺫ ﹸﻭﺭﺍ ﹶﻜ ﹰ ﹶ ﹸ ِﺫ ﹸ ﹾ ﹶ ﹶﺫ . ﹰ ؛ ﹶﻜﻦ ﹶ ﹸﻮﺭﺍ ﹶ ﹸﻭ ِ ﹶﺍ ﻛﻨ ﺫ ﻛ ﺖ ﻛ ﺬ ﺑ ﺎ ﻓ ﹸ ﺇ ﺫ ﹸ ِ َا آﻨ َ َ ُو َ ً ؛ َﻜﻦ َ ُﻮراإذ ُ ْﺖ آﺬ ﺑﺎ ﻓ ُ ْ ذآMeaning : If you were a big liar ; you would be of a very strong memory . For the daily writings they don't write much vowels , because there mother tongue now (Arabic / Al-rabiyyaha ـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒis rich enough of consonant . Only ِﻴ ﹾ when scholars or art creators speak or write ; they , at most , use only three short word ending signs (Parsing Signs ﺍﺏ ﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻋ ﻼ ) to addible there speech ﻋ ﻤ ﹸ ِ ْﺭ - ammahd (….ُ ) as in boqq ـﻕ , which means mouth ﺒ ﹼ 19oqq; h ـﻕ , which means small box or a tiny vessel . ﺤ ﹼ 18- Partially on" ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻭﺭ ، ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺯﺤﺎﻡ ، ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻤﻰ ﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﻔل ، ١٠٠٢ﻡ ٥٤www.kotobarabia.com 54. - ahfath (….َ ) as in yadd ﻴــَﺩ udr= hand ; s ﺭـﺩ n= chest ,ﺼ bat ﻁـْﻥ = abdomen , and ra's = ﺭﺃْﺱhead . ﺒ - kasrah. ..ַ.. , as in rijl ـل = ﺭﺠleg .ِ Here those few grammatical signs suffice ; as a few of salt suffices food ; or asthey say : alahwu fi lkalam kalmilhI fitta'aam ﺎﻡ ﺍﻟ ﱠﺤﻭ ِﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻼﻡ ﹶﺎﻟﻤﻠﺢ ِﻰ ﺍﻟﻁ ﱠﻌ ﻓ ﻜ ﻜ ﹾ ِﹾ ِ ﻓ ﻨﺎﻡ ﺤﻮ ِﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻼﻡ ﹶﺎﻟ ِ ﹾﻠ ِ ِﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﺍﻟ ﻓ ﻜ ﻛ ﹾﻤ ﺢ ﻓ ﻄﻌ ﻨاﻟ ﱠﺤﻮ ِﻰ اﻟ َﻼم َﺎﻟ ِﻠ ِ ِﻰ اﻟ ﱠ َﺎمْ ﻄﻌآ ْﻤ ْ ﺢ ﻓ ﻜ ﻨ ُْﻓOther in between vowels, as in : ( lake , professaure ur'anic readings andetc.) are kept for further inventory performances , as in Q refined singing . One of there interesting folklore overture in the art of Al-mawwal , is begone sung hand palm to face check and the theme of (Yaaena Lael Ya ' ﺎ ﻋﻴﻥ ﺎ ﻟﻴل )ﻴﻴ . here The Laam ( )لand the the 'aen ( )ﻉare voweled with some thing in between Fathah and Kasrah , resimbling (ae) in our translitiration .: Sukuun ﺴ ﹸﻭﻥﻜ Colluqual Arabic or other dialectical performances omit parsing and parsing signs ; here , those together with some carful learned intelligincia , relay allmost on Sukuun , ﺍﻟﺴ ﹸﻭﻥwhich means un movable word end . You yourself ﻜ , as newly user of Arabic , can benefit of this wonderful rule of Arabic grammar: Sakkin Taslam . ﺴﻜﻥ ﺘﺴﹶﻡ ﱢ ْ ﹶ ْﻠ 19 Live now in common Arabic , specially in Egypt ; but the major Arabic Lexicon now " jamAl-mo' ral-kabi" vol . ΙΙ , helps to originate it through the root , ﺒﻘﻕrelated to the speech or talking . + -ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔour method of recognizing the colloquial word of classical Arabic origin / our paper " . ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺍﺭﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔ ، ﻗﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ، ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ، ﺃﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻭﻥ ٥٥www.kotobarabia.com 55. ﺴﻜﻥ ﺘﺴﻠﻡ ﹶ ﹶ ﱢMind now to do the following :• Fix names to human body drawn above .• handwrite two of Arabic proverbs given there with , using yourpreferred style of calligraphy .