Chapter 20 Review Questions

General Chemistry: Atoms First, 2e (McMurry and Fay) Chapter 20 Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry 20.1 Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following elements is an inner transition metal? A) Eu B) Fe C) Ru D) Sc Answer: A Diff: 1 Algo. Option: algorithmic 2) What is the characteristic outer electron configuration for transition elements? A) (n - 1)d10-xns2 B) (n)d10-xns2 C) (n + 1)d10-xns1 D) (n - 1)d10-x(n + 1)s2 Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations 3) What is the ground-state electron configuration for the element cobalt (Z = 27)? A) [Ar] 4s2 3d7 B) [Ar] 3d9 C) [Ar] 4s2 4p6 5s1 D) [Ar] 3d7 Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations 4) Which element is most likely to have an anomalous electron configuration? A) Y B) Tc C) Ag D) Cd Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations 1 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 5) What is the ground-state electron configuration for the element chromium (Z = 24)? A) [Ne] 4s2 3d4 B) [Ar] 4s2 3d4 C) [Ar] 4s1 3d5 D) [Ar] 3d6 Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations Algo. Option: algorithmic 6) What is the ground-state electron configuration for Cr in Cr2O72-? A) [Ar] 4s1 3d5 B) [Ar] 4s2 3d6 C) [Ar] 3d4 D) [Ar] 3d0 Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations 7) What is the ground-state electron configuration for Co2+ (Z = 27)? A) [Ar] 4s2 3d9 B) [Ar] 4s2 3d5 C) [Ar] 3d7 D) [Ar] 4s1 3d6 Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations Algo. Option: algorithmic 8) Which transition metal has the anomalous ground-state electron configuration: [Kr] 4d10? A) Rh B) Pd C) Ag D) Cd Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations 2 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 9) Which of the following species has the ground-state electron configuration [Ar]3d4? A) Ti B) V2+ C) Cr2+ D) Fe2+ Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations Algo. Option: algorithmic 10) How many d electrons are there in MnO4-? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations Algo. Option: algorithmic 11) What is the d orbital-filling diagram for Fe3+ (Z = 26)? A) (A) B) (B) C) (C) D) (D) Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations 12) How many valence electrons does the element Co have? A) 2 B) 7 C) 8 D) 9 Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations 3 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 13) What two transition elements have the highest electrical conductivity of any elements at room temperature? A) copper and iron B) copper and silver C) iron and chromium D) silver and gold Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.2 Properties of Transition Elements 14) Which first row transition element has the highest melting point? A) Sc B) V C) Fe D) Zn Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.2 Properties of Transition Elements 15) Which transition element has the highest melting point? A) Fe B) V C) Mo D) W Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations 16) Which of the following elements has the highest density? A) Cr B) Ni C) Os D) Ta Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.2 Properties of Transition Elements 17) For transition elements, which of the following occurs as the effective nuclear charge increases? A) The atomic radius increases. B) The density increases. C) Both the atomic radius and the density increase. D) The atomic radius decreases and the density increases. Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.2 Properties of Transition Elements 4 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 18) Though we would expect an increase in atomic radii going down a group from the second to the third transition series of elements, the actual radii are nearly identical. The term commonly used to describe this phenomenon is the A) atomic disparity. B) effective nuclear charge. C) lanthanide contraction. D) transition default. Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.2 Properties of Transition Elements 19) Which of the following transition elements (Sc, Ti, V, Mn, and Cu) have positive oxidation potentials? A) Sc B) Cu C) Sc, Ti, and V D) Sc, Ti, V, and Mn Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.2 Properties of Transition Elements 20) Which transition element is difficult to oxidize with hydronium ion? A) Cr B) Cu C) Mn D) Ti Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.2 Properties of Transition Elements 21) What oxidation state(s) is(are) exhibited by all first row transition elements except scandium? A) +2 B) +3 C) +2 and +3 D) +2, +3 and +4 Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.3 Oxidation States of Transition Elements 5 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 22) What is the highest possible oxidation state for chromium? A) +3 B) +4 C) +5 D) +6 Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.3 Oxidation States of Transition Elements Algo. Option: algorithmic 23) What statement is most inconsistent with the chemistry of transition elements? A) Bromide, chloride and iodide stabilize the higher oxidation states of the transition elements. B) Early transition metal ions with the metal in its lowest oxidation state are good reducing agents. C) Ions that have transition metal in their highest oxidation state tend to be good oxidizing agents. D) The stability of the higher oxidation states increases down a periodic group. Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.3 Oxidation States of Transition Elements 24) Vanadium in the +5 oxidation is most often found as compounds of A) bromides. B) chlorides. C) fluorides. D) iodides. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.3 Oxidation States of Transition Elements 25) Which of the following is the strongest reducing agent? A) Cr B) Sc C) V D) Ti Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.3 Oxidation States of Transition Elements 26) Which of the following is the most difficult to oxidize? A) Cr B) V C) Ti D) Sc Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.3 Oxidation States of Transition Elements 6 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 27) What is the strongest oxidizing agent of the following set: VCl2, CrCl3, KMnO4, KReO4? A) VCl2 B) CrCl3 C) KMnO4 D) KReO4 Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.3 Oxidation States of Transition Elements 28) What is the strongest oxidizing agent of the following set: MnCl2, Mn(OH)3, MnO2, KMnO4? A) MnCl2 B) Mn(OH)3 C) MnO2 D) KMnO4 Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.3 Oxidation States of Transition Elements 29) What chemical equation represents the best method for obtaining pure chromium? A) FeCr2O4(s) + 4 C(s) + heat → Fe(s) + 2 Cr(s) + 4 CO(g) B) Cr2O3(s) + 2 Al(s) + heat → 2 Cr(s) + Al2O3(s) C) Cr2O3(s) + 2 Fe(s) + heat → Fe2O3(s) + 2 Cr(s) D) Cr2+(aq) + H2(g) → Cr(s) + 2 H+(aq) Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 30) Which is not a characteristic reaction of chromium metal or chromium(II) ion? A) Cr(s) + 2 H+(aq) → Cr2+(aq) + H2(g) B) 4 Cr2+(aq) + O2(g) + 4 H+(aq) → 4 Cr3+(aq) + 2 H2O(l) C) Cr(OH)2(s) + 2 H3O+(aq) → Cr2+(aq) + 4 H2O(l) D) Cr(OH)2(s) + OH-(aq) → Cr(OH)3-(aq) Answer: D Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 7 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 31) Which of the following chromium species is the strongest acid? A) Cr(OH)2 B) Cr(OH)3 C) CrO2(OH)2 D) CrO42Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 32) Which chromium species exists only under acidic conditions? A) Cr(OH)2 B) Cr(OH)4C) CrO42D) Cr2O72Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 33) Which is the strongest oxidizing agent under acidic conditions? A) Cr2+ B) Cr3+ C) CrO42D) Cr2O72Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 34) In the two half-reactions shown below, which chromium species is the strongest oxidizing agent? Cr2O72–(aq) + 14 H+(aq) + 6 e– → 2 Cr3+(aq) + 7 H2O(l) E° = + 1.33 V CrO42–(aq) + 4 H2O(l) + 6 e– → Cr(OH)3(s) + 5 OH–(aq) E° = – 0.13 V A) Cr2O72– B) Cr3+ C) CrO42– D) Cr(OH)3 Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 8 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 35) What statement is inconsistent with the chemistry of iron? A) Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust. B) Iron is obtained from the reduction of hematite (Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4) by carbon in a blast furnace. C) Iron is a relatively hard metal and it is relatively unreactive with haloacids. D) The majority of iron in a healthy human is present in the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin. Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 36) What are two of the major components of stainless steel? A) iron and carbon B) iron and chromium C) iron and titanium D) iron and tungsten Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 37) What statement is most inconsistent about the chemistry of iron? A) Iron(III) hydroxide is very soluble and reacts readily with hydroxide to form Fe(OH)4–. B) Iron reacts with hydrochloric acid in the absence of air to yield iron(II) ion and hydrogen gas. C) Iron reacts with nitric acid to yield iron(III) ion and nitric oxide. D) The most common oxidation states of iron are +2 (ferrous) and +3 (ferric). Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 38) What is the strongest oxidizing agent of the following set: FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO42-? A) FeO B) Fe2O3 C) Fe3O4 D) FeO42Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 39) What statement is inconsistent with the chemistry of copper? A) It has a high electrical conductivity and is widely used to make electrical wiring. B) It is commonly found in the elemental state. C) It is a reddish colored metal that accounts for only 0.0068% of the earth's crust by mass. D) It is used to make corrosion-resistant water pipes because it has a positive oxidation potential. Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 9 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 40) What is the compound responsible for the green patina seen on bronze monuments? A) CuCO3 B) Cu2(OH)2CO3 C) Cu(OH)2 D) Cu2(OH)2SO4 Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 41) Which of the following is a disproportionation reaction? A) Cu2S(l) + O2(g) → 2 Cu(l) + SO2(g) B) 3 Cu(s) + 2 NO3-(aq) + 8 H+(aq) → 3 Cu2+(aq) + 2 NO(g) + 4 H2O(l) C) 2 Cu+(aq) → Cu(s) + Cu2+(aq) D) Cu2+(aq) + 4 NH3(aq) → Cu(NH3)42+(aq) Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 42) Using the following reduction potentials for copper determine the unstable copper compound. Cu+(aq) + e- → Cu(s) E° = +0.52 V Cu2+(aq) + e- → Cu+(aq) E° = +0.15 V A) CuCl B) CuCl2 C) CuSO4 D) Cu(OH)2 Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 43) Describe what happens when 3.0 M NH3 is slowly added to an aqueous solution of CuSO4. A) A blue precipitate of Cu(OH)2 forms. B) A royal blue complex of [Cu(NH3)4]2+ is formed. C) A blue precipitate of Cu(OH)2 is formed which is then converted to the royal blue complex [Cu(NH3)4]2+. D) A royal blue complex of [Cu(NH3)4]2+ is formed which then is converted to a blue precipitate of Cu(OH)2. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.4 Chemistry of Selected Transition Elements 10 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 44) Which one of the following compounds is not consistent with the terminology of a complex? A) [Cu(NH3)4]2+ B) CuSO4 ∙ 5H2O C) K3[Fe(CN)6] D) [Cr(NH3)6]Cl3 Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.5 Coordination Compounds 45) Which is a complex ion? A) CrCl3 B) CrO42– C) [Cr(H2O)6]3+ D) Cr2O72– Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.5 Coordination Compounds 46) What is the coordination number of the Fe atom in K3[Fe(C2O4)3]? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 6 Answer: D Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.5 Coordination Compounds 47) What is the coordination number of the Au atom in K [Au(CN)2(SCN)2]? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 6 Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.5 Coordination Compounds 48) What is the oxidation state of the Cr atom in [Ni(en)3]3[Cr(CN)6]2? A) +2 B) +3 C) +4 D) +6 Answer: B Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands 11 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 49) What is the oxidation state of the Co atom in [Co(NH3)5Cl](NO3)2? A) +2 B) +3 C) +4 D) +6 Answer: B Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands 50) A chromium(III) ion forms a complex ion with two ammonia molecules and four thiocyanate ions. What is the formula of the complex ion? A) [Cr(NH3)2(NCS)4]3+ B) [Cr(NH4)2(NCS)4]+ C) [Cr(NH3)2(NCS)4]– D) [Cr(NH3)2(NCS)4]4– Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands 51) Which of the following can function as a bidentate ligand? A) CO B) OHC) NH3 D) C2O42Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands Algo. Option: algorithmic 52) Which of the following can function as a bidentate ligand? A) CN– B) NCS– C) H2NCH2CO2– D) All of these can function as bidentate ligands. Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands 12 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 53) Which coordination complex ligand is incorrectly named? A) , sulfato B) N , nitrato C) , oxalato D) SC , thiocyanato Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 54) Ethylenediaminetetraacetate ion (EDTA4-) is commonly referred to as a ________ ligand. A) monodentate B) bidentate C) tetradentate D) hexadentate Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands 55) Which of the following can function as a chelating agent? A) CNB) CO C) H2NCH2CH2NH2 D) NCSAnswer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands Algo. Option: algorithmic 56) When the oxalate ion, C2O42– is bonded to the iron(III) ion in the complex ion [Fe(C2O4)3]3–, a ________-membered chelate ring is formed. A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands 13 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 57) Which ligand when bonded to a metal would be incorrectly named? A) H2O, aqua B) NH3, ammonia C) CO, carbonyl D) F-, fluoro Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 58) Write the chemical formula for aquabromobis(ethylenediamine)chromium(III) chloride. A) [CrBr(H2O)(en)]Cl B) [CrBr2(H2O)(en)]Cl2 C) [CrBr(H2O)(en)2]Cl2 D) [CrBr(H2O)(en)2]Cl3 Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 59) Write the chemical formula for pentaamminenitritocobalt(III) ion. A) [Co(NO)(NH3)5]3+ B) [Co(NO2)(NH3)5]2+ C) [Co(ONO)(NH3)5]2+ D) [Co(NH3)5(N2O)]2+ Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 