Designation: A1085 − 13Standard Specification for Cold-Formed Welded Carbon Steel Hollow Structural Sections (HSS)1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1085; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. 1. Scope cal Analysis of Steel Products 1.1 This specification covers cold-formed welded carbon A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related steel hollow structural sections (HSS) for welded or bolted Alloys, and Ferroalloys construction. These shapes are utilized in but not limited to the 2.2 Military Standard:3 following applications: buildings, bridges, towers, cranes, sign MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage supports and poles, off-shore production and drilling platforms, 2.3 Federal Standards:4 roll-over protective structures (ROPS), falling object protective Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment structures (FOPS), and amusement rides. Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of Iron and Steel Products 1.2 This HSS is produced in welded sizes with a periphery of 88 in. [2235 mm] or less, and a specified nominal wall 2.4 AIAG Standard:5 thickness of 0.148 in. [3.8 mm] or greater and 0.875 in. [22 B-1 Bar Code Symbology Standard mm] or less. 3. Terminology 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the specification, refer to Terminology A941. SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system 4. Ordering Information shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the 4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall contain standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” information concerning as many of the following items as are designation of this specification is specified in the order. required to describe the desired material adequately: 4.1.1 Quantity (feet [meters] or number of lengths), 1.4 The text of this specification contains notes and foot- 4.1.2 Name of material (cold-formed HSS), notes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and 4.1.3 Size (outside diameter and wall thickness for round footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain HSS, and outside dimensions and wall thickness for square and any mandatory requirements. rectangular HSS), 4.1.4 Length (random, multiple, specific; see 12.4), 2. Referenced Documents 4.1.5 End condition (see 17.3), 2.1 ASTM Standards:2 4.1.6 Burr removal (see 17.3), A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing 4.1.7 Certification (see Section 19), of Steel Products 4.1.8 ASTM specification designation and year of issue, A700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth- 4.1.9 End use, ods for Steel Products for Shipment 4.1.10 Special requirements, A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi- 4.1.11 Bar coding (see 20.3), 4.1.12 Packing, Marking and Loading (see Section 21), and 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, 3 Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:// Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published April 2013. DOI: 10.1520/ dodssp.daps.dla.mil. 4 A1085-13. Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:// contact ASTM Customer Service at
[email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM www.access.gpo.gov. 5 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd., the ASTM website. Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http://www.aiag.org. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States 1 10. 5. ogy A751. they shall be made using distance between the plates is less than one-half of the specified test specimens taken from two lengths of HSS from each lot of outside diameter of the tubing.1 HSS shall be made from flat-rolled steel by the electric. psi [MPa]. The required heat analysis and the carbon equivalent in length shall be flattened cold between parallel plates in three shall be reported. %A 21 1. inside or outside parent metal surfaces of the test specimen.000 [450] for manganese is permitted. TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements Composition. the steel producer shall identify the resultant transition Both additional product analyses shall conform to the specified material and remove it using an established procedure that requirements or the lot shall be rejected. welded tubing shall be welded across its thickness.3 If both product analyses representing a lot fail to conform to the specified requirements. as represented by the test specimen.035 +0. the flattening shall be continued until the stock from each lot of a corresponding quantity of flat-rolled test specimen breaks or the opposite walls of the test specimen stock. conform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed resistance-welding process.2 For round HSS. shall be present until the 8.1 When product tests are conducted the HSS shall con. Charpy V-Notch (CVN) Impact Requirements 6.2 Stress relief or annealing is permissible. which is a test for ductility of the weld. shall be judged in accordance with Section 17. based on full-size longitudinal NOTE 1—Welded HSS is normally furnished without removal of the test specimens. The longitudinal butt joint of in Table 2.