ETABS

CE3155 Structural Analysis LaboratoryNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE FACULTY OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Computer Modeling and Analysis of Building for Wind Loads SEMESTER 2 AY 2010/2011 Modeling a Four-Story Building Using ETABS Notes for Training Session Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory CE3155 Structural Analysis Laboratory Computer Modelling and Analysis of Building for Wind Loads Notes for Training Session Modelling a Four-Story Building Using ETABS MODEL FOR TRAINING SESSION The following model parameters will be used to construct a Model of a Four-Story Building: Number of stories: Breadth of building: (a = 4.25 m) Length of the building: (b = 4.75 m) Height of first story: Height of each story above the first story: Size of corner columns: Size of side columns: Size of beams: Thickness of the shear wall: Depth of coupling beam Wind load intensity: Young’s modulus of concrete, E: Poisson’s ratio, : Density of concrete, Coefficient of Thermal Expansion,  Shear modulus of concrete, G: =4 = 5a = 6b =4m =3m = 0.5 m x 0.5 m = 0.5 m x 0.4 m = 0.5 m x 0.4 m = 0.3 m =0.8m = 2.5 kN/m2 = 20 x 106 kN/m2 = 0.2 = 23 kN/m3 = 10 x 10-6 oC-1 = 8.3 x 106 kN/m2 National University of Singapore Page 1 of 59 Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Column 18 19 Beam 20 Bent 1 21 1.4 2.0 3.0 2.0 1.4 4.55 17 16 15 9.8 14 13 12 11 Y 0.3 a 10 Wall CB X Bent 2 9 22 1 2 b 3 4 5 North 6 Wind 8 7 STEPS 1. BEGIN A NEW MODEL 1.1 1.2 Start ETABS Change the units (a) At the right corner of the current window, roll down “kN,m”. 1.3 Click the File menu > New Model command or the New Model button Default.elb button. and select . Press National University of Singapore Page 2 of 59 National University of Singapore Page 3 of 59 . (b) The screen will refresh and display a 2-D (Plane View – Story 1 – Elevation 3) view and a 3-D View of the model in vertically tiled adjoining windows.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory 1. (a) Input data definition as follows and then press OK button.4 In Building Plan Grid System and Story Data Definition dialog box. 1 From the Define menu choose Materials Properties… (a) This displays the Define Materials dialog box. (b) Select CONC for Materials. Click on Modify/Show Material… button. National University of Singapore Page 4 of 59 .Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory 2. DEFINING MATERIAL PROPERTIES 2. Click OK. Modify material properties as follows. (b) This will display the Define Frame Properties dialog box. on the main toolbar.2 Click the Save Model button menu to save the file.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (c) Click OK again to exit Define Materials dialog box 2.1 Define the beam and columns sections (a) From the Define menu choose Frame Sections. or select Save from the File 3. National University of Singapore Page 5 of 59 . In Properties box. use Shift button to select all default sections and press Delete Property button. DEFINING FRAME AND CORE WALL SECTIONS 3. Dimensions. (d) In Rectangular Section dialog box. This will display Rectangular Section dialog box.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (c) At Click to box.  C50X50: Depth = 0. Select CONC (material defined before) for Material. National University of Singapore Page 6 of 59 .5m. click the drop-down list and select Add Rectangular. input Section Name.5m. Width = 0. 2 Define the core wall section (a) From Define menu. National University of Singapore Page 7 of 59 . (g) After defining all the sections.4m.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (e) Then click OK to complete C50x50 Define.5m. Width = 0.  C50X40: Depth = 0. (b) At Click to box. (f) Follow the same procedures from step (c) to (e) to define two remaining sections. select Wall/Slab/Deck Sections…This displays Define Wall/Slab/Deck Sections dialog box. 3. Width = 0. This will display Wall/Slab Section dialog box. click OK to exit Define Frame Properties dialog box.5m. click the drop-down list and select Add New Wall.4m.  B40X50: Depth = 0. 1 Drawing columns National University of Singapore Page 8 of 59 . or select Save from the File 4. Type the value of thickness of the core wall at Thickness box.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (c) At Wall/Slab Section dialog box. At Material box. (e) Click the Save Model button menu to save the file. (d) Then click OK to exit Wall/Slab Section dialog box. Click on OK again to complete Wall/Slab/Deck Sections define. on the main toolbar. type COREWALL at the Section Name box. DRAWING BEAMS AND COLUMNS 4. select CONC (concrete material defined before). This will display Properties of Object box. use Set Plan View button on the toolbar). Make sure that it is Plan View (if not.  