60) What is the correct formula for tetraamminecarbonatoiron(III) chloride? A) (NH3)4[FeCO3]Cl B) [Fe(CO3)(NH3)4]Cl C) [Fe(CO3)(NH3)4]Cl2 D) [Fe(CO3)Cl(NH3)4] Answer: B Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 14 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 61) The complex cis-[CoCl(NH3)(NH2CH2CH2NH2)2]2+ was resolved into optical isomers in 1911 by Alfred Werner, demonstrating the octahedral geometry of the ion. Name this complex ion. A) cis-chloroammineethylenediaminecobalt(II) ion B) cis-amminechloroethylenediaminecobalt(III) ion C) cis-amminechlorobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(II) ion D) cis-amminechlorobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) ion Answer: D Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 62) What is the name of the complex [Ni(en)3]3[Cr(CN)6]2? A) ethylenediaminenickel(III) hexacyanochromate(II) B) tris(ethylenediamine)nickel(III) hexacyanochromate(II) C) tris(ethylenediamine)nickel(II) hexacyanochromate(III) D) bis(ethylenediamine)nickel(II) hexacyanochromate(III) Answer: C Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 63) What is the name of the complex [Ni(H2O)4(NH2CH2CH2NH2)]SO4 ∙ 5H2O? A) aquaethylenediaminenickel(II) sulfate hydrate B) tetraaquaethylenediaminenickel(II) sulfate pentahydrate C) tetraaquabis(ethylenediamine)nickel(II) sulfate pentahydrate D) tetraaquabis(ethylenediamine)nickel(III) sulfate pentahydrate Answer: B Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 64) What is the name of the complex ion [AuBrCl(CN)2]-? A) bromochlorodicyanogold(I) ion B) bromochlorodicyanoaurate(III) ion C) bromochlorodicyanoargentate(III) ion D) bromochlorodicyanoaurate(IV) ion Answer: B Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 65) In order to form a neutral compound, hexafluoroaluminate would require A) three K+ ions. B) three Cl– ions. C) six Na+ ions. D) six Br– ions. Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 15 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 66) Identify the classification of isomers illustrated by [Co(NO2)(NH3)5]2+ and [Co(ONO) (NH3)5]2+. A) linkage isomers B) ionization isomers C) geometric isomers D) optical isomers Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.8 Isomers 67) Which pair of isomers illustrates the concept of ionization isomers? A) [Cr(SCN)(NH3)5]2+ and [Cr(NCS)(NH3)5]2+ B) [CoCl(NH3)5]SO4 and [Co(SO4)(NH3)5]Cl C) cis -[PtCl2(NH3)2] and trans -[PtCl2(NH3)2] D) (+)-[Co(en)3]3+ and (-)-[Co(en)3]3+ Answer: B Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.8 Isomers 68) How many different diastereoisomers are possible for tetrahedral complex ion [CuB C A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 4 Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.8 Isomers 69) The compounds [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 and [CrCl3(H2O)3] ∙ 3H2O are examples of A) diastereoisomers. B) enantiomers. C) ionization isomers. D) linkage isomers. Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.8 Isomers 16 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ? 70) Which ion has cis and trans isomers? A) [PdCl3NH3]B) [Pt(CN)5NH3]C) [PtCl2(CN)2]2D) [Pt(C2O4)2]2Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.8 Isomers 71) Which complex is optically active? A) [CoCl4en]2B) trans-[CrCl2(en)2]+ C) cis-[CrCl2(en)2]+ D) [PtCl2(NH3)2] Answer: C Diff: 5 Topic: Section 20.9 Enantiomers and Molecular Handedness 72) Which complex cannot exist as enantiomers? A) [CoCl2(H2O)4]+ B) [Co(en)3]3+ C) cis-[CrCl2(C2O4)2]+ D) [Fe(C2O4)2(en)]Answer: A Diff: 5 Topic: Section 20.9 Enantiomers and Molecular Handedness 73) Which definition best describes isomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other that rotate plane polarized light to the same degree but in opposite directions? A) diastereoisomers B) enantiomers C) linkage isomers D) racemic mixture Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.9 Enantiomers and Molecular Handedness 17 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 74) Which one of the following objects is chiral? A) a bottle B) a chair C) a glass D) a glove Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.9 Enantiomers and Molecular Handedness 75) A complex ion that has a broad absorption band at 625 nm in its visible absorption spectrum will appear to be A) blue. B) colorless. C) red. D) yellow. Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.10 Color of Transition Metal Complexes 76) What hybridization scheme is used for Ni in the square planar complex of [Ni(CN)4]2-? A) sp3 B) dsp2 C) dsp3 D) d2sp3 Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.11 Bonding in Complexes: Valence Bond Theory 77) What type of hybrid orbitals are used by the Ti atom to form chemical bonds in the complex ion [Ti(H2O)6]3+? A) sp3 B) dsp2 C) dsp3 D) d2sp3 Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.11 Bonding in Complexes: Valence Bond Theory 18 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 78) How many unpaired electrons are present in the high spin form of the [CoF6]3- complex and what metal orbitals are used in bonding? A) 0 unpaired electrons and 4s, 4p and 4d orbitals to give sp3d2 B) 4 unpaired electrons and 4s, 4p and 4d orbitals to give sp3d2 C) 0 unpaired electrons and 3d, 4s, and 4p orbitals to give d2sp3 D) 4 unpaired electrons and 3d, 4s, and 4p orbitals to give d2sp3 Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.11 Bonding in Complexes: Valence Bond Theory 79) Which metal ion is most likely to form a square planar complex ion with CN-? A) Co2+ B) Cu2+ C) Ni2+ D) Zn2+ Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.11 Bonding in Complexes: Valence Bond Theory 80) The complex [Ni(CN)4]2- is diamagnetic and the complex [NiCl4]2- is paramagnetic. What can you conclude about their molecular geometries? A) Both complexes have square planar geometries. B) Both complexes have tetrahedral geometries. C) [NiCl4]2- has a square planar geometry while [Ni(CN)4]2- has a tetrahedral geometry. D) [NiCl4]2- has a tetrahedral geometry while [Ni(CN)4]2- has a square planar geometry. Answer: D Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.11 Bonding in Complexes: Valence Bond Theory 81) How many d electrons are there on the Fe metal atom in Na3[Fe(CN)6]? A) 1 B) 3 C) 5 D) 6 Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.11 Bonding in Complexes: Valence Bond Theory 19 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 82) Which of the following species is diamagnetic? A) an isolated, gas-phase V3+ ion B) a high-spin octahedral Fe2+ complex C) an isolated, gas-phase Cu2+ ion D) a low-spin octahedral Co3+ complex Answer: D Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.11 Bonding in Complexes: Valence Bond Theory Algo. Option: algorithmic 83) What is a representative orbital-filling diagram for the cobalt ion in the low spin complex of [Co(CN)6]3-? A) (A) B) (B) C) (C) D) (D) Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.11 Bonding in Complexes: Valence Bond Theory 84) Which of the following complex ions is colorless? A) [Co(H2O)6]2+ B) [Mn(CN)6]3C) [CrCl3(H2O)3] D) [Ag(NH3)2]+ Answer: D Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 20 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 85) Which of the following complexes has five unpaired electrons? A) [Mn(H2O)6]2+ B) [Mn(CN)6]3C) CrCl3(H2O)3 D) [Ag(NH3)2]+ Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 86) Which of the following complexes are diamagnetic? [Mn(CN)6]3- [Zn(NH3)4]2+ [Fe(CN)6]4- [FeF6]3A) [Zn(NH3)4]2+ B) [Zn(NH3)4]2+ and [FeF6]3C) [Zn(NH3)4]2+ and [Fe(CN)6]4D) [Mn(CN)6]3-, [Zn(NH3)4]2+ and [Fe(CN)6]4Answer: C Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 87) For an octahedral complex what metal d orbitals are directly towards the ligands? A) dxy, dxz B) dxy, dxz, dyz C) dz², dx²-y² D) dz², dxz, dyz Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 88) What is the expected order for increasing octahedral (Δ0) crystal field splitting for the ligands I-, F-, H2O, NH3, en, CO? A) I- < F- < H2O < NH3 < en < CO B) F- < I- < NH3 < en < CO < H2O C) I- < F- < H2O < CO < NH3 < en D) CO < en < NH3 < H2O < F- < IAnswer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 21 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 89) What is the expected order for increasing octahedral (Δ0) crystal field splitting for ligands? A) halides < O ligands < N ligands < CNB) halides < CN- < O ligands < N ligands C) CN- < N ligands < O ligands < halides D) O ligands < N ligands < CN- < halides Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 90) What is the crystal field energy level diagram for the complex [Fe(H2O)6]3+? A) (A) B) (B) C) (C) D) (D) Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 91) What is the crystal field energy level diagram for the complex [Co(CN)6]3-? A) (A) B) (B) C) (C) D) (D) Answer: A Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 22 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 92) Which ion would you expect to have the largest crystal field splitting, △? A) [Fe(CN)6]4B) [Fe(CN)6]3C) [Fe(H2O)6]2+ D) [Fe(H2O)6]3+ Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory Algo. Option: algorithmic 93) What statement is inconsistent with the crystal field theory of tetrahedral complexes? A) Δt is about 4/9's that of Δ0. B) Tetrahedral complexes are nearly all low spin. C) The dxy, dxz, and dyz orbitals are higher in energy than the dz² and dx²-y² orbitals. D) None of the metal d orbitals point directly at the ligands in a tetrahedral environment. Answer: B Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 94) Which one of the following complexes is considered to be tetrahedral? A) [FeCl4]B) [Ni(CN)4]2C) [PtCl4]2D) [PdCl2(NH3)2] Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 95) Assume the