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of the following processes: open-hearth. min . min. as represented by the test specimen.03 Round and Shaped HSS Notes: Grade A (1) For each reduction of 0. if any.020 total Al content Silicon.2 If product analyses are made. % 11.01 Aluminum.1 The material.45 %. 7. Product Analysis plates is less than two-thirds of the specified outside diameter of the tubing. Tensile Requirements 6.1 The material. Evidence of laminated or unsound material or of incom- plete weld that is revealed during the entire flattening test shall be cause for rejection. 8. no cracks or breaks on the inside or outside surfaces of CE 5 C1 ~ Mn ! ⁄61 ~ Cr1Mo1V ! ⁄51 ~ Ni1Cu ! ⁄15 the test specimen shall be present until the distance between the 8.01 percentage point below the specified maximum Yield Strength. but revealed during the first step of the Heat Analysis Product Analysis Carbon. positively separates the grades. 2 . up to a maximum of 1.04 flattening test.2 When steels of different grades are sequentially strand be made using two additional test specimens taken from the lot.50% by heat analysis and Elongation in 2 in. The carbon equivalent shall be calculated steps. max 0. max 0.015 acid soluble OR { TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements . 5. During the third step. except as provided for in 11. or electric furnace.000 [485] for carbon. [100 mm] analysis. Heat Analysis 11. ments specified in Table 1 for product analysis. 65.35 + 0. Flattening Test 7. If heat treat. For the second step. No trans- verse coil splices are permitted in the furnished product. A1085 − 13 4. or fraction thereof. A (2) Where an ellipsis ({) appears in the table.000 [345] – 70. shipment of the tubing.05 Phosphorus. psi [MPa] 50. 11. Such product analyses shall conform to the require- ment. cast. A flattening test is not required for square and rectangular HSS. max 0. requirements have not been The minimum elongation values specified apply only to tests performed prior to defined.1 The flattening test shall be made on round HSS.035 +0. shall ment is performed mechanical testing shall be conducted after conform to the minimum average CVN Impact Value of 25 heat treatment. (See ASTM A370 for acceptance criteria for inside flash. a test specimen at least 4 in.2 The maximum permissible carbon equivalent shall be 0. or two pieces of flat-rolled a test for soundness.26 +0. ft-lb at 40°F [34 Joules at 4°C]. with the weld located 90° from the line of direction of using the following formula: force.13 Supplementary requirement. subsize specimens. basic-oxygen.) 7.1. Practices. product analyses shall 5. shall 6. including the be in accordance with Test Methods. [50 mm]. The carbon equivalent shall be based upon the heat 11.01 Sulfur. Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis shall meet. Process 8. the lot shall be rejected. form to the requirements of Table 1 for product analysis. which is 500 lengths. Manufacture 9. an increase of 0. no cracks or breaks on the 8. 10.4 If only one product analysis representing a lot fails to conform to the specified requirements. Manganese. and Terminol- additional requirement called for in the supplementary require.4. min. 9. max 1.3 Surface imperfections not found in the test specimen Element before flattening.60% by product analysis. During the first step.04 +0.06 percentage point above the specified maximum Tensile Strength.1 Each heat analysis shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1 for heat analysis. max 0. Cracks at these 22 ft [6. Number of Tests 14.6] permissible variations in large flat dimension. The maximum wall 12. [mm] Under Specified Outside 14.9] of outside large to small flat dimension greater than 3. [mm] Corner Radius specified outside dimensions by more than the applicable t # 0. [mm] identical to the permissible variations in large flat dimension. adjacent sides shall be square (90°). For Maximum Permissible Variations in Twist per rectangular HSS having a ratio of outside large to small flat dimension less than Specified Outside Large Flat 3 ft of Length [Twist per Meter of Length] 1. times the number of meters] of total length divided by 5. be as noted in the table below. in multiple lengths. Permissible Variations Over and Specified Outside Large Flat Dimension.5 m] and Under Over 22 ft [6.6 Squareness of Sides—For square and rectangular struc- rounded to the nearest 0.7 Radius of Corners—For square and rectangular struc- made at positions at least 2 in.8] TABLE 6 Permissible Variations in Twist for Square and Over 51⁄2 [140] 0. in. 12.1 The availability.050 [1. 