Click National University of Singapore Page 9 of 59 . the pointer changes to . its title bar will be highlighted. (b) Use the up-down button on the toolbar to change the right window to Plan View – STORY 1 – Elevation 3. (c) Click on Create Columns in Region or at Click (Plan) button on the left toolbar. Move the pointer  to the corner node. Move to the other corners and draw three remaining columns. Scroll down the list of sections and select C50x50 (d) When click on .Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (a) Click on the left window toolbar to activate it. Then click on it to create a column (see figure below). Note when the window is active. scroll down the list of sections and select C50x40. When release mouse button.  Click Drag Release National University of Singapore Page 10 of 59 .Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (e) After finishing drawing all corner columns. columns will be created at nodes in the window. at Properties of Object box. (f) Make a cross window to select edge columns. . 3D) button on the left toolbar. beams will be created in the window. Make a cross window as in figure (b) When click on below. the pointer changes to . 4.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (g) Continue to draw other edge columns.2 Drawing beams (a) Click on Create Lines in Region or at Clicks (Plan. Scroll down the list of sections and select B40x50. This will display Properties of Object box. Elev. press Esc button to exit the drawing command. National University of Singapore Page 11 of 59 . When finish drawing all columns. When release mouse button. on the main toolbar. Then press Delete button. DRAWING THE CORE WALL SEGMENTS National University of Singapore Page 12 of 59 .Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (c) Press Esc button to exit the drawing command. or select Save from the File Note: To clear unwanted selections. on the left 5. Click Drag Release (e) Click the Save Model button menu to save the file. (d) Delete unwanted beams: make a cross window from right to left to select unwanted beams as follows. click on Clear Selection button toolbar. Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory 9.4 2. click the right mouse button.75 2.0 X 2.2 for ground storey 2.0 1.3 2.55 0.0 4. Right click National University of Singapore Page 13 of 59 .2 for others Ground storey Doors of the lift (a) At drawing windows.125 First storey Coupling beam 0.4 4.8 Y 4.125 CB 1.8 3.75 3. Select Edit Grid Data…This will display Coordinate Systems dialog box. Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (b) Press Modify/Show System… button. we add some grid lines that determine the core wall location. (c) The Define Grid Data dialog box shows coordinates of the grid lines in X-. National University of Singapore Page 14 of 59 . (d) In X Grid Data. This will display the dialog box below.75 x2 = 12. add 4 grid lines: x1 = 10.75 x4 = 17.75 (e) Type the Grid ID and Ordinate of the above grid lines in Define Grid Data dialog box then press OK button.75 x3 = 15. and Ydirections in the global coordinate. To draw the core wall segments. Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (f) Press OK to exit Coordinate Systems dialog box. (g) Adding a reference plane in Z.2 for Z-Ord then click Add button. Then click OK button.direction. input 2. Select Edit Reference Plane…This will display Edit Reference Planes dialog box. National University of Singapore Page 15 of 59 . In this box. Click the right mouse button again. Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (h) Click the Save Model button menu to save the file on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File 5.1 Draw the core wall Y X (a) In the left window, make sure that it is Plan View – STORY 1 – Elevation 3 (if not, use Set Plan View button on the toolbar). (b) Click on the Zoom in button on the toolbar. Make a window (left corner to right corner) to zoom in the core wall zone. National University of Singapore Page 16 of 59 Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Click Drag Release (c) Click on Draw Wall (Plan) button on the left toolbar to draw wall elements. This will display Properties of Object box. Scroll down the list of sections and select COREWALL. , the pointer changes to . Move the pointer  to the beginning (d) When click on node X=9.5, Y=8.5, Z=3 (see figure below). Then click on it. Continue to click on the next nodes until finish the corewall. National University of Singapore Page 17 of 59 Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Click Click Click Click Click National University of Singapore Page 18 of 59 (f) Make a cross window to select the corewall. National University of Singapore Page 19 of 59 . (g) From Edit menu.