absorption of the following complex ions can be measured as one broad band. Which of the following is expected to have an absorption band with the shortest wavelength? A) [Fe(N B) [Fe(CN C) [FeC D) [FeB Answer: B Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 23 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 96) How many unpaired electrons will Co have in the complex [CoCl4]2-? A) 1 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 Answer: B Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 97) Which group of elements, indicated by letter and shading on the periodic table above, represents the transition elements? A) A B) B C) C D) D Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 98) Which group of elements, indicated by letter and shading on the periodic table above, represents the inner transition elements? A) A B) B C) C D) D Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 24 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 99) Which element indicated on the above periodic table has the electron configuration [Kr] 4d5 5s2? A) element A B) element B C) element C D) element D Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 100) Which element indicated on the above periodic table has the electron configuration [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2? A) element A B) element B C) element C D) element D Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems 101) Which element indicated on the above periodic table has the electron configuration [Ar] 3d3 4s2? A) element A B) element B C) element C D) element D Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 25 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 102) Which element indicated on the above periodic table has the electron configuration [Ar] 3d10 4s1? A) element A B) element B C) element C D) element D Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems 103) Which is the most common ion formed by element B on the above periodic table? A) B5+ B) B2+ C) B3+ D) B4+ Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems The first transition series metals are shown below. 104) Which has the highest melting point? A) Sc B) V C) Mn D) Zn Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 105) Which has the lowest melting point? A) Sc B) V C) Mn D) Zn Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 26 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 106) Which has the largest atomic radius? A) Sc B) V C) Ni D) Zn Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 107) Which has the smallest atomic radius? A) Sc B) V C) Ni D) Zn Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 108) Which has the greatest density? A) Sc B) V C) Cu D) Zn Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 109) Which has the most positive standard oxidation potential? A) Sc B) V C) Cu D) Zn Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 110) Which has the most negative standard oxidation potential? A) Sc B) V C) Cu D) Zn Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 27 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 111) Based on the variation in Zeff, which M2+ ion should be the strongest reducing agent? A) Ti B) Cr C) Fe D) Zn Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 112) Based on the variation in Zeff, which M2+ ion should be the weakest reducing agent? A) Ti B) Cr C) Fe D) Zn Answer: D Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 113) Based on the variation in Zeff, which oxoanion should be the strongest oxidizing agent? A) VO43B) CrO42C) MnO42D) FeO42Answer: D Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 114) Based on the variation in Zeff, which oxoanion should be the weakest oxidizing agent? A) VO43B) CrO42C) MnO42D) FeO42Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 115) Which metal exhibits the highest oxidation state in its compounds? A) Sc B) Cr C) Mn D) Zn Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems 28 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. The second transition series metals are shown below. 116) Which has the highest melting point? A) Y B) Mo C) Tc D) Cd Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 117) Which has the lowest melting point? A) Y B) Mo C) Tc D) Cd Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 118) Which has the largest atomic radius? A) Y B) Mo C) Rh D) Cd Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 119) Which has the smallest atomic radius? A) Y B) Mo C) Rh D) Cd Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 29 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 120) Which has the greatest density? A) Y B) Mo C) Rh D) Cd Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 121) Which has the lowest density? A) Y B) Mo C) Rh D) Cd Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems The third transition series metals are shown below. 