14. Over 8 [200] 0. A1085 − 13 11.0t amount given in Table 3. the permissible variations in small flat dimension shall be 1. TABLE 5 Corner Radii [50 mm] from the ends of the HSS shall not vary from the Thickness. [50 permissible variation of 62° max.1 mm]. [mm] [13] [6] [19] [6] 12.5 % or +10 %.1 mm]. incl 0. in. 12.400 [10.1 Round HSS—The outside diameter shall not vary ness of HSS shall be 1⁄8 in. 12. 12.100 [2. The outside diameter measurements shall be 12.3 Mass—On the basis that the density of rolled steel is the opposite ends of the HSS. times the number of feet [10 mm more than 60.020 [0. mm] and larger.1 Outside Dimensions: 12.8t to 3.0. For rectangular HSS having a ratio of outside large to small flat dimension in the range of 1.5. in. incl 0. with the manufacturer. except that for heavier corners of rectangular HSS are 2 times the specified thickness.2 mm] 1. [50 mm] of the ends of the HSS. [mm] in. Twist measurements shall not be from the mass specified by more than –3.0t convexity or concavity. dimensions.5 to 3.1. measuring the height that each corner on only to the centers of the flats. incl 0. Length tolerance for 12⁄ ⁄ 14 ⁄ 34 1 ⁄4 specific lengths.1 The term “lot” shall apply to all HSS of the same TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Outside Flat Dimensions for specified size and specified wall thickness that are produced Square and Rectangular HSS from the same heat of steel.0 11⁄2 [40] and under 0.005 in.75 %. shall be not more than 10 permissible variations in twist shall be as given in Table 6.5 m] locations shall not be cause for rejection if the D-to-t ratio is Over Under Over Under less than 10. Special Shape HSS 5 ft [1.00 in.8] 3 .5 m] and over.8 Twist—For square and rectangular structural HSS.025 [0.2 One tension test as specified in Section 16 shall be Flat Dimensions.112 [2. which includes an allowance for t > 0. and calculating the twist (the 0. and for square HSS. with a outside diameter for specified outside diameters 2. Permissible Variations in Dimensions 12. For rectangular HSS having a ratio Over 21⁄2 to 4 [65 to 100]. [0. the permissible variations Over 4 to 6 [100 to 150].6] Over 31⁄2 to 51⁄2 [90 to 140]. excluding the weld seam.075 [1. incl 0. Refer to Section 4. measured across the flats at positions at least 2 in. and 60.2 Wall Thickness—The minimum wall thickness shall be 95 % of the specified wall thickness.4 Length—HSS is normally produced in random lengths 13.062 [1.1. t.087 [2.900 in.005 in. the radius of each outside corner of the section shall HSS. 21⁄2 [65] or under 0.3] inclusive. from the specified tural HSS. For square and Twist shall be determined by holding one end of the HSS down rectangular tubing the wall thickness requirements shall apply on a flat surface plate.4 When low D-to-t ratio HSS are tested. [48 mm] and smaller. taken within 2 in. [0.5 times the Over 11⁄2 to 21⁄2 [40 to 65]. % greater than the specified wall thickness.400 [10. [50 mm] from the ends of the tural HSS. the bottom side of the HSS extends above the surface plate near 12. the permissible variations in small flat dimension shall be Dimension.5 %. and in specific 13. rounded to the nearest 0.2] in small flat dimension shall be 2. [mm] made from a length of HSS representing each lot. from the specified outside diameter for specified outside diameters 1.5] Over 21⁄2 to 31⁄2 [65 to 90].2 Square and Rectangular HSS—The outside dimensions.5] dimension. When specific lengths are ordered. in. the thickness.0 times the permissible variations in large flat Over 6 to 8 [150 to 200].030 [0. incl 0.01 times large flat dimension Rectangular HSS A The permissible variations include allowances for convexity and concavity. and tolerances of special lengths.5 Straightness—The permissible variation for straight- 12.6t to 3.3 [7850 kg/m3] and that the outside radius of difference in heights of such corners).A in. sections it shall be permissible to use a suitable measuring the actual mass of an individual length of HSS shall not deviate device to determine twist. shape structural HSS shall be subject to inquiry and negotiation the length tolerance shall be in accordance with Table 4. incl 0.2 mm] 1.2836 lb/in. the strain TABLE 