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (e) Press Esc button to exit the drawing command. select Mesh Areas…This display Mesh Selected Areas dialog box. 5. check on Mesh Quads/Triangles at then check on Intersections with Visible Grids. Then press OK button.2 Delete wall segments for lift doors Y X National University of Singapore Page 20 of 59 .Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (h) In Mesh Selected Areas dialog box. Click to select National University of Singapore Page 21 of 59 .Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (a) Click on Set Elevation View…button on the toolbar. This displays Set Elevation View dialog box. (b) Click on the segments at the lift doors to select. select elevation 3 as follows then click OK. In this box. Then press Delete button. 5. click on Set Building View Options button on the toolbar . check on Object Fill then click OK. This displays Set Elevation View dialog box.3 Assigning Pier Label to the corewall (for moment and shear output) (a) Click on Set Elevation View…button on the toolbar. (b) Make a cross window to select the wall on Elevation View C as follows. check on Grid Lines box. To turn on the Grid Lines. select elevation C as follows then click OK.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Note: To view a fill area (figure above). In Set Building View Options dialog box. check again. In this box. To turn of . National University of Singapore Page 22 of 59 . National University of Singapore Page 23 of 59 . select Shell/Area > Pier Label…This displays Pier Names dialog box. Use a cross window to select the wall on Elevation View E as follows.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (c) From Assign menu. (e) Use the up-down button on the toolbar to change the left window to Elevation View E. select P1 then click OK. (d) In Pier Names dialog box. The wall will be assigned to Pier P1. National University of Singapore Page 24 of 59 . on the main toolbar.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (f) From Assign menu. REDUPLICATION OF BUILDING STOREY (a) From Edit menu. Click OK. type P2 in Wall Piers box then click Add New Name. choose Edit Story Data > Insert Story…. ` (g) Click the Save Model button menu to save the file. or select Save from the File 6. This will display Insert New Story dialog box. select Shell/Area > Pier Label…In Pier Names dialog box. The wall will be assigned to Pier P2. 3 for Number of Stories.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (b) Insert New Story dialog box. Then click OK button. Upper stories will be copied from story 1. National University of Singapore Page 25 of 59 . input 3 for Story Height. Then press OK button. This will display Story Data dialog box. change the height of STORY1 to 4.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (c) Click the Save Model button menu to save the file on the main toolbar. choose Edit Story Data > Edit Story…. CHANGING HEIGHT OF STOREY 1 FROM 3M TO 4M (a) From Edit menu. National University of Singapore Page 26 of 59 . or select Save from the File 7. (b) In Story Data dialog box. In Set Building View Options dialog box. National University of Singapore Page 27 of 59 . To turn off the toolbar Grid Lines.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Note: To get 3D view as figure below. check on Extrusion. Then click OK. uncheck Grid Lines box. click on Set Building View Options button on the . its title bar will be highlighted.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (c) Click the Save Model button menu to save the file. National University of Singapore Page 28 of 59 . ADDING RESTRAINTS TO THE STRUCTURE (a) Click on the left window toolbar to activate it. In this box. select elevation BASE as follow then click OK. on the toolbar. This displays Set Plan View (b) Click on Set Plan View…button dialog box. on the main toolbar. Note when the window is active. or select Save from the File 8. Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (c) Select all nodes of the base by a cross window. National University of Singapore Page 29 of 59 . (e) Click on the button to define fixed supports at selected nodes (f) Click OK. or select Save from the File 9. (b) Use the up-down button on the toolbar to change the left window to Plan View – STORY1. use Set Plan View button on the toolbar). This will display Assign Restraints dialog box.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (d) From Assign menu. on the main toolbar. make sure that it is Plan View – BASE (if not. CREATION OF RIGID FLOORS FOR LATERAL LOAD ANALYSIS (a) In the left window. National University of Singapore Page 30 of 59 . Use a cross window to select nodes on STORY1 as follows. choose Joint /Point > Restraints (Supports)…. (g) Click the Save Model button menu to save the file. select Joint/Point > Diaphragms… This displays Assign Diaphragm dialog box. select D1 and press OK button.