122) Which has the highest melting point? A) Lu B) W C) Os D) Hg Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 123) Which has the lowest melting point? A) Lu B) W C) Os D) Hg Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 30 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 124) Which has the largest atomic radius? A) Lu B) W C) Os D) Hg Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 125) Which has the smallest atomic radius? A) Lu B) W C) Os D) Hg Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 126) Which has the greatest density? A) Lu B) W C) Os D) Hg Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 127) Which has the lowest density? A) Lu B) W C) Os D) Hg Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 31 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 128) Which of the above are bidentate ligands? A) All are bidentate. B) (a) and (b) C) (c) and (d) D) None are bidentate. Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 129) Which of the above are monodentate ligands? A) All are monodentate. B) (a) and (b) C) (c) and (d) D) None are monodentate. Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 130) Which of the above are ligands that contain two or more donor atoms? A) All contain two or more donor atoms. B) (a) and (b) C) (c) and (d) D) None contain two or more donor atoms. Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 32 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 131) Which of the above are bidentate or tridentate ligands, capable of forming chelate rings? A) (a) and (c) B) (b) and (d) C) (a), (b), and (c) D) (a), (b), (c), and (d) Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 132) Which of the above are monodentate ligands? A) (a) and (c) B) (b) and (d) C) All are monodentate. D) None are monodentate. Answer: B Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 33 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Consider the following isomers of [Co(NH3)4Br2]+. The black sphere represents Co, gray spheres represent NH3, and unshaded spheres represent Br. 133) Which are cis-isomers? A) isomers (1) and (2) B) isomers (1) and (3) C) isomers (2) and (4) D) isomers (3) and (4) Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems 134) Which are trans-isomers? A) isomers (1) and (2) B) isomers (1) and (3) C) isomers (2) and (4) D) isomers (3) and (4) Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems 135) Which structures are identical? A) None of the structures are identical. B) structure (1) = structure (2) and structure (3) = structure (4) C) structure (1) = structure (3) and structure (2) = structure (4) D) structure (1) = structure (4) and structure (2) = structure (3) Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems 136) Which exist as enantiomers? A) All exist as enantiomers. B) isomers (1) and (3) C) isomers (2) and (4) D) None exist as enantiomers. Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems Consider the following ethylenediamine complexes. The black sphere represents Co, gray 34 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. connected spheres represent ethylenediamine, NH2CH2CH2NH2, and unshaded spheres represent Br. 137) Which complexes are chiral? A) complexes (1), (2), and (3) B) complexes (1), (2), and (4) C) complexes (1), (3), and (4) D) complexes (2), (3), and (4) Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 138) Which complexes are enantiomers of one another? A) complexes (1) and (3) B) complexes (1) and (4) C) complexes (3) and (4) D) complexes (1), (3), and (4) Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 35 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 139) Which of the Co(III) complexes above are enantiomers of each other? A) (A) and (B) B) (C) and (D) C) (A), (B), and (C) D) (A), (B), (C), and (D) Answer: A Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 140) Which of the Co(III) complexes above are optically active? A) (A) and (B) B) (C) and (D) C) (A), (B), and (C) D) (A), (B), (C), and (D) Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 36 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 141) Which Pt(II) complexes are geometric isomers of each other? A) (a) and (f) B) (b) and (e) C) (c) and (d) D) (a) and (b) Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 142) Using the above schematic of an artist's color wheel, determine the color seen if a substance absorbs red and yellow light. A) blue B) green C) orange D) violet Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems 37 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 143) Using the above schematic of an artist's color wheel, determine the color seen if a substance absorbs yellow and blue light. A) green B) orange C) red D) violet Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems 144) Using the above schematic of an artist's color wheel, determine the color absorbed if a substance is seen as being green in color. A) blue B) orange