4 Length Tolerances for Specific Lengths of imposed due to geometry is unreasonably high on the inside Structural HSS surface at the 6 and 12 o’clock locations. die or roll marks.2 % strain 19. subsequent to the 18. based upon the treated as a new lot and tested accordingly.1. turer and the purchaser. Any longi. to ensure conformance to the requirements of this specification.2 Surface imperfections such as handling marks.3 The yield strength corresponding to the 0.1 fail to conform to the applicable requirements specified in Sections 9.3 A signature or notarization is not required on certifi- specified wall thickness to be repaired by welding. and or used in electronic form. compliance stating that the product was manufactured. additional HSS of double the original number from the lot. tested.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract. Such HSS shall be subject to mutual investigation as to in the gage length.1 It shall be permissible for the purchaser to inspect HSS manufacturer heat treating. and 11.2.1 Surface imperfections shall be classed as defects the tension tests and CVN Impact tests required by this when their depth reduces the remaining wall thickness to less specification and the purchase order or contract.3 The projecting weld metal shall be removed to made from a length of HSS representing each lot. requirements of Test Methods and Definitions A370. or otherwise eliminat.3 Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order. It shall be permis- sible for defects having a depth not in excess of 331⁄3 % of the 19. however. They order or contract. order. or both.2 When specified in the purchase order or contract.5 CVN Impact test specimens shall be longitudinal. Retests specified limits on wall thickness. the lot shall be rejected or. from an electronic data interchange 4 . subject to cates of compliance or test reports. the 17. Rejection 10.4 The flattening test. test specimens or longitudinal strip test specimens. then the name of the testing agency shall be on the certification in addition to the items 17.4 CVN Impact test specimens shall conform to the manufacturer shall furnish to the purchaser a certificate of applicable requirements of Test Methods and Definitions A370. and inspected in accordance with this speci- A370. or both.1.2. the organization ping or grinding to sound metal. the burr shall be removed on the outside diameter.2 It shall be permissible for the purchaser to set aside any A2. the 16. such HSS shall be subject to agreement between the manufac- mination of the tensile properties.1 If the results of the mechanical tests representing any metal on the outside surface of the weld seam. The disposition of surface imperfections that would interfere with proper deter. 14. fication and any other requirements designated in the purchase 16.4 A certificate of compliance or test report printed from. Tension test specimens shall not contain installation. The purchaser tudinal strip test specimens shall be taken from a location at shall notify the manufacturer of any HSS that has been set least 90° from the weld and shall be prepared without flattening aside. The purchaser shall notify the manufacturer of any HSS that has been 16. Annex 18.1 The defect shall be completely removed by chip. and manufacturer. Certification offset method shall be determined. shall be taken from a location at least 90° from the weld. Certificates of compliance shall include the specification number. HSS shall be free of protruding 15.2. Not- 17. year of issue. Longitudinal strip test specimens shall have the nature and severity of the deficiency and the forming or all burrs removed.2 If one or both of the retests specified in 15.1.3 One set of CVN tests as specified in Section 16 shall be 17. If testing is not 17. inspection and test methods outlined herein. and 11. conditions involved. received from the manufacturer and reject any HSS that does ing the condition responsible for the failure. with the lot shall be acceptable if the results of all such retests burr held to a minimum. the lot shall be not meet the requirements of this specification. 17.2 The repair weld shall be made using a low hydro. lot fail to conform to the applicable requirements specified in Sections 9. The removal of such surface imperfections is not required.2 Tension test specimens shall be full-size longitudinal of this specification to be unsuitable for the intended end use. 10. A1085 − 13 14. 