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (c) From Assign menu. National University of Singapore Page 31 of 59 . (d) In Assign Diaphragm dialog box. Select nodes on STORY1-1 by using a cross window. This displays Diaphragm Data dialog box. select D2 then click OK. Diaphragm (f) In Assign Diaphragm dialog box. check Rigid box then click OK. Then from Assign menu.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory on the toolbar to change the left window to next (e) Use the up-down button story Plan View – STORY1-1 (second story). select Joint/Point > Diaphragms… In Assign Diaphragm dialog box. Type in D2 for Diaphragm. click on Add New Diaphragm button. National University of Singapore Page 32 of 59 . DEFINING LOADS (a) From Define menu. or select Save from the File 10. there are two default load cases: + Load: DEAD. Self Weight Multiplier: 0 Self Weight Multiplier reflects the self weight of elements. If Self Weight Multiplier is 1. This will display Define Static Load Case Names dialog box. National University of Singapore Page 33 of 59 . Type: LIVE. on the main toolbar. select Static Load Cases…. (h) Click the Save Model button menu to save the file. Self Weight Multiplier: 1 + Load: LIVE. In this dialog box. Type: DEAD. the self weight of elements is accounted automatically in the model analysis.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (g) Follow steps (e) to (f) : D3 for third story and D4 for roof story. self weight dead load is defined through DEAD load. The wind load will be defined by changing LIVE to WINDLOAD. (c) Press OK to finish defining loads. National University of Singapore Page 34 of 59 . (b) In Define Static Load Case Names dialog box. Press Modify Load button. select LIVE load by clicking on it then click on Load box and type WINDLOAD in it.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Hence. Scroll down the list of load types and select WIND. Input 0 for Self Weight Multiplier. Assigning area load by creating a wall with small stiffness (nearly zero) and zero weight: Wall Wall Area load 2.5kN/m2 (a) Define new material for the wall: From the Define menu choose Materials. Then click the OK button. In Material Property Data dialog box. The second one is to assign directly the area load through a wall. From the area load. edit the material name and material properties as in the following figure. we can obtain joint forces and assign to nodes. or select Save from the File 11. Do not need to assign the self weight. Just assign the wind load.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (d) Click the Save Model button menu to save the file on the main toolbar. There are 2 ways to assign the wind load. National University of Singapore Page 35 of 59 . Below is the second one. This displays the Define Materials dialog box. self weight of all elements is automatically accounted. Click on Add New Material… button. ASSIGNING LOADS When Self Weight Multiplier equals to 1 for DEAD load. Then click OK button. (e) Click OK button to exit Define Wall/Slab/Deck Sections dialog box. National University of Singapore Page 36 of 59 . (c) Define section for the wall: From Define menu. scroll down and select Add New Wall. This displays Wall/Slab Section dialog box.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (b) Click OK button to exit Define Materials dialog box. At Click to. (d) In Wall/Slab Section dialog box. Scroll down and select material WALL (defined before). type WALL in Section Name. select Wall/Slab/Deck Sections…This displays Define Wall/Slab/Deck Sections dialog box. National University of Singapore Page 37 of 59 . This will display Properties of Object box. Then drag the pointer to the node at the right upper corner and release to complete a rectangular element. the pointer changes to . Scroll down and select WALL section. Elev) button on the left toolbar to draw area elements. (h) When click on .Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (f) From left window. Click on it and hold. In this box. This displays Set Elevation View dialog box. click on Set Elevation View…button on the toolbar. select elevation 1 as follows then click OK. (g) Click on Draw Rectangular Areas (Plan. Move the pointer  to the node at the left lower corner. select Mesh Areas … This displays Mesh Selected Areas dialog box. National University of Singapore Page 38 of 59 . (k) From Edit menu. (l) In this dialog box. Then press OK button. (j) Make a cross window to select the wall.