• with my best regards.proff.A.H. Elabd . ٥٦www.kotobarabia.com 56. Part 4: parsing signsIn terms of writing , Arabic is economic ; and in terms of literature , it's concise, . L. Massignoon and others described Arabic as an economic language . He even called Arabic writing as shorthand writing 20 .Arabic morphology multiplies many word derivatives from a single root. as follows :− kitabah ﺔ : ِﺘﺎwriting , gives us : ﻜ ﺒ− katib ( ﹶﺎ ِﺏwriter) ﻜﺘ− bmaktu ( ﻤﻜ ﹸﻭﺏwritten) ﹾﺘ− Maktab ( ﻤﻜ ﹶﺏwriting table or office) ﹾﺘ Same as in any trilateral verb like the preceding katab ; ﻜﺘtake ara'aalso:ﹶ ﹶﺏ q ﺃ ﻗiraa'ah(read , past) . Get the infinitive q ﺓ ﺍ ِـand the derivatives : qruu' ,َ ﹶﺭﻗ ﺭﺀ etc .aari' , maq1 23 45 10InfinitiveInfinitive Derivativ Derivative Derivativ Derivative DerivativeEng. ee Arabic Past t.to read /readingﺓ ِﺭﺍ ﻗ ﺀ ﹶﺎ ِﺉﻗﺭ ﻭﺀ ﻤﻘ ﹾﺭ ﻤﻘﺭَﺓ ﺃ ﹾ ﺃ ﻗَ ﹶﺭto look /looking ﻨ ﹶﺭﹶﻅ ﹶﺎ ِﺭﻨﻅ ﻤﻨ ﹸﺭ ﹾﻅ ﺓ ﻤﻨﻅ ﹾ ﹶﺭﻨ ﹶﺭ ﹶﻅ To eat/ﺃﻜﹾلَ ﺁ ِل ﻜ ﻤﺄ ﹸﻭل ْﻜ ﻤﺄﻜ ﹶﺔ ْ ﹶﻠ ﺃﻜلَ َﹶ to play/ ﻟ ِﺏﹶﻌ ﻻ ِﺏﹶﻋ ﻭﺏ ﻤﻠ ﹾﻌ ﺏ ﻤﻠ ﹾﻌ ِﻟﹶﻌﺏ to openﻓﺘﹾﺢﹶ ﻓ ِﺢ ﹶﺘﻤﻔ ﹸﻭﺡ ﹾﺘ ﻤﻔ ﹶﺢ ﹾﺘ ﻓﺘﹶ ﹶﺢto sit ﺠ ﹸﻭﺱﺘ ﺎ ِﺱﺠﻟﻠﻭﺱﻤﺠ ﻤﺠ ِﺱﻠ ﻠ ﺠ ﹶﺱ20El-abd,A.Hakim/ Al-juhood Al-balaghiyyah..1976 , foot note references .p. 28 - El-abd,A.Hakim/ On Literary Arabic : Notes & Means, 1978 , 2000 , p. 2 - El-abd,A.Hakim/ in comparison to a Slavic language : Slavic Culture In The Light of Arabic and Western Cultures , 1999- 2000, the English phase of the book p. 20 + the Arabic phase , p. 8,9 ٥٧www.kotobarabia.com 57. (ﻪ)ﻋﻠﻴ ﹶio feedﻡﻁﻌ ﹸﹶﺎ ِﻡ ﻁﻋﻭﻡ ﻤﻁ ﹾﻌ ﻡ ﻤﻁ ﹾﻌﻡ ؛ ﻁ ِﻡ ﻁﹶﻌ ﹶﻌ to stand/ﻭ ﹸﻭﻑ ﻗ ﻭ ِﻑ ﻗﻤﻭ ﹸﻭﻑ ﻗ ﻤﻭ ِﻑﻗ ﻗ ﻑ ﻭﹶ ﹶ to walk/ ﻤﺸﹾﻰ ﺎ ِﻰ ﻤﺸﻤﻤﺸﻰ ِ 'ﻤﻤ ﹶﻰ ﺸ 'ﻤ ﹶﻰﺸ to understandﻡﻓﻬ ﹶﹶﺎ ِﻡ ﻓﻫﻭﻡ ﻤﻔ ﹾﻬﻓ ِﻡﹶﻬ to guard/ِﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺤ ﺎ ِﺱﺤﺭﻭﺱ ﻤﺤﺭ ﺤﺭ ﺱ yo fall ﻭ ﹸﻭﻉ ﻗﻭ ِﻊﻗﻤﻭ ِﻊ ﻗ ﻭ ﹶﻊﻗto beet ﺏﻀﺭﺎ ِﺏﻀﺭﻭﺏ ﻤﻀﺭ ﻤﻀ ِﺏﺭ ﻀﺭﺏ to dismiss ﺩﻁﺭ ﹶﹶﺎ ِﺩ ﻁﺭﻭﺩ ﻤﻁ ﹾﺭ ﻁ ﹶﺭﺩto hearﻊﺴﻤ ﺎ ِﻊ ﺴﻤ ﻭﻉ ﻤﺴﻤ ﺴ ِﻊﻤto cookﺦﻁﺒ ﹶﹶﺎ ِﺦ ﻁﺒﻭﺥ ﻤﻁ ﹾﺒﺦ ﻁ ﹶﺒ ﹶetc etcetc .……. .… ….Shaddah ( ّ ) in most cases represents two letters . (sokoon ( ْ ) at the end of the word ,suffices from all the three short vowels (….ُ ….َ ….ַ...) . Your role next is : 1) form some sentences , combining pronouns from part ( 2) , tosuitable derivatives from this part ( 4) . 2) give an account of the Arabic vocabulary you acquired , andcompare it to the 1278 words , first year learner supposed to gain ,according to an Arab educational statistical study referred to below21 3) fix the exact morphological and parsing signs to the over all wordsand expressions re exhibited here again :١ ﺍﻟﺭﺼﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻭﻯ ، ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ ، ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ، ﺘﻭﻨﺱ ٨٠٤١ ﻫـ - ٧٨٩١ ﻡ ، ﺹ 21 – ١١ ﺯ ٥٨www.kotobarabia.com 58. ﻻ ﻓﻀﻞ ﻟﻌﺮﺑﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺠﻤﻰ إﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﻮى َﻧﺎ – ﺳ َﻟﺖ - ﻟﺠﺄ - ﺑﺎت – ﺄ أ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﹶﺎﻟﹾﻤﻠﹾﺢ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻛ . Prof. A.H. Elabd ٩٥ www.kotobarabia.com 59. Part 5 : Back to our tale Lie , growing greedy , jealous and evil dower , thought to harm Truth badly , but by the hands of others . He didn't see to kill the truth or get rid of him completely , because he didn't find it useful to him , knowing that Lie , him self , can't survive if there has been no truth at all in Egypt .Once Truth borrowed a kitchen knife from Lie , Lie managed to get it back secretly without telling Truth , claiming at the same time that Truth Wasted his knife and charged his so called right at the High Court of the Nine Judges of Egypt . The Smart Beautiful Boy , son of The beautiful Truth and The Lady The ox Show , the court spokesman , offered that Lie can accept a similar kitchen knife , but Lie refused claiming that his