15. When so specified in the purchase representing the lot conform to the specified requirements. The structural HSS shall be furnished with square cut ends. 18. Test Methods rejected. than 95 % of the specified wall thickness. the documents the following conditions: shall clearly identify the organization submitting them. and the disposition of such HSS shall be subject to 16.2. the lot shall be rejected or retested using 17. light made on one length of round HSS from each lot. withstanding the absence of a signature. reworking.1 All HSS shall be inspected at the place of manufacture previously stated. 19.2 All HSS shall be free from defects and shall have a manufacturer shall furnish to the purchaser test reports for the workmanlike finish. shall be 17. inside diameter. as specified in Section 11. 19. 19. Inspection performed by manufacturer. Subsize specimens are permitted in accordance with ASTM sampled.2. produce a workmanlike finish.1 Tension test specimens shall conform to the applicable agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. HSS that is found in fabrication or installation within the scope 16. 16. or shallow pits are not considered defects provided that the imperfections are removable within the 15. and was found to meet all such requirements. product shipped that contain the heat analyses and the results of 17. based on the requirements of this specification. submitting the document is responsible for its content. gen welding process. and Loading counterpart printed in the certifying organization’s facility. [100 mm] or less. the manufacturer a tag securely attached to each bundle. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. 22.org/ COPYRIGHT/). it shall be applicable inspection and test requirements specified herein.1 bridges. Packing. packaging. or through the ASTM website (www.1 performance of such inspections and tests. The product conform to the minimum average CVN Impact Value and test marking and certification or test report shall include S1. shall be legibly marked to show the following information: 123 for civil agencies and MIL-STD 129 or Federal Std.1 When specified in the purchase order. the manufacturer shall have the option of using bar coding as a supplementary identification method. 23. 610-832-9555 (fax). Heat Treatment S2. shall use its own or any other suitable facilities for the 20. are entirely their own responsibility. (See A370 for acceptance criteria for subsize specimens.org (e-mail). content of the EDI transmitted document shall conform to any marking. and the risk of infringement of such rights.org). Government Procurement 20. West Conshohocken. brand. 100 Barr Harbor Drive.1 in temperature specified on the purchase order. S1. Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.1 to be marked on Except as otherwise specified in the contract. Keywords specific bar coding system is specified in the purchase order.) ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. When a 23. United States.astm. A1085 − 13 (EDI) shall be regarded as having the same validity as a 21. Marking. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at 610-832-9585 (phone).astm.1 Except as noted in 20. or trademark. This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised. shall [450° C] or higher.1 The material. at the address shown below.2 Inspection—Unless otherwise specified in the contract. or service@astm. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights.1 HSS shall be heat treated at a temperature of 850° F S2. each length of structural HSS of such materials shall be in accordance with Federal Std. Alternate Charpy V-notch Test S1.3 Bar Coding—In addition to the requirements in 20. steel tube. manufacturer’s name. which you may attend. designation (year of issue not required).2 For structural HSS having a specified outside diameter the manufacturer shall be responsible for the performance of all or large flat dimension of 4 in. that system shall be used. followed by cooling in air. and grade letter. as represented by the test specimen. permissible for the information listed in 20. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee.2. 22. This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International. and 20. No. Product Marking 22. No. facturer. longitudinal test specimens.2. either reapproved or withdrawn. 20. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards. based on full-size addition to the requirements in Sections 19 and 20. PA 19428-2959. The 21. PO Box C700.1 When specified in the contract. A700. 5 . welded hollow structural sections SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified in the purchase order. buildings. welded construction. and loading shall be in accordance with Practices existing EDI agreement between the purchaser and the manu. the specification 183 if continuous marking is required. marking for shipment 20.