C) red D) violet Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Conceptual Problems 145) The absorbance spectrum of a complex along with an artist's color wheel is shown below. Determine the color one might see for this complex. A) green B) red C) red-violet D) yellow Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems 38 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 146) Which is the crystal field energy level diagram for an octahedral ML6 complex? A) (A) B) (B) C) (C) D) (D) Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Conceptual Problems 147) Which is the crystal field energy level diagram for a square planar ML4 complex that contains no ligands on the z-axis? A) (A) B) (B) C) (C) D) (D) Answer: C Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 148) Which is the crystal field energy level diagram for a tetrahedral ML4? A) (A) B) (B) C) (C) D) (D) Answer: D Diff: 3 Topic: Conceptual Problems 39 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 20.2 Algorithmic Questions 1) What is the ground-state electron configuration for the element chromium (Z = 24)? A) [Ne] 4s2 3d4 B) [Ar] 4s2 3d4 C) [Ar] 4s1 3d5 D) [Ar] 3d6 Answer: C Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations Algo. Option: algorithmic 2) Which of the following elements is an inner transition metal? A) Eu B) Fe C) Ru D) Sc Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations Algo. Option: algorithmic 3) What is the ground-state electron configuration for Cr3+ (Z = 24)? A) [Ar] 4s2 3d7 B) [Ar] 4s2 3d1 C) [Ar] 3d3 D) [Ar] 4s1 3d2 Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations Algo. Option: algorithmic 4) How many d electrons are there in W O42-? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations Algo. Option: algorithmic 40 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 5) Which of the following species has the electron configuration [Ar]3d6? A) Cr B) Fe3+ C) Co3+ D) Ni3+ Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations Algo. Option: algorithmic 6) What is the highest possible oxidation state for manganese? A) +2 B) +5 C) +6 D) +7 Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.3 Oxidation States of Transition Elements Algo. Option: algorithmic 7) Which of the following can function as a bidentate ligand? A) CO B) OH C) N H3 D) C2O4 2Answer: D Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands Algo. Option: algorithmic 8) Which of the following can function as a chelating agent? A) SHB) H2O C) H2NCH2CO2D) SCN Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands Algo. Option: algorithmic 41 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 9) Which of the following species is diamagnetic? A) an isolated, gas-phase Cr3+ ion B) a high-spin octahedral Cr2+ complex C) an isolated, gas-phase Cu2+ ion D) a low-spin octahedral Co3+ complex Answer: D Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.11 Bonding in Complexes: Valence Bond Theory Algo. Option: algorithmic 10) Which ion would you expect to have the largest crystal field splitting, △? A) [Rh(CN)6]4B) [Rh(CN)6]3C) [Rh(H2O)6]2+ D) [Rh(H2O)6]3+ Answer: B Diff: 5 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory Algo. Option: algorithmic 20.3 Short Answer Questions 1) Transition elements are located in the ________-block of the periodic table. Answer: d Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations 2) Using shorthand notation, the electron configuration of Co3+ is ________. Answer: [Ar] 3d6 Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.1 Electron Configurations 3) The small sizes of third transition series atoms is referred to as the ________ contraction. Answer: lanthanide Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.2 Properties of Transition Elements 4) The oxidation state of chromium in Cr2O72– is ________. Answer: + 6 Diff: 1 Topic: Section 20.3 Oxidation States of Transition Elements 42 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 5) The coordination number of platinum in Pt(NH3)2Cl2 is ________. Answer: 4 Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.5 Coordination Compounds 6) Polydentate ligands are known as ________ agents. Answer: chelating Diff: 2 Topic: Section 20.6 Ligands 7) The formula for tetraamminedichlorochromium(III) chloride is ________. Answer: [Cr(NH3)4Cl2]Cl Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.7 Naming Coordination Compounds 8) The number of diastereoisomers possible for [Co(en)2Cl2]+ is ________. Answer: 2 Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.8 Isomers 9) Platinum uses ________ hybrid orbitals to accept electron pairs from ligands in cisPt(NH3)2Cl2. Answer: dsp2 Diff: 3 Topic: Section 20.11 Bonding in Complexes: Valence Bond Theory 10) The number of unpaired electrons in Co(NH3)63+ is ________. Answer: 0 Diff: 4 Topic: Section 20.12 Crystal Field Theory 43 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.