uftknife has no similar , got a blade from Ayel mounts , and a handle from Q trees .Hearing this , Truth wept with tears , knowing that since he admitted the charge , the High Court of The Nine Gudges of Egypt shall deem him to the conditions of the claimer , which were as Lie decided :1-That Truth would be blind2-That Truth would serve guard Lie's house . Later on Lie couldn't bear seeing Truth by his door , and ordered his slaves to through Truth to the evil Lion of the forest , together with his several lioness friends , to eat him altogether .What happened, the tale says : that the slaves admired Truth's beauty , left him at a far distant place and went back to Lie lying . The Tale nowadays is alive every where . you may call it 'The Tale of Good and Bad' (ﺍﻟـﺸﺭ ) ﺤ ﹶﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺭinstead of the Tale of Truth and Lie ( ـﺔ ﺤ ﹶﺎ ﹸ ﹾ ﹶ ْ ِ ﻭ ﱠ ِﻜ ِﻜ ﻴ ﹸ ﺍﻟﻜﺫﺏ . )ﺍﻟﺼﺩﻕ ْ ِْ ِ ﻭ ﹾ ﹶ Once more , Truth was admired in Egypt and married to a lady named The Lady of The Decent Heart , who gave birth to a smart kid from him .Telling the up grown smart boy about Lie and his past doing to the good father , the smart boy planed to take revenge . Went to a shepherd who pastures Lie's oxen , left a good looking ox with him to pasture with , knowing that the greedy Lie will take it for food , apart from any of his own many oxen . of The Decent Heart , Went ahead to The Court of The Nine Judges , insisted , in front of Show The Spokesman of Justice , that his ox was different , and he can't accept a substitute , because the ox was not his , but his father's property . His father the alive Truth . Lie Gave auth the life of Amoon , means of almighty Allah that he truly can't bring the eaten ox back to life , and ٦٠ www.kotobarabia.com 60. Truth him self doesn't exist , other wise he him self Lie would be rendered blind and serve guard to Truth . Show the court's spokesman confirmed the judgment , from when Lie is rendered blinded and servant to the truth every where .• Now ; let's practice true Arabic writing ofsome of our tale'svocabulary and signs:A - Truth : , ﺼﺩْﻕLie : , ﻜ ِﺏLady : ﺓ , ﺴﻴOx : , ﺜﻭْﺭBeautiful : ﺠ ِﻴل ِﹶﺫﺩ ﹶ ﻤAnd from former pages :B– / ﺃ ، ﺏ ، ﺕ ، ﺙ ، ﺝ ، ﺡ / ﺥ ، ﺩ ، ﺫ ، ﺭ، ﺯ / ﺱ ، ﺵ ، ﺹ ، ﺽ/ ﻁ ، ﻅ ، ﻉ ، ﻍ ﹸ ﹸ ُ . ﻑ ، ﻕ ، ﻙ ، ل / ﻡ ، ﻥ ، ﻫـ ، ﻭ ، ﻯ ..................................................................... / ، ﺡ ، ﺏ ، ﺕ ، ﺙ ﹶ ﹶ ﺝ......................................................................... / ﺃ ﺏ ، ﺕ ، ﺙ ، ﺝ ، ﺡِ ِ ِ ِ ِC – give names and verbs to the objects and acts drawn here : ﻕ ﺼﻐﻴﺭ – ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺘﺒﺭﺯ ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺴﻜﻴﻥ ﻤﻁﺒﺦ ﻭﻤﻼﺤﺔ – ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﺒﺔ ﺃﻭﺤ ﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺠل - ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺜﻭﺭ – ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺃﺏ ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﻭﺃﺥ ﻭﺴﻴﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻡ - ﺼـﻭﺭﺓ ، ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﺒ ﻋﺭﺒﻰ ﻭﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺃﺠﻨﺒﻰ )ﻋﺠﻤﻰ( ﻓﻰ ﻭﻀﺢ ﺃﻟﻔﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ - ﺸﺨﺹ ﻴﻌﻤل – ﺤﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻬﺠـﺎﺀ ﻜﺄﻨﻬـﺎ ﺃﺸﺨﺎﺹ ﻴﻌﻤﻠﻭﻥ ﻤﺸﺒﻜﻴﻥ – ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻡ – ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻤﻜﺘﺏ – ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺨﻁﺎﺏ . ﺃﻭ ﺸﻰﺀ ﻤﻜﺘﻭﺏ – ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻻﻋﺏ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻠﻌﺏProf. A.H. Elabd . ٦١www.kotobarabia.com 61. ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ / ﺍﻟﻭﺴﺎﺌلBIBLLOGRAPHYText books, Tables , Cassettes , andReferences ٦٢ www.kotobarabia.com 62. ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ / ﺍﻟﻭﺴﺎﺌل BIBLLOGRAPHYText books, Tables , Cassettes , and References ﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺘﻨﻅﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻟﻑ − ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﺠﺎﻨﺏ: ﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭ ﻭﺒﺒﻠﻭﺠﺭﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﻭﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺠﻴﺔ ٧٢٤١ﻫـ - ٦٠٠٢ﻡ− ARABIC FOR THE NON ARABIC SPEAKING STUDENTS)AXELS, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND MODEL LESSONS − ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺍﺭﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔ ، ﻗﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ، ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺠﻤـﺔ ،ﺃﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻭﻥ . − 0002ﺍﻷﺒﺠﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ : ﺘﺤﺼﻴل ﻭﺘﺠﺭﻴﺩ ﻭﺯﺘﻭﺜﻴﻕ− ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺎﺕ، ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ ﺒﺂﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻹﺴﻜﻨﺩﺭﻴﺔ، ٦٧٩١ﻡ0002 , 8791 ,− On Literary Arabic : Notes & Means − ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ، ٩٩٩١) ﺘـﺭﺠﻤـﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﻭﻭﺴﺎﺌل ( )ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺃﺩﺒﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻠﻭﻟﻭﺠﻲ( ٠٢٤١ –١٢٤١ه ٩٩٩١- ٠٠٠٢ﻡ - ٠٠٠٢ﻡ--9991 , − Slavic Culture In The Light of Arabic and Western Cultures2000, the English phase- of the book p. 20 + the Arabic phase ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ/ ﻜﺘﺏ ﻤﺩﺭﺴﻴﺔ- ﻟﻭﺤـﺎﺕ- ﺸـﺭﺍﺌﻁ- ﻭﻤﺭﺍﺠـﻊﺃﺨﺭﻯ:)(Text books, Tables , Cassettes , and References ﺘﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻨﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻗﻭﺍﺌﻡ ﺒﺒﻠﻭﺠﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺴﺨﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻟﻐﺘﻴﻥ ﺘﺠﻤﻌﻬﻤﺎ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺘﺎﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻤـﺸﺎﺭ؛ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻭﺍﺓ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﻰ: ٢٢ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ - ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩ )ﺩ.( / ON LITERARY ARABIC : NOTES AND MEANS22 - ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻘـﺎﻓﺘﻴـﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒـﻴـﺔ : ) ﺘـﺭﺠﻤـﺎﺕ ﻭﻤـﻼﺤﻅـﺎﺕ ﻭﻭﺴـﺎﺌــل ()ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺃﺩﺒﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻠﻭﻟﻭﺠﻲ( ٠٢٤١ –١٢٤١ه - ٩٩٩١- ٠٠٠٢ﻡ ٣٦www.kotobarabia.com 63. .١٩٩٩ – ١٩٩٨ ﺍﻗﺭﺃ ﻭﺍﻜﺘﺏ , ﺍﻟﺼﻑ ﺍﻷﻭل ﺍﻻﺒﺘﺩﺍﺌﻲ , ﺝ . ﻡ . ﻉ (١ .١٩٩٩– ١٩٩٨ ,, ,,,, ﺍﻟﻌﺏ ﻭﺍﺤﺴﺏ (٢ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ : ﺃﺼﻭﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺤﺭﻭﻓﻬﺎ .. ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻙ ﺴﻌﻭﺩ , ﻋﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺸﺌﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ , ﻁ٣ , ٠٩٩١ﻡ (٣ : ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻓﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻭﻉ ﻟﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ , ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺘﺩﺌﻴﻥ , ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟـﺏ , ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺸـﺭ(٤ ﻋﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺸﺌﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ , ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻙ ﺴﻌﻭﺩ , ٨٨٩١ﻡ . ﻨﻔﺴﺭ – ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻡ (٥ 6) Arabic for you , sulyman , 2nd ed .1997, book & cassette , ٢)اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻠﻚ , ط١٩٩٧ ١٩٨٩ , ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼﻕ ﺍﻷﺴﻤﺭ ﻭﻋﺠﺎﺌﺏ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ , ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﻺﺴﺘﻌﻼﻤﺎﺕ , ﻤـﺼﺭ (٧ ( Arabic listing course ) ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﻩ , ﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﻤﺘﻜﺎﻤل ﻓﻰ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﻬﺎ – ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻭل , ﺠﺎﻤﻌـﺔ (٨ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻙ ﺴﻌﻭﺩ , ﻋﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺸﺌﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺍﺯﻯ (٩ Arabic / Ukrainian – Ukrainian / Arabic Parallel Grammar ; Prof. . A. Haiku & UlgaFidotova(tables) ٠١( ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ , ﺃ.ﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩSlavic Cultural in the light of Arabic and western cultural, Prof. .Dr.A.Hakim (1999-2000). 11) Yalla Ndardish Bi–larabi / let’s chat in arabic ,a practical introduction to spoken Arabic of Cairo ,1998 Ahmad Hassanein(1)& Mona Kamel(2).ﻟﻭﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺭﻭﻏﻠﻴﻔﻴﺔ ، ﺩﺍﺭ ﺇﻴﺯﻴﺱ ﻟﻠﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ ، ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ(١٢ Hieroglyphic table of letters; post card, Egypt٣١( ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩ On literary Arabic , Notes & Means − Phonology, script, and Grammar. − Phonemic scriptural Arabic Alphabet. − List of English words Drafted from Arabic. − List of Arabic/Semitic vocabulary flooding Ukrainian and Russianlanguage. ٦٤www.kotobarabia.com 64. ﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺍﻷﺠﻨﺒﻲ ١( ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻲ ﻓﻰ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﻬﺎ ، ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ ، ﺘﻭﻨﺱ ، ﺠـ١ ٩١٤١ / ٨٨٩١ – ﺠـ٢ ، ﻁـ٢ ، ٣١٤١ / ٢٩٩١ – ﺠـ٣ / ﻁـ١ / ٣١٤١ / ٣٩٩١ . ٢( ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﻬﺎ - ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻲ ، ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﻤﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ، ﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﻤﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺭﻤﺔ – ﺍﻗﺭﺃ ﺠـ٢ . ﻁـ ﺸﺭﻜﺔ ﺒﻲ ﻟﺘﺩ ، ﻤﻭﺴﻜﻭ ، ٣٩٩١ ﻡ. ٣( ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺸﺌﻴﻥ – ﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﻤﺘﻜﺎﻤل ﻟﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ، ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟـﺴﻌﻭﺩﻴﺔ ، ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﻴﺔ ، ﺘﺄﻟﻴﻑ ﻑ. ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل – ﻨﺎﺼﻑ ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻲ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻴﺯ – ﻤﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻫﺭ ﺤﺴﻴﻥ . ﺠــ١ ، ٢ ، ٣ ، ٤ ، ٥ / ﻁــ١ / ٣١٤١ / ٣٨٩١ – ﺠـ٦ / ﻁ / ٣١٤ / ٣٨٩١ . ٤( ﺘﺴﺭﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ ﻭﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ، ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺃﻨﺱ ﺍﻟﺭﻓﺎﻋﻲ – ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋـﺩﻨﺎﻥ ﺴـﺎﻟﻡ – ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭ ، ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ، ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ – ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺼﺭﺓ ، ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ ﻟﺒﻨـﺎﻥ ، ﻁــ١ / ٧١٤١ / ٦٩٩١ ﻡ . ٥( ﻜﻴﻑ ﺘﺘﻌﻠﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻲ – ﻨﺴﺦ – ﺭﻗﻌﺔ – ﺜﻠﺙ – ﻓﺎﺭﺴﻲ / ﻤﻬﺩﻱ ﺍﻟـﺴﻴﺩ ﻤﺤﻤـﻭﺩ ، ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺃﺒﻥ ﺴﻴﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﺩﻴﺭ – ٩٧ ﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻓﺭﻴﺩ ، ﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﺯﻫﺔ ، ﻤﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ، ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ، ٧٨٩١ﻡ . ٦( ﻤﻌﺠﻡ "ﺘﺼﺭﻴﻑ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ / ﺤﺴﻥ ﺒﻴﻭﻤﻲ ﺨﻠﻴل ﻜﻠﻔﺕ – ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ ، ﺩﺍﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺭﻴﺔ ، ﻁـ١ ، ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ، ٩٨٩١ ، ١ ﺸﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺭﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺜﻭﻟﻴﻙ – ﺍﻟﻅﺎﻫﺭ ، ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ (. ٧( ﻗﺎﻤﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﻤـﺼﺭﻴﺔ An Arabic – English Di+ctionary of the colloquial Arabic of Egypt, can tinning the varia cular idoms and expressions slang phrases, vocables, etc. used by the native.0891 ,Egyptians by Socrates Spire, Libraries du liban, bairut ٨( ﺍﺒﻥ ﻤﺭﺯﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ) ﺃﺒﻭ ﻤﻨﺼﻭﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺴﻬل ( ٠٣٣ﻫـ /ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻟﻔـﺎﻅ ، ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺭ – ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ،ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ﺤﺎﻤﺩ ﺼﺎﺩﻕ ﻗﻨﻴﺒﻲ ، ﺩﺍﺭ ﻨﺸﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺩﻯ ، ﻋﻤـﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ٢١٤١ / ١٩٩١ . ٩( ﺃﻗﺭﺃ ﻭﺃﻜﺘﺏ ، ﺍﻟﺼﻑ ﺍﻷﻭل ﺍﻻﺒﺘﺩﺍﺌﻲ . ﺝ . ﻡ . ﻉ . ٨٩٩١ ﻡ – ٩٩٩١ﻡ .٠١( ﺍﻟﻌﺏ ﻭﺃﺠﺏ ، ﺍﻟﺼﻑ ﺍﻷﻭل ﺍﻻﺒﺘﺩﺍﺌﻲ . ﺝ . ﻡ . ﻉ . ٨٩٩١ ﻡ – ٩٩٩١ﻡ . ١١( ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ : ﺃﺨﻭﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺤﺭﻭﻓﻬﺎ . ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻙ ﺴﻌﻭﺩ ، ﻋﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺸﺅﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ، ﻁـ ٣ ، ٠٩٩١ ﻡ ٥٦ www.kotobarabia.com 65. ٢١( ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻓﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻭﺡ ﻟﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ، ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺘﺩﺌﻴﻥ ، ﻜﺘـﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟـﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺸﺭ : ﻋﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺸﺅﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ، ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻙ ﺴﻌﻭﺩ ٨٨٩١ﻡ. ٣١( ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻓﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻭﺡ ﻟﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ، ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺘـﺩﺌﻴﻥ ، ﻜﺘـﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠـﻡ ، ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺸﺭ :ﻋﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺸﺅﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ، ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻙ ﺴﻌﻭﺩ ٨٨٩١ . ٤١( Arabic for you, sulyman kaboon , 2nd ed. 1997, book anol cassette)ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠﻠﻙ ، ﻁـ٣ / ٧٩٩١ ﻡ ( ٥١( ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼﻕ ﺍﻷﺴﻤﺭ ﻭﻋﺠﺎﺌﺏ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ، ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﻼﺴﺘﻌﻼﻤﺎﺕ ،ﻤـﺼﺭ ،٩٨٩١ ﻡ .Arabic listening Course ٦١( ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﺎﺓ ، ﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﻤﺘﻜﺎﻤل ﻓﻰ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﻬـﺎ ، ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻭل ،ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻙ ﺴﻌﻭﺩ ، ﻋﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺸﺅﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ .Yalla Ndadish bi learabi / Let’s chat in Arabic Apractical introduction to ,17- spoken Arabic of Cairo1998 Ahmed Hassnein - Mona Kamel Ph . D. in Arabic, Prinkton University – U.S.A. – M.A. in Arabic the American university ٦٦www.kotobarabia.com 66. ﺒﺒﻠﻭﺠﺭﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻹﻤﺘﺎﻋﻴﺔ• ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻭﺭ ، ، ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻤﻰ ﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﻔل ، ١٠٠٢ﻡ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺯﺤﺎﻡ/ • ﻤﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻯ/ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭ، ﺝ ٢ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺩ/ • ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺍﺭﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔ ، ﻗﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ، ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺠﻤـﺔ ،ﺃﻜﺎﺩﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻭﻥ . • 0002ﺍﻷﺒﺠﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ : ﺘﺤﺼﻴل ﻭﺘﺠﺭﻴﺩ ﻭﺯﺘﻭﺜﻴﻕ• ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺎﺕ، ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ ﺒﺂﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻹﺴﻜﻨﺩﺭﻴﺔ، ٦٧٩١ﻡ0002 , 8791 ,• On Literary Arabic : Notes & Means • ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ، ٩٩٩١) ﺘـﺭﺠﻤـﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﻭﻭﺴﺎﺌل ( )ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺃﺩﺒﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻠﻭﻟﻭﺠﻲ( ٠٢٤١ –٩٩٩١- ٠٠٠٢ﻡ - ٠٠٠٢ﻡ--9991 , • Slavic Culture In The Light of Arabic and Western Cultures2000, the English phase- of the book p. 20 + the Arabic phase • ﺍﻟﺭﺼﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻭﻯ ، ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠـﻭﻡ ، ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ، ﺘـﻭﻨﺱ٨٠٤١ ﻫـ - ٧٨٩١ ﻡ ، ﺹ ١ – ١١ ﺯ ٧٦www.kotobarabia.com 67. ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊﻤﻼﺤﻕ ٦٨www.kotobarabia.com 68. ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊﻤﻼﺤﻕ ٦٩ www.kotobarabia.com 69. ٧٠ www.kotobarabia.com 70. .. ٧١ www.kotobarabia.com 71. ٧٢ www.kotobarabia.com 72. ٧٣ www.kotobarabia.com 73. ٧٤ www.kotobarabia.com 74. ٧٥ www.kotobarabia.com