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Move to this point and release Drag Click at this point (i) Press Esc button to exit the drawing command. check on Mesh Quads/Triangles at and Intersection with Selected Line Objects. (o) In Uniform Surface Loads dialog box. select Shell/Area Loads > Uniform… This display Uniform Surface Loads dialog box. Global-Y for Direction.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (m) Assign area load to the wall: Make a cross window to select the wall elements. select WINDLOAD for Load Case Name.5 (kN/m2) at Load box. (n) From Assign menu. Check on Replace Existing Loads. Press OK button. Type 2. National University of Singapore Page 39 of 59 . from Option menu. To return default set up. or select Save from the File Note: To increase the graphic font size. It is not typically necessary to change the graphic font size. National University of Singapore Page 40 of 59 . click on Reset to Defaults button in Dimensions/Tolerances Preferences dialog box . Also can use Zoom in button to see the graphic display if it is small. on the main toolbar. select Preference…> Dimensions/Tolerances…. Press OK button. It is done here to illustrate the process.This displays Dimensions/Tolerances Preferences dialog box. Type a number (e. Changes are shown in the figure below.g 6) at Minimum Graphic Font Size.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (p) Click the Save Model button menu to save the file. National University of Singapore Page 41 of 59 . (c) In this dialog box: · In the Object View Options area check the Area Labels. This displays the Set Building View Options dialog box. · Click the OK button. RELABELING JOINT ELEMENTS (a) Click in the right window labeled 3-D View to make sure it is active. (b) Click the Set Building View Options button on the main toolbar (or select Set Building…from the View menu). Line Labels and Point Labels boxes. its title bar will be highlighted.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory 12. Note when the window is active. (d) Press Ctrl + A. (f) Click OK button. All elements in the model (joints.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Note: We are turning on the element labels so that we can see the effect of the element relabeling. (e) From the Edit menu. to see the effect of element relabeling. frame elements and shell elements) are selected. (g) Click on Clear Selection button National University of Singapore on the left toolbar to clear all selections. Page 42 of 59 . It is not necessary to turn on element labels in order to relabel them. select Auto Relabel All. Use Zoom in button Use to restore full view. This does not affect the model analysis. select Shell/Area > Area Object Mesh Options… National University of Singapore Page 43 of 59 . select COREWALL then click OK. select by Wall/Slab/Deck Sections… (b) In Select Sections dialog box. MESHING CORE WALL ELEMENTS (useful for increasing accuracy of results) (a) From Select menu. (c) From Assign menu. 13.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Note: Relabeling elements is only useful for viewing the result table in text format. This will display Analysis Options dialog box. . Input 6 and 6 in the boxes. Then click OK.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (d) In the Area Object Auto Mesh Options dialog box. check Subdivide Object into… box. 14. Then press OK. SOLVING THE MODEL (e) From Analyze menu. Note: Finer mesh causes long analysis time. select Set Analysis Options…. Uncheck Dynamic Analysis National University of Singapore Page 44 of 59 . Click on Full 3D button box. Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (f) To run the model. from Analyze menu. select Run Analysis. National University of Singapore Page 45 of 59 . National University of Singapore Page 46 of 59 .Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Now you will be in the results output module of ETABS and you will see the following toolbar. Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (g) From Display menu. Show Values on Diagram. and zoom where National University of Singapore Page 47 of 59 . use zoom in button to see. then press OK. select Show Member Forces/Stress Diagram > Frame/Pier/Spandrel Forces… (h) Select WINDLOAD. Frames boxes. To see the values. Check Moment 2-2 . Moment 2-2 is about axis 2. At Object View Options area. check Line Local Options button Axes box. In this model. To see the local axes.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Note: Frame forces are based on the local coordinate system of frame elements. Shear 2-2 and shear 3-3 are in 2 and 3 directions. Then click OK. as can be seen in the figure below: National University of Singapore Page 48 of 59 . Red color is the axis 1. click on Set Building View on the toolbar. Moment 3-3 is about axis 3. white color is the axis 2 and blue color is the axis 3. Hence. axis 3 is normal to vertical plane. moment 2-2 and shear 3-3 are in vertical plane. Pier element Axis 1 (red color) Axis 2 (white color) Axis3 (blue color) National University of Singapore Page 49 of 59 . Axis 1 (red color) Axis 3 (blue color) Axis 2 (white color) Beam element + For Pier element: axis 1 and axis 2 are in plane (vertical plane). axis 2 is normal to vertical plane.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory + For column elements: axis 1 and axis 3 are in plane (vertical plane). Hence. Axis 1 (red color) Axis 2 (white color) Axis 3 (blue color) Column element + For beam elements: axis 1 and axis 2 are in plane (vertical plane). Hence. moment 3-3 and shear 2-2 are in vertical plane. moment 3-3 and shear 2-2 are in vertical plane. axis 3 is normal to vertical plane. select Show Member Forces/Stress Diagram > Frame/Pier/Spandrel Forces… National University of Singapore Page 50 of 59 .Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (i) From Display menu. use zoom in button and zoom where to see. To see the values. check Shear 3-3. Frames boxes. (k) From Display menu. select Show Member Forces/Stress Diagram > Frame/Pier/Spandrel Forces… National University of Singapore Page 51 of 59 . then press OK. Show Values on Diagram.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (j) Select WINDLOAD. (m) Shear force of the corewall (one side) National University of Singapore Page 52 of 59 . To see the values. then press OK. Piers boxes. Show Values on Diagram. check Moment 3-3 .Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (l) Select WINDLOAD. use zoom in button and zoom where to see. This is the moment diagram of the corewall (one side). Y.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (n) From Display menu. select Show Deformed Shape (o) Select WINDLOAD. Move pointer to nodes and right click to see displacement. press OK. Z direction. National University of Singapore Page 53 of 59 . In this problem. (p) Make sure that the window is the deformed shape display. wind load is in Y direction. Click on Lateral Drifts… to see displacement in X. PRINTING GRAPHIC DISPLAY (a) To print the graphic display as figure below. select Capture Picture > Current Window w/ Titlebar. National University of Singapore Page 54 of 59 . Then choose where to save the picture.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory 15. from File menu. Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory 16. This will display Print Output Tables dialog box. SENDING THE OUTPUT TO A WORD FILE (a) From File menu. National University of Singapore Page 55 of 59 . select Print Tables > Analysis Output…. Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory (a) Press OK. (b) The result table is below + Displacement: Nodal displacements: Displacements of centers of stories: National University of Singapore Page 56 of 59 . V3 are shear forces. T is torsional moment. M2. M3 is out of plane + Corewall forces: Moment and shear force are obtained from result table. V2. M3 are bending moment. Moment and shear force of frames can be obtained from graphic diagrams or from result table. M3): bending moments. V3): shear forces. UY and UZ are displacements of stories in X. - Column (STORY): story label Column (COLUMN): column label Column (LOAD): load cases Column (LOC): locations of internal forces along element Column (P): axial force Columns (V2.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory UX. P1 (defined before) is side 1. M3. M2 in plane. P2 is side 2 (see figure below) Y 1 X 2 National University of Singapore Page 57 of 59 . Y and Z directions. V2 are moment and shear force in plane of wall. V2 is out of plane Column (T): torsional moment Columns (M2. + Frame forces: Element Forces – Frames: The forces of frames are shown at three sections of elements (at two ends and middle). V3 is in plane. P is axial force. In this box.Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory Appendix: Defining load combination. National University of Singapore Page 58 of 59 . click on Add New Combo button. select Load Combinations…This displays Define Load Combinations dialog box. From Define menu. This step must be completed after defining load cases and before running analysis. Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory In the Response Combination Data dialog box. Scroll down case name list and select DEAD. Then click on Add button. Select Linear Add for Combination Type. Input Scale Factor. Click on Add button. Scroll down again and select WINDLOAD. Input Scale Factor. type in the combination name. Click OK to complete a combination (DEAD + WINDLOAD). National University of